Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-23T14:20:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ElisangelaBezerraDasNevesHolanda_TESE.pdf: 6612707 bytes, checksum: f9d2acfe515476ab9c03e0ac3ce7b4c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-24T15:42:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ElisangelaBezerraDasNevesHolanda_TESE.pdf: 6612707 bytes, checksum: f9d2acfe515476ab9c03e0ac3ce7b4c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T15:42:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElisangelaBezerraDasNevesHolanda_TESE.pdf: 6612707 bytes, checksum: f9d2acfe515476ab9c03e0ac3ce7b4c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-14 / Os nanotubos de carbono de multicamadas (MWCNT) incorporados ? materiais de origem proteicas podem contribuir para o surgimento de interessantes biomateriais comp?sitos com grande potencial de aplica??es biol?gicas. Os MWCNT s?o promissores vetores de DNA em c?lulas e embri?es de seres vivos. Por?m, o desencadeamento do seu uso na ?rea biom?dica est? relacionado ? padroniza??o de sistemas e protocolos para avaliar os potenciais impactos na sa?de humana e no meio ambiente. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da funcionaliza??o, a citotoxicidade e a ades?o celular dos nanotubos de carbono na sua forma comercial e modificados por diferentes processos em c?lulas macr?fagos (J774 e RAW). Nesta pesquisa, inicialmente foram realizados diferentes processos de funcionaliza??o nos MWCNT visando a inser??o de grupos funcionais e poss?vel compatibilidade com biopol?meros. Ap?s a funcionaliza??o os MWCNT foram caracterizados por diferentes t?cnicas e realizados os ensaios de citotoxicidade e a eletroan?lise. Os biopol?meros utilizados para a funcionaliza??o do substrato t?xtil da prote?na da soja foram o col?geno extra?do da pele da til?pia e o col?geno comercial. Os substratos t?xtis foram funcionalizados atrav?s do processo Dip coating e em seguida, foram incorporados os nanotubos de carbono pelo mesmo processo. Os resultados obtidos atrav?s das an?lises do processo de funcionaliza??o dos MWCNT revelaram que as amostras funcionalizadas com a quitosana tende a aumentar o di?metro do tubo devido a forma??o de uma monocamada polim?rica em sua superf?cie e que os melhores resultados de oxida??o foram para as amostras que passaram pelo processo de funcionaliza??o ?cida e funcionaliza??o ?cida com quitosana. Os resultados obtidos pela Espectroscopia Raman comprovaram que o processo de funcionaliza??o foi realizado com ?xito, possibilitando a inser??o de grupos funcionais sobre os nanotubos. A eletroan?lise nos nanotubos mostraram que os maiores valores da capacit?ncia por massa e por ?rea foram para as amostras funcionalizadas com ?cidos e que a adi??o da quitosana durante a funcionaliza??o aumenta a resist?ncia ? passagem da corrente, al?m de provocar um efeito isolante. Os ensaios de citotoxicidade dos MWCNT realizadas em macr?fagos nas concentra??es de 100, 75, 50, 25 e 5 ?g/mL demonstraram um percentual em torno de 95% de viabilidade celular para as amostras funcionalizadas com ?cido e quitosana para todas as concentra??es. Os ensaios de ades?o celular nos MWCNT revelaram excelentes intera??es em concentra??es mais elevadas para todas as amostras de nanotubos. A observa??o visual do efeito da modifica??o do substrato t?xtil com o col?geno indicou que o tipo e a origem da prote?na interferem no efeito da imobiliza??o dos nanotubos de carbono. Em conclus?o, as exposi??es de macr?fagos a baixas concentra??es de MWCNT funcionalizados n?o causaram impacto na viabilidade celular, o que abre as possibilidades de diversos estudos para potencializar aplica??es na ?rea biol?gica. / The multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) incorporated into the materials of protein origin can contribute to the emergence of interesting composite biomaterials with great potential of biological applications. MWCNT are promising DNA vectors in living cells and embryos. However, the triggering of its use in the biomedical area is related to the standardization of systems and protocols to assess the potential impacts on human health and the environment. The general objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of functionalization, cytotoxicity and cellular adhesion of carbon nanotubes in their commercial form and modified by different processes in macrophages (J774 and RAW). In this research, different functionalization processes were initially performed in the MWCNT, aiming at the insertion of functional groups and possible compatibility with biopolymers. After functionalization, the MWCNT were characterized by different techniques and performed the cytotoxicity and electroanalysis tests. The biopolymers used for the functionalization of the textile substrate of the soy protein were the collagen extracted from the skin of the tilapia and the commercial collagen. The textile substrates were functionalized through the dip coat process and then the carbon nanotubes were incorporated by the same process. The results obtained through the analysis of the functionalization process of the MWCNT revealed that the functionalized samples with chitosan tend to increase the diameter of the tube