The present study explored the experiences of victimization and immigration among immigrant youth in the Peel region in Ontario, Canada. Victimization included the experiences of bullying and ethnic discrimination in the school environment. The study utilized a phenomenological approach to investigate how immigrant youth interpreted their experiences and whether they identified victimization as bullying, ethnic discrimination or both. The effects of victimization on adaptation and acculturation were also explored. Results from individual interviews of six youth (ages 16 or 17) indicated that immigrant youth viewed bullying and discrimination as separate constructs. Themes that emerged from the interviews included the importance of language proficiency; the role of peer affiliations; and factors associated with resiliency. It was evident through their descriptions that immigrant youth face unique challenges, which include adjusting to a new culture and country of residence, establishing a new social circle, and gaining comfort in utilizing the English language.

It is clear that the US federal government is concerned about the country's teen pregnancy rates and would like to see changes. Without a precise understanding of the factors associated with adolescent pregnancy, and specifically with Hispanic female adolescent pregnancy, monies allocated to prevention programs could go to waste. The focus of this study was to systematically review the current literature as it relates to factors, in this case attitudes, beliefs and practices that influence Hispanic female adolescents' reproductive behaviors. This study consisted of systematically reviewing published studies, through a process of abstracting and organizing their findings into a matrix. Three electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, ERIC, and CINAHL. The initial search yielded a total of 494 publications. After applying specific inclusion criteria, the final sample of publications included forty-nine (n=49). Publications were categorized as primarily quantitative or primarily qualitative studies. Methodological characteristics of each study were judged using an overall methodological quality score (MQS) assigned to each study. Different MQS criteria were developed for qualitative and quantitative studies. A total of 205 findings were abstracted from the 49 included reports. Beliefs that were identified consistently among the studies were norms and values associated with condom use, partner's beliefs, hedonistic beliefs, and communicative beliefs. Norms and values were also seen as important when adolescents chose to remain abstinent. Findings that were unique the Hispanic adolescent population were identified as well with cultural factors showing significant associations. Regarding methodological quality, fewer than 50% of studies included a theoretical framework and only 11 included Hispanic-only samples. Qualitative studies had similar findings to those of the quantitative studies, but also introduced new factors associated with reproductive behaviors. Acculturation constructs were seen among the qualitative studies as being positively associated to sexual abstinence. Other behaviors such as partner's manipulation of birth control and the use of female condoms were unique to the qualitative studies done in this review. This review provided a critical assessment of the literature and it methodological qualities. Findings should be interpreted with caution due to limitations. Concentrating on unique factors associated with the Hispanic population can lead to interventions that are culturally sensitive to this population and effective. Health professionals should focus on conducting more studies with exclusively Hispanic samples and use factors unique to the Hispanic population when planning health education programs that are culturally sensitivity to Hispanic female adolescents' needs and world-views.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between the level of implementation of the middle school concept and student achievement. The level of implementation of the middle school concept was determined by the Texas Assessment of Middle Level Schools (TAMLS) which was completed by a random sample of middle school principals from across Texas. Student achievement and selected demographic data were obtained from the Academic Excellence Indicator System (AEIS) reports on the various campuses as published on the Texas Education Agency (TEA, 2003a) website. Student achievement, school size, and demographic variables were investigated using frequency counts, mean scores, standard deviations, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson product–moment correlations across independent variable categories. The independent variable categories were the five criteria and the total score as rated by principals on the TAMLS survey. Major research findings of this study include: 1. Relationships were found between the TAMLS criteria of developmental responsiveness and teacher preparation and professional development with student achievement across all of the research questions examined. 2. Relationships were found between school size, the TAMLS criteria and student achievement. 3. Relationships were found between student ethnicity, the TAMLS criteria, and student achievement. The study results with regard to the relationship between the level of implementation of the middle school concept, taken in its totality, are inconclusive. This finding is supported in a review of the literature. Based on the findings of the study, researcher recommendations include: 1. Middle schools involved in reform efforts to improve student achievement should focus their efforts in the areas of developmental responsiveness and teacher professional development. 2. Principals of large middle schools (n ≥ 801 students) should consider the implementation of the middle school concept as a design strategy when reform efforts are undertaken.

Texte remanié de: Dissertation--Bielefeld--Universität, 2004. / Bibliogr. p. 311-342.

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Ethnologie--Paris--EHESS, 2001. Titre de soutenance : Comportements relationnels, sexualité et fécondité des mères célibataires à Ouakam dans l'agglomération dakaroise (Sénégal). / Bibliogr., 11 p.

Mémoire d'orthophonie : Médecine : Université de Nantes : 2007. / Bibliogr.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Psychologie OPTION PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE ET PSYCHOLOGIE CLINIQUE : Lyon 2 : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. Index.

Reproduction de : Mémoire d'orthophonie : Médecine : Nantes : 2009. / Bibliogr.

Background: Sexual and reproductive health education and services are often of poor quality in Indonesia and although sexual intercourse among adolescents is not socially accepted, a change of norms is observable, putting adolescents at risk to acquire unwanted health outcomes. Aim: To analyse associations of behavioural, sociodemographic and informational factors with engaging in sexual intercourse among never-married adolescents aged 15 - 24 in Indonesia and to analyse potential differences in age groups. Methods: Data from 19,649 never-married male and female adolescents who ever went to school, obtained from the 2012 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey, was used for analysis. Multiple logistic regression was applied to test for significance separately and after adjusting for variables. Results: Among all adolescents, factors associated with engaging in sexual intercourse were: older age, male sex, ever drank alcohol, smoking and ever used drugs. After stratifying for age, the same associations were found for older and younger adolescents. Additionally, among younger adolescents (15 - 19 years), those from poorer households, with a higher educational level and those currently attending school were more likely to engage in sexual intercourse. Among older adolescents (20 - 24 years), those from poorer households and rural areas were more likely to engage in sexual intercourse. Conclusions: Interventions are needed to equip male adolescents, those who ever drank alcohol, were currently smoking or ever used drugs with sufficient knowledge and tools to make informed decisions. Further qualitative research is needed to investigate the behaviour of adolescents towards sexual intercourse more in depth.

Research has shown that the majority of young adults with autism achieve poor-fair outcomes. It is known that communication deficits in individuals with autism may persist throughout the lifespan. However, there is a paucity of information in the literature pertaining to the communication needs of adolescents and young adults with autism. To meet the complex needs of these individuals, transition plans and programs must be improved. One way in which transition programs can be improved is by incorporating evidence based assessment and intervention methods designed for this population that target communication skills. Caregivers (n=68) of adolescents and young adults with autism anonymously completed a survey pertaining to outcomes, goals, and communication skills. Outcomes for the young adults were mostly poor and communication skill performance was variable. Results revealed that overall, caregivers perceived some communication skills to be more important than others. Caregivers rated the importance of communication skills differently depending on the social goals of the individual with autism. Results achieved significance for the relationship between developmental language level and the perceived importance of certain communication skills. Findings demonstrate that specific communication skills should be assessed and targeted during transitional planning for individuals with autism. / text