Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 329-360).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Uppsala, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-330).

A number of reforms described as the New Public Management (NPM) have been introduced in the UK. Key elements of this are the introduction of markets, an increase in the production of performance information and changes to organisational structures. This research evaluates the impact of these reforms on accountability. In order to do this a model of effective accountability is developed from the existing literature. The criteria of effective accountability are the provision of information by the steward, clarity of assignment of responsibilities, the ability of the principal to control the steward and the ability of the principal to apply rewards or impose sanctions An overview of the NPM and accountability is provided in the first paper. Three papers examine the impact of increased performance information on accountability, through an analysis of documents and plans. The conclusion is that the information provided does not meet the needs of the relevant stakeholders. Three further papers assess the impact of changes in organisational structure and find that clarity and democratic accountability are marginally enhanced. The final paper analyses the impact of a consumer approach to accountability in education. It concludes that resistance to this, from officials and politicians, diluted the possible benefits of increased clarity and sanctions for parents. The eight pieces of research show that although accountability overall has not been significantly enhanced, the impact of reforms has varied between the different elements of effective accountability. The giving of an account and clarity of account have been strengthened by the reforms, but there is more limited evidence on the other two criteria. These latter two areas in particular are important issues for further research on accountability. This research has contributed significantly to our understanding of the impact of reforms on accountability. This has been achieved through original empirical research as well as theoretical developments concerning the importance of information and the quality of data required by different stakeholders.

L’autonomie de la responsabilité administrative en matière extra-contractuelle n’est plus forcément acquise aujourd’hui. La multiplication des sources de la responsabilité administrative, à côté de la jurisprudence, qu’elles soient internes ou supranationales, a eu pour effet de rouvrir ce débat. Incontestablement, l’autonomie est encore aujourd’hui une réalité. Cependant, la loi, expression de la volonté générale, et ce en dépit de ses bienfaits, tend à effriter un principe jadis solide. Il semblerait que malgré sa légitimité, ses effets bénéfiques pour les victimes, et sa complémentarité à certains moments avec la jurisprudence, le législateur, avec le consentement du juge constitutionnel, a la possibilité de déroger au principe de la séparation des autorités. D’autres sources, comme le droit de la Convention E.D.H., tendent à imposer un cadre juridique prédéfini sans prendre en compte le dualisme juridictionnel français. Parallèlement, la Cour de justice à créer à destination des États membres un véritable droit commun de la responsabilité en matière extra-contractuelle. Tous ces facteurs conjugués, sans oublier aujourd’hui le contentieux de l’environnement impactant les règles de la responsabilité administrative, nous laisse penser que la frontière entre le droit public et le droit privé devient de plus en plus perméable. Parfois, l’autonomie, qui est selon nous la liberté du juge administratif d’appliquer des règles qui se distinguent ou non de la responsabilité civile, n’est plus toujours opérante. En effet, les sources évoquées génèrent parfois un cadre juridique standard. À certains moments, c’est la compétence du juge administratif qui est remise en cause au profit du juge judiciaire au nom du principe d’une bonne administration de la justice. / The autonomy of the administrative responsibility in extra-contractual is not necessarily acquired any more today. The multiplication of the springs of the administrative responsibility, next to the jurisprudence, that they are internal or supranational, had the effect of reopening this debate. Unmistakably, the autonomy is even today a reality. However, the law, the expression of the general will, and it in spite of its benefactions, tends to crumble a principle formerly solid. It would seem that in spite of his legitimacy, his beneficial effects for the victims, and his complementarity at times with the jurisprudence, the legislator, with the consent of the constitutional judge, has the possibility of breaking the principle of the separation of the authorities. In other springs, as the right of the Convention E.D.H., tend to impose a legal framework predefined without taking into account the French jurisdictional dualism. At the same time, the Court of justice to create aimed at Member states a real common law of the responsibility in extra-contractual material. All these combined factors, without forgetting the dispute of the environment today impacting on the rules of the administrative responsibility, lets us think that the border between the public law and the private law becomes more and more permeable. Sometimes, the autonomy, which is according to us the freedom of the administrative judge to apply rules which distinguish themselves or not from the civil liability, is not effective anymore yet. Indeed, the evoked sources sometimes generate a standard legal framework. At times, it is the competence of the administrative judge that is questioned for the benefit of the judicial judge in the name of the principle of a good administration of the justice.

Universiẗat, Diss.-2007--Tübingen, 2006.

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-132). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-132). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Este estudo tem por escopo analisar o julgamento das contas anuais dos prefeitos municipais do Estado do Paraná, desde a emissão do parecer prévio pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Paraná até o efetivo julgamento pelo Plenário das Casas Legislativas, a fim de apurar quais os fundamentos que levam algumas Câmaras Municipais Paranaenses a rejeitar o parecer prévio emitido pelo Tribunal de Contas quando sugere a desaprovação (irregularidade) da prestação de contas. Para tanto, faz-se uma explanação sobre a estrutura e formação do Estado, suas formas de governo e os tipos de administração pública existentes no sistema brasileiro para fins de melhor compreensão do tema. Em seguida, trata-se dos tipos de controle externo, com ênfase no controle parlamentar exercido com o auxílio do Tribunal de Contas, nos termos previstos nas Constituições Federal e Estadual vigentes. O estudo mostra-se relevante uma vez que os julgamentos das contas anuais dos prefeitos municipais realizados pelas Câmaras Municipais do Estado do Paraná não estão sendo acompanhados pelos demais órgãos de controle, nem mesmo pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado. Assim, pretende-se analisar a efetividade da análise técnica realizada pela Corte de Contas do Estado quando da emissão dos pareceres prévios, bem como a influência política da governabilidade quando ocorre a rejeição dos pareceres prévios no momento do efetivo julgamento destas contas. O método de pesquisa utilizado segue a taxionomia empregada por Vergara (2004), que propõe dois critérios: a) quanto aos fins e b) quanto aos meios. Com relação aos fins, pode ser classificada em pesquisa exploratória e explicativa e, relativamente aos meios, em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Como resultado da pesquisa, verifica-se que a rejeição dos pareceres prévios se dá por questão de natureza política, uma vez que não há motivação técnica e legal e que a influência da governabilidade no julgamento das contas dos prefeitos municipais no Estado do Paraná ocorre de forma indireta, dado que não está presente no julgamento propriamente dito, mas, sim, durante o trâmite processual, contribuindo para a inércia do legislativo em colocar os processos na pauta de julgamentos, mantendo, desse modo, as prestações de contas paradas, sem o efetivo julgamento pelo plenário das Câmaras Municipais. / This study has the purpose to analyze the judgment of the annual accounts of the Municipal Mayors of the State of Paraná, since the issuance of the preliminary opinion by the Court of Accounts of the State of Paraná until the actual trial by the Plenary of the Legislative Houses, in order to determine which grounds that lead some Municipalities of Paraná reject the prior opinion of the Court of Accounts when suggesting disapproval (error) of accountability. Therefore, it is an explanation of the structure and formation of the state, their forms and types of government existing in the Brazilian system for the purpose of better understanding of the topic. It is then treated the types of external control, with emphasis on parliamentary control exercised with the assistance of the Court of Accounts, pursuant to the applicable Federal Constitution. The study shows to be relevant, since the judgments of the annual accounts of the Municipal Mayors conducted by local councils of the state of Paraná are not being accompanied by other organs of control, even by the Court of Accounts of the State. Thus we intend to investigate the effectiveness of technical analysis conducted by the Court of Auditors of the State when issuing preliminary reports, as well as the political influence of governability when the previous rejection of opinion occurs in the moment of the effective prosecution of these accounts by the Plenary of the Legislative Houses. The research method follows the taxonomy used by Vergara (2004), which proposes two criteria: a) about the purposes and, b) as to the means. As for the purpose, can be classified into exploratory and explanatory research and as to the means in literature and documents. The qualitative methodology of content analysis will be used for data analysis. As a result of research it turns out that the rejection of prior opinions occurs by political issues, since there is no legal and technical motivation and the influence of governance in the judgment of the accounts occurs indirectly , since the Court is not present at the trial itself. The political influence of governability takes place during service of process, contributing to the inertia of the Legislative Houses in place on the processes in the agendas of judgments , in order to maintain the benefits of still accounts without the effective judgment by the plenary of municipalities.

References to accountability are common throughout public administration literature. However, a clear model to assess accountability in government programs is not fully developed. This research fills this gap and provides policymakers with a tool they can use to assess accountability in both public and contracted programs and enables them to make more informed contracting-out decisions. In addition, the Integrated Accountability Framework introduced in this research will serve as a guideline for how public administrators can improve accountability in the programs they administer and oversee. For the public and private health care programs analyzed in this study, the findings indicate that the publicly delivered programs provided more accountability to the vulnerable populations served than the contracted-out health care programs. / by Thomas W. Cleare. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2011. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2011. Mode of access: World Wide Web.