due to the formation of a polymeric monolayer on its surface and that the best oxidation results were for the samples that passed by the process of acid functionalization and acid functionalization with chitosan. The results obtained by Raman Spectroscopy proved that the functionalization process was successful, allowing the insertion of functional groups on the nanotubes. The electroanalysis in the nanotubes showed that the highest values of capacitance per mass and per area were for the acid functionalized samples and that the addition of chitosan during functionalization increases the resistance to current flow, besides provoking an insulating effect. The cytotoxicity tests of MWCNT performed on macrophages at concentrations of 100, 75, 50, 25 and 5 ?g / mL demonstrated a percentage of around 95% cell viability for acid and chitosan functionalized samples at all concentrations. Cell adhesion assays in MWCNTs showed excellent interactions at higher concentrations for all nanotube samples. Visual observation of the effect of modification of the textile substrate with collagen indicated that the type and origin of the protein interfere with the immobilization effect of the carbon nanotubes. In conclusion, macrophage exposures at low concentrations of functionalized MWCNT had no impact on cell viability, which opens the possibilities of several studies to potentiate applications in the biological field.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ManoelAGN_tese.pdf: 5283581 bytes, checksum: 65511a1dd2487deff44e8db44d2a0cf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The objective of this study was perform by the streptoavidin-biotin technique an immunohistochemical analysis of ?2?1, ?3?1e ?5?1 integrins in 11 normal oral mucosa (NOM), 16 oral inflammatory fibroepithelial hyperplasia (OIFH) and 25 oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) (16 mild, 2 moderates and 7 severe), to determine if exists qualitative alteration in the expression of these integrins and if this guard relation with the oral epithelial modifications. It was observed that for the ?2?1 integrin the majority of the sample showed a predominantly intense labeling diffusely distributed in the intercellular contacts and the cytoplasm of cells of the basal and suprabasal layers, without difference of this profile between the different types of specimens, however with a trend to weak or loss of expression in 21.1% of the OEDs, being all the specimens that had not expressed this heterodimer, severe OEDs. For the ?3?1 integrin the majority of the sample showed a weak or absent labeling in basal layer. The ?5?1 integrin showed a predominant strong diffuse labeling in the intercellular contacts and cytoplasm in the suprabasal layer, with difference only in the labeling intensity between the types of specimens, inhabiting this difference in the OEDs, where 12 (48%) specimens had shown a weak labeling. It was concluded that the evaluated integrins can be involved in the cell-cell, cell-ECM interactions modulating the cellular differentiation and maintenance of the epithelial structural arrangement. The variable expression of the ?5?1 integrin in the OEDs, could suggest, respectively, a role of this molecule in the cellular survival, with intention to perpetuate the modified phenotype in these lesions, or a suppressor role on the modified phenotype due to lack of interaction of this molecule with the fibronectina of the MEC / Este estudo se prop?s analisar atrav?s da t?cnica da estreptoavidina-biotina a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica das integrinas ?2?1, ?3?1e ?5?1 em 11 esp?cimes de mucosa oral normal (MON), 16 de hiperplasia fibroepitelial inflamat?ria oral (HFIO) e 25 de displasia epitelial oral (DEO) (16 leves, 2 moderadas e 7 graves), procurando determinar se existe altera??o qualitativa na express?o destas integrinas e se a mesma guarda rela??o com as modifica??es sofridas pelo epit?lio oral. Para a integrina ?2?1 a maioria dos esp?cimes exibiu uma marca??o predominantemente intensa e difusa nos contatos intercelulares e no citoplasma celular das camadas basal e suprabasal, sem diferen?a desse perfil entre os diferentes tipos de esp?cimes, por?m com uma tend?ncia a fraca ou perda da express?o em 21.1% das DEOs, sendo todos os esp?cimes que n?o expressaram marca??o para este heterod?mero DEOs graves. Para a integrina ?3?1 a maioria da amostra exibiu uma marca??o fraca ou ausente predominantemente em camada basal. A integrina ?5?1 exibiu uma forte marca??o difusa nos contatos intercelulares e citoplasm?tica na camada suprabasal, com diferen?a apenas na intensidade de marca??o entre os tipos de esp?cimes, residindo essa diferen?a nas DEOs, onde 12 (48%) esp?cimes exibiram uma fraca marca??o. Concluiu-se que as integrinas avaliadas podem estar envolvidas nas intera??es c?lula-c?lula e c?lula-MEC que garantem a diferencia??o celular e manuten??o do arranjo estrutural tecidual. A vari?vel express?o da integrina ?5?1 nas DEOs, poderia sugerir, respectivamente, um papel dessa mol?cula na sobrevida celular, com o intuito de perpetuar o fen?tipo alterado nessas les?es, ou uma a??o supressora desse fen?tipo devido ? falta de intera??o desta mol?cula com a fibronectina da MEC