By 'n dialekgeografiese studie van hierdie aard sal dit by uitstek die verstandigste wees om te begin by 'n omgewing waarin die ondersoeker gebore is en grootgeword het. Die omgang van die ondersoek en die uitgestrektheid van die gebied wat hierby betrokke is maak dit egter vir 'n boorling net so moeilik as vir 'n goeie waarnemer uit enige ander spraakgebied wat ook daartoe in staat behoort te wees om bepaalde foniese, leksikale, grammatiese, semantiese en sintaktiese verskynsels, eienaardighede en tendensies in die spreektaal op te merk. My bekendheid en omgang met Afrikaanssprekendes in hierdie streek wil ek nietemin kortliks soos volg aandui: (a) Wat vir hierdie studie as "randgebiede" beskou kan word. Gebore en opgegroei in Willowmore (19 jaar), onderwysopleiding op Graaff-Reinet (3 jaar). Onderwysondervinding In die distrik Steytlerville (2 ½ jaar). (b) Die eintlike ondersoekgebied. Onderwysondervinding in Oos-Londen en omgewing (6 jaar) , Grahamstad (10 ½ jaar) afgesien van talle lisensies in Oos-Londen en Port E1izabeth en besoeke aan omliggende dorpe en distrikte.

D.Litt. et Phil. (Afrikaans) / Today linguists generally accept that languages change continuously and that variation characterizes language. lt appears from sociolinguistic research done since 1964 that there is a connection between linguistic and social or non-linguistic variables. Even an initial acquaintance with Rehoboth Afrikaans will indicate the general occurrence of variation; yet little research has been done in this area. The only noteworthy study in this field was carried out by J.H. Rademeyer in 1938. Variation, more specifically phonetic variation, is the object of study of this thesis ...

M.A. / Primere doelstelling 'n Sosiolinguistiese beskrywing van die taalgebruik van wingerdwerkers, wat 'n relatief eentalige, homogene taalgemeenskap is. Sekondere doelstellings Die saamstel van 'n wingerd-leksikon. Die gee van 'n transkripsie van dele uit Bacchus in die Boland op grond van die veranderlike uitspraakvorme wat deur die navorsing vasgestel is. 'n Voorondersoek is eers onderneem om to bepaal of hierdie spesifieke groep sprekers se taalgebruik enigsins uniek is as dit vergelyk sou word met die ondersoeke wat reeds op die gebied in ander bruin gemeenskappe gedoen is. Gedurende die voorondersoek is slegs met 'n paar respondente gesels (twee manlike wingerdwerkers op die wynplaas Louwshoek, drie manlike wingerdwerkers op die wynplaas Merwida en een manlike wingerdwerker op die wynplaas Klein Pokkraal). Daar is ook vroulike wingerdwerkers, maar die onderskeie plaasbestuurders het telkens voorgestel met wie gesels moes word, omdat die werkers volgens hulle "baie geselserig" is. Die werkers wat deur hulle vir onderhoude uitgewys is, was almal manlik. Tydens die hoofondersoek is onderhoude met vroulike wingerdwerkers sowel as met kinders van die werkers gevoer. Al die onderhoude is op band geneem. Onderhoude wat op band geneem word, is the heeltemal natuurlik the, want "Interview speech is formal speech" en "monitored and controlled in response to the presence of an outside observer." Die ondersoeker het as vreemdeling (slegs bekend gestel aan respondente kort voor die onderhoude, wat wel vooraf gereel is en waartoe respondente toestemming verleen het) met 'n bandopnemer opgedaag en informeel met werkers probeer kommunikeer. Sommige respondente was ontspanne en het gemaklik op vrae reageer, terwyl ander duidelik ongemaklik was met die ondersoeker en die bandopnemer. Hierdie ongemak het veroorsaak dat respondente vrae in kort, eenvoudige sinne beantwoord het of baie sag of binnensmonds gepraat het. Dit het aanvanklik 'n in diepte studie van die wingerdwerkers se taalgebruik bemoeilik.Om hierdie rede is tydens 'n volgende ondersoek op 'n gemakliker basis met respondente kommunikeer. Tydens die hoofondersoek is genoemde probleme grootliks uitgeskakel deur die respondente se taalgebruik sover moontlik in hul natuurlike sosiale konteks te bestudeer. Bandopnames is gemaak tydens interaksie met familielede en vriende asook tydens sosiale geleenthede. 'n Ooglopende oplossing was om tydens hul werksure in die wingerde na die respondente te gaan luister. Hierdie projek was baie tydrowend, maar beslis lonend, aangesien die sprekers in 'n vertroude omgewing en situasie tussen bekendes is en sodoende is juis hul alledaagse, natuurlike taalgebruik op band vasgele. Hierdie situasie was ideaal vir die studie, aangesien dit meer spesifiek handel oor die taalgebruik (uitspraak, woordvorme, leksikon en sintaktiese vorme) van die wingerdwerkers in die aangeduide omgewing. Tydens die voorondersoek is vasgestel dat hierdie groep sprekers se taalgebruik verskille vertoon van die van ander bruin gemeenskappe, hoofsaaklik wat hul leksikon en omgangstaal betref, en dit was ook opvallend dat hierdie groep sprekers net oor 'n informele styl beskik.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 1957. / Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original hard copy. / NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE / GEEN OPSOMMING BESKIKBAAR

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Kaaps is one of the oldest dialects of Afrikaans that originated in the Cape Colony during the seventeenth century and is still used today by the working class Coloured community of the Cape Peninsula. Although it is mainly used as a spoken dialect, it is also applied in the literature. It is especially the use of Kaaps in the literature by Adam Small that helped to establish Kaaps in the Afrikaans literature and to bring about a newfound interest in this dialect. Kaaps has been undervalued for a long time due to the fact that it is associated with people of colour. For this reason Kaaps has been one of the most stigmatised dialects of Afrikaans. Today academics approach language variation differently by viewing all dialects of a language as equal. For this reason Kaaps is no longer seen as inferior to the standardized form of Afrikaans. Kaaps is also no longer restricted to a spoken dialect, but is also reflected in literature, theatre, music, television, radio and the printed media. The focus of this study is to investigate the use of Kaaps in the Afrikaans tabloid, Son. Son is the first Afrikaans tabloid that appeared in South Africa and is the first Afrikaans newspaper to make use of a dialect of Afrikaans that is not the standardized form, but an informal dialect that some refer to as Kaaps. The aim of the study is to investigate whether the language used in Son is representative of Kaaps and to what extent the written language correlates with the spoken Kaaps, as it is used by its speakers. This is done by a text analysis of Son-articles as well as a questionnaire that was filled in by Kaaps speaking teenagers. Furthermore the study investigated the correlation between language and identity and to what extent the respondents could identify with Kaaps as well as the language that is used in Son. The conclusion of this study is that the language used in Son cannot be viewed as a true representation of Kaaps, but rather as an informal Afrikaans that use elements of Kaaps. Although the language in Son cannot be seen as a true reflection of Kaaps, the study concludes that the teenage speakers of Kaaps can identify with the language that is used in Son. The study also found that the negative perception of Kaaps still exists among the users of Kaaps. Regardless of this negative perception, this research showed that Kaaps can be used effectively in the media and that the success of Son can be attributed to the language used in its newspaper. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kaaps is een van die oudste variëteite van Afrikaans wat sedert die sewentiende eeu aan die Kaap gepraat is en vandag steeds die taal van die bruin werkersklas in die Kaapse Skiereiland is. Alhoewel dit hoofsaaklik as ʼn gesproke variëteit gebruik word, het dit ook in die letterkunde neerslag gevind. Dit is veral die gebruik daarvan in die werke van Adam Small wat Kaaps as ʼn literêre skryftaal gevestig het en ʼn nuwe belangstelling in dié variëteit van Afrikaans laat ontstaan het. As gevolg van die sterk assosiasie wat Kaaps met bruin mense het, is dit in die verlede geminag as ʼn minderwaardige taalvorm en kan Kaaps ook beskou word as een van die mees gestigmatiseerde variëteite van Afrikaans. Vandag word taalvariasie egter op ʼn gelykevlakbenadering deur akademici ondersoek en moet Kaaps beskou word as deel van Afrikaans en nie as ondergeskik aan die standaardvariëteit nie. Kaaps is ook nie meer beperk tot ʼn gesproke variëteit nie, maar vind neerslag in die letterkunde, teater, musiek, televisie, radio en die gedrukte media. Dit is dan juis die gebruik van Kaaps in die Afrikaanse poniekoerant, Son, wat in hierdie studie ondersoek word. Son is die eerste Afrikaanse poniekoerant wat in Suid-Afrika verskyn het en die eerste Afrikaanse koerant wat nie Standaardafrikaans gebruik nie, maar ʼn informele Afrikaans wat deur baie beskou word as Kaaps. Die doel van die studie is om die taalgebruik in Son te ondersoek as verteenwoordigend van Kaapse Afrikaans in ʼn poging om te bepaal tot watter mate die taalgebruik in Son ooreenstem met Kaaps, soos gebruik deur die sprekers van Kaaps. Dit word gedoen deur ʼn teksanalise van verskeie Son-artikels sowel as ʼn vraelys wat onder ʼn groep Kaapssprekende tieners afgeneem is. Die studie ondersoek ook die verband tussen taal en identiteit deur ʼn ondersoek na die mate waartoe die Kaapssprekende tienerleser identifiseer met Kaaps sowel as die taalgebruik in Son. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie is dat die taalgebruik in Son nie uitsluitlik Kaaps is nie, maar eerder ʼn informele Afrikaans met Kaapse elemente wat voorkom. Alhoewel die taalgebruik nie uitsluitlik Kaaps is nie, identifiseer die Kaapssprekende tienerleser wel met die taal wat in Son gebruik word. Ongeag die negatiewe persepsie wat die sprekers van Kaaps steeds van Kaaps het, toon die navorsing dat Kaaps wel effektief in die media gebruik kan word en dat die sukses van Son ook toegeskryf kan word aan die taal wat dit gebruik.

Bibliography / Thesis (MA (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.

Text in Afrikaans / An account of certain functional aspects of Afrikaans exocentric compounds is presented in this dissertation. This study builds on the preliminary survey presented in the dissertation 'n Korpusanalise van Afrikaanse eksosentriese komposita (Van Niekerk, 2001). Exemplary material is obtained from an extensive corpus, consisting of lexicographical and academic matter, as well as colloquial spoken language. Language is man's primary means of communication, used to convey knowledge and information. Lexical items are used to name and refer to all kinds of concepts, aspects, objects, persons and other references. Of particular importance to this study, however, is the expressive functionality of language, whereby it is used as an instrument to voice affect, judgement, opinion, perception and other emotional aspects. Exocentric compounds are singled out as lexemes of particular importance, utilized by Afrikaans speakers/writers to express themselves referentially and emotionally. In this study the researcher has endeavored to describe and explain certain aspects of exocentric compounds in terms of the cognitive process of conceptual blending, as explained in The way we think by Fauconnier and Turner (2003). Exocentric compounding is highly functional with regard to etnobiological naming of botanic and zoological references, especially as bahuvrihi compounds. More prominent, however, is the use of compounds to voice a wide variety of expressive values and connotations, both positive and negative. Humor is constantly referred to as probably the most important function of exocentric compounds. Other expressive functional aspects of exocentric compounds are discussed, such as insult, scorn and ridicule in nicknames and slurs, the softening effect of euphemism in contrast to the intensifying effect of dysphemism, idiomaticity, irony, et cetera, some of these aspects overlapping significantly. Exocentric compounds are creatively used as highly descriptive expressions in the informal register of colloquial Afrikaans, as well as in different dialects and sociolinguistic varieties. Based on observations in connection with the diverse use and optimal functionality of exocentric compounds in domains of every possible kind, the conclusion is reached that exocentric compounds is an essential part of the Afrikaans lexicon. / Afrikaans & Theory of Literature / D.Litt. et Phil.(Afrikaans)

Text in Afrikaans / An account of certain functional aspects of Afrikaans exocentric compounds is presented in this dissertation. This study builds on the preliminary survey presented in the dissertation 'n Korpusanalise van Afrikaanse eksosentriese komposita (Van Niekerk, 2001). Exemplary material is obtained from an extensive corpus, consisting of lexicographical and academic matter, as well as colloquial spoken language. Language is man's primary means of communication, used to convey knowledge and information. Lexical items are used to name and refer to all kinds of concepts, aspects, objects, persons and other references. Of particular importance to this study, however, is the expressive functionality of language, whereby it is used as an instrument to voice affect, judgement, opinion, perception and other emotional aspects. Exocentric compounds are singled out as lexemes of particular importance, utilized by Afrikaans speakers/writers to express themselves referentially and emotionally. In this study the researcher has endeavored to describe and explain certain aspects of exocentric compounds in terms of the cognitive process of conceptual blending, as explained in The way we think by Fauconnier and Turner (2003). Exocentric compounding is highly functional with regard to etnobiological naming of botanic and zoological references, especially as bahuvrihi compounds. More prominent, however, is the use of compounds to voice a wide variety of expressive values and connotations, both positive and negative. Humor is constantly referred to as probably the most important function of exocentric compounds. Other expressive functional aspects of exocentric compounds are discussed, such as insult, scorn and ridicule in nicknames and slurs, the softening effect of euphemism in contrast to the intensifying effect of dysphemism, idiomaticity, irony, et cetera, some of these aspects overlapping significantly. Exocentric compounds are creatively used as highly descriptive expressions in the informal register of colloquial Afrikaans, as well as in different dialects and sociolinguistic varieties. Based on observations in connection with the diverse use and optimal functionality of exocentric compounds in domains of every possible kind, the conclusion is reached that exocentric compounds is an essential part of the Afrikaans lexicon. / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / D.Litt. et Phil.(Afrikaans)