Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:40:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joaquina.pdf: 2746466 bytes, checksum: 26e2e3ace022f72854c458f4d98e789b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-06 / This Amazon Society and Culture Program research had as general objective: to analyze, in the linguistic plan, the action of the citizens referring to the family, in the social paper of father and mother, in the agricultural community Laguinho Nossa Senhora do Carmo - Maués/AM. For this we needed to fulfill the specifics objectives, that aimed to: describe the speech marks of the person (1ª. - I, 3ª. - he and plural - we) from the speech of men and women (father and mother); to identify the voices that mark the polifony in the speech construction of men and women. The research field was a located agricultural community in the Brazilian City of the Amazon State - Maués, which is in the right edge of the River Maués-Açu, at a distance of 268 km, straight-line, and 356 km, for the fluvial way, from Manaus. To better understand the social relations in the agricultural communities in the Amazon were brought to the discussion Djalma Batista (2006/2007) and Darcy Ribeiro (2006). Referring to the city of Maués, literature is still scarce, but authors as Lorens (1992) and a collection organized for the Museum of the Person (2007) had helped in the reflection regarding this space. In the social analyses, Bourdieu (2007/2008) and Santos, Boaventura (2008) had given the theoretical support. Also other referring authors of the speech analysis and the social study of the language had assisted the development of this research, such as: Maingueneau, (2001, 2008), Possenti (2008-2009), Orlandi (2007/2009), Fiorin (2007-2008), Citelli (2005) and the thesis of doctoring of Sena (1997). The base of the speech analysis was made from Benveniste (2005, 2006), Ducrot (1987) and Bakhtin (2006, 2010). The comment was made through the direct contact of the researcher with the citizens of the community Laguinho Nossa Senhora do Carmo, having searched to understand situations that cannot be apprehended only with the interview. The methodology was composed for three related stages: 1) knowledge of the city of Maués from websites and books; 2) recognition of the community from talkies and observations of the researcher, since the documentation of the related community was not found; 3) Talkies with the community following a script of interview to form the corpus of the research; 4) transcription of the speeches; 5) data analysis from the indicated studies above. 16 people in the total had been interviewed, being 4 men and 4 women (between 18 and 25 years), 4 men and 4 women (between 26 and 75 years). This number corresponds to 26.6% of citizens with this delimitation. This work is divided in three chapters that search to fulfill the considered objectives: the first one called: The trip that leads of the speech to the actions of the citizen of an agricultural community in the Amazon , the second that has as title: To be somebody in life: marks of the person in the speech segments of men and women and the third: Ideology and Polifony: the speech echoes in the social construction of the citizen / Esta pesquisa do Programa Sociedade e Cultura na Amazônia teve como objetivo geral: analisar, no plano lingüístico, a ação dos sujeitos referente à família, no papel social de pai e mãe, na comunidade rural Laguinho Nossa Senhora do Carmo Maués/AM. Para isso precisou cumprir os objetivos específicos, voltados para: descrever as marcas discursