Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Mannheim, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 186-207).

Diss.--Universität Regensburg, 1998. / Bibliogr. p. 276-297.

Orientador: Fernando Rogério de Paula / Resumo: Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo das propriedades morfológicas e fotocatalíticas de fibras de PVDF/TiO2 sem e com adsorções de partículas de prata na superfície das fibras. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros: taxa de injeção de 76 μl/min, distância de trabalho de 25 cm, velocidade do coletor 400 rpm e pressão de 0,26 MPa foram os parâmetros ideais para produção de fibras de PVDF/TiO2. As mantas obtidas com essa pressão apresentaram fibras dispersas com baixa rugosidade e diâmetros próximos a 600 nm. Estas fibras apresentaram a melhor propriedade fotocatalítica, sendo a incorporação de 0,50 g de TiO2 a que apresentou maior eficiência degradando 91% do corante em 40 minutos. A difratometria de raios-X das fibras de PVDF/TiO2 identificou picos característicos da fase cristalográfica anatase e rutilo referente ao TiO2 e a fase β correspondente ao PVDF. Visando melhorar a eficiência fotocatalítica das fibras de PVDF/TiO2 foram incorporadas nas superfícies das mesmas, partículas de prata. A deposição promoveu um aumento na atividade fotocatalítica, a manta que sofreu um banho na solução de AgNO3 com concentração 58,9 mmol/L degradou 95 % do corante em 20 minutos, apresentando uma melhora significativa quando comparada com a mesma manta sem incorporação de prata que degradou 50 % no mesmo período de tempo. A presença de partículas de prata, nas superfícies das fibras, foi comprovada por difratometria de raios-X e EDS. / Abstract: In this work a study of the morphological and photocatalytic properties of PVDF/TiO2 fibers with and without adsorptions of silver particles on the surface of the fibers was carried out. The results showed which the parameters: injection rate of 76 μl/min, work distance of 25 cm, collector speed 400 rpm and pressure of 0.26 MPa were the ideal parameters for the production of PVDF/TiO2 fibers. The blankets obtained with this pressure presented dispersed fibers with low roughness and diameters close to 600 nm. These fibers had the best photocatalytic properties, being the incorporation of 0.50 g of TiO2, which presented higher efficiency, degrading 91% of the dye in 40 minutes. The X-ray diffraction of PVDF/TiO2 fibers identified characteristic peaks of the anatase and rutile crystallographic phase related to TiO2 and the β phase corresponding to PVDF. In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of the PVDF/TiO2 fibers, silver particles were incorporated into the surfaces thereof. The deposition promoted an increase in the photocatalytic activity, the blanket that was bathed in the AgNO3 solution with a concentration of 58.9 mmol / L degraded 95% of the dye in 20 minutes, presenting a significant improvement when compared to the same blanket without incorporation of silver degraded 50% over the same period. The presence of silver particles on the surfaces of the fibers was confirmed by Xray diffraction and EDS. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:04:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6207_1.pdf: 1261112 bytes, checksum: 722a988b8d4d13813f6d4987851e5b03 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / O gênero Artibeus (Stenodermatinae) está constituído por 18 espécies e possui distribuição restrita à região Neotropical. No Brasil foram formalmente registradas apenas quatro espécies dos grandes Artibeus: A. lituratus, A. jamaicensis, A. obscurus e A. fimbriatus. Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo citogenético comparativo nos grandes Artibeus através de técnicas diferenciais e moleculares de análise cromossômica. As preparações cromossômicas foram obtidas a partir de medula óssea de A. obscurus (6 machos e 8 fêmeas), A. fimbriatus (2 machos e 4 fêmeas), A. jamaicensis (8 machos e 5 fêmeas) e A. lituratus (10 machos e 10 fêmeas) coletados no Estado de Pernambuco. O cariótipo das espécies analisadas está constituído por 2n=30/31 (XX;XY1Y2) e número fundamental (NF=56), diferindo entre si pelo tamanho de Y1 e Y2. O bandeamento C evidenciou blocos de heterocromatina constitutiva (HC) nas regiões pericentroméricas de todos os cromossomos, além de pequenos blocos de HC na região telomérica dos pares 5, 6, 7 e X em todas as espécies. Além disso, A. obscurus apresentou blocos intersticiais no braço curto e longo do par 1, como também nos braços longos dos pares 2, 5 e 6, e nos telômeros do braço curto do par 9. Por sua vez, em A. jamaicensis observaram-se blocos teloméricos nos braços curtos dos pares 9 e 13, e blocos intersticiais nos braços longos dos cromossomos 1, 2 e 6. A presença de um bloco intersticial também foi verificada no braço longo do par 6 de A. lituratus. Em todos os indivíduos, o braço longo do X mostrou uma coloração diferencial em relação ao complemento cromossômico, e os acrocêntricos Y1 e Y2 mostraram-se heterocromáticos exceto por A. jamaicensis, cujo Y2 exibiu blocos centroméricos e distais. Nas quatro espécies analisadas, as RONs estavam localizadas nas contrições secundárias dos pares 5, 6 e 7, exibindo variação individual de distribuição de atividade das RONs em cerca de três a quatro cromossomos. Através da coloração seqüencial observou-se que os blocos heterocromáticos associados às RONs em A. obscurus e A. fimbriatus apresentaram riqueza em pares de bases GC. O estudo realizado proporcionou a análise comparativa das espécies, permitindo a visualização tanto de estruturas conservadas pelo gênero Artibeus como de divergências características de cada indivíduo, permitindo a correta individualização de espécies que ocorrem em simpatria no Nordeste brasileiro

Where does your food come from? This is a simple question that many people ask but don't truly want to have to answer to. We have some idea of the concept of farming that is cobbled together from images taken from the media and advertisements. The vision of a small pastoral farm where animals roam around in outdoor pens or live in stately wooden barns is the idea that comes to mind when we think of farming. This concept could not be further from the actual truth. This difference between your perception and the reality is due to a widespread effort to block images of modern farming practices from public view. Those orchestrating this deception are so powerful that they have pushed censorship laws onto nineteen different states in the United States. These laws are collectively called the Ag Gag. This series of photographs was created to shed light on modern farming practices and to bring awareness to the overreach of agricultural corporations in dictating laws limiting individual free speech. In this work you see images of what modern large scale animal farming actually looks like. You will also see what impacts this has on the environment and learn about the benefits and problems with this type of farming. In the end the most important question I want you to ask yourself is: Is this where I want my food coming from?

Title: Electronics and adsorption properties of model catalytic systems contains cerium Author: Miloš Cabala Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Supervisor: RNDr. Kateřina Veltruská, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Abstract: The doctoral thesis contains the study of model catalyst systems based on cerium and ceria. The thesis deals with model systems of CeAg, CeO2/Cu(111), Ni- CeO2/Cu(111) a Ni-Sn-CeO2/Cu(111). We have studied these systems using photoelectron spectroscopy, ion scattering spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction. Model systems were prepared under strictly defined conditions. The strong bimetallic interaction was observed on the CeAg layers. Molecular adsorption of carbon monoxide on CeAg was demonstrated. We also observed intensive reaction of these layers with oxygen. By measurements in different directions of surface Brillouin zone, we managed to reconstruct the band structure of the prepared CeO2/Cu(111) layer. We have shown that the Cu substrate interacts weakly with deposited CeO2 layer. This interaction results in a charge transfer from Cu into CeO2. Overall, in the valence spectrum we have identified three main electron bands corresponding to O 2p state bound in CeO2. It has been proven that the deposition of Ni on CeO2 layers leads to partial...

Die Cu – Ag - Mikroverbund – Werkstoffe besitzen das Potenzial die gegensätzlichen Anforderungen an das Leitermaterial für den Einsatz in einem Hochfeldmagneten, wie hohe Festigkeit bei gleichzeitig hoher elektrischen Leitfähigkeit und ausreichender Verformbarkeit, zu erfüllen. Außerdem bieten diese Werkstoffe gegenüber den anderen, die dafür in Frage kommen können, den großen technologischen Vorteil einer konventionellen schmelzmetallurgischen Herstellung. Jedoch wurde bisher dafür eine sehr aufwändige Technologie verwendet, die die Herstellung des Leitermaterials nur im Labormaßstab ermöglicht. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit einer Technologie der Herstellung von Leitern, die den Anforderungen für den Einsatz in einem Hochfeldmagneten genügen können und in einem großtechnischen Maßstab verfügbar sind. Der Schwerpunkt der Leiterherstellung aus Cu – Ag - Legierung lag in der Einstellung der geeigneten Mikrostruktur über metallkundliche Mechanismen vor der Drahterzeugung. Hierfür wurden während der einzelnen Prozessschritten die Gefügeentwicklung und für die Anwendung relevante Eigenschaften der Legierungen in binären Cu – Ag – Legierungen und in ternären Cu – Ag -X –Legierungen untersucht. Darüber hinaus wurde der Einfluss der Mikrostruktur und der Zusammensetzung auf die mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften der Drähte ermittelt sowie eine Korrelation zwischen Mikrostruktur und elektrischen Eigenschaften aufgestellt.

The project is about a GS1-verified input system Prevas GCM, which is a web service for suppliers to send article information to receivers. With the current system the suppliers need to select each receiver individually when sending information. The purpose with the project is to develop a system that let suppliers create receivers groups from receivers. The preparatory work consist of create prototypes in Adobe XD. Thereafter the web application produced in two steps. The project has mostly used the programming language JavaScript together with AG-Grid. In addition html and css have been used. The result was a almost launch-ready product with minor fixes left. / Projektet har handlat om GS1-verifierat inmatningssystemet Prevas GCM, som är en webbtjänst som låter leverantörer skicka ut artikelinformation till mottagare. Den nuvarande lösningen innebär att leverantörerna måste välja alla mottagare enskilt. Syftet med projektet blev att utveckla en webbapplikation som låter leverantörer skapa mottagargrupper av mottagare. Förarbetet bestod av att skapa prototyper i Adobe XD. Därefter har webbapplikation tagits fram i två steg. Projektet har huvudsakligen använt programmeringsspråket JavaScript ihop med AG-Grid. Utöver det har HTML och CSS används. Resultatet blev nästan en lanserings-klar produkt med mindre fix kvar.

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Urbanization, the conversion of natural habitat into area fit for human exploitation, is the greatest contemporary threat to natural ecosystems. With urbanization only projected to increase in magnitude as human populations continue to grow it is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the potential negative impacts urbanization can have on vital ecosystem functions and services. One such important ecosystem service is pollination. Roughly 87.5% of flowering plants are animal pollinated, with pollination contributing over $175 billion dollars to the global economy each year. The fundamental ecologic and economic importance of pollination, coupled with the growing threat of urbanization, makes it important to better understand how pollination success may be impacted by urban development. Though, studies on the impact of urbanization on pollination success vary wildly in their findings, with some studies finding a negative impact of urbanization, while others find a negligible or even positive impact. This discordance in past studies is likely due to the fact that pollination studies typically focus on just one aspect of the pollination process, whether that be pollinator community, pollen removal/deposition, or fruit/seed production. Urbanization, however, may induce differential impacts across different stages of the pollination process. Focusing on just one pollination aspect may limit our understanding of the potential underlying mechanisms urbanization may impart on different stages of the pollination process. The goal of this study was to evaluate multiple aspects of pollination success across an urbanization gradient. Specifically, pollinator community (in terms of visitation rate and community composition), pollen removal/deposition, and fruit/seed production were surveyed across 12 common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) populations, six of which were in natural habitats and six of which were in areas of moderate urbanization. By evaluating all pollination aspects together we can pinpoint which step(s) of the pollination process are impacted by urbanization, which will inform decisions on how to best conserve the integrity of pollination in anthropogenically disturbed environments. Overall, urbanization increased pollinator visitation rate (0.151 visits per minute per flower in urban populations, compared to 0.067 at natural populations), and altered pollinator composition, with more small bees and beetles present in more urbanized areas. Pollen removal also increased with urbanization (2.00 pollen removals per flower in urban populations, compared to 1.41 at natural populations), while pollen deposition, fruit production, and seed production were unchanged by urbanization. Thus, suggesting that the more abundant pollinators in more urbanized areas were effective at removing pollen, but ineffective at depositing pollen, resulting in no change in reproductive output (i.e., equal fruit and seed production). The results of this study suggest that increased urbanization can variably impact various steps in the pollination process, thus stressing the importance of studying multiple pollination aspects in tandem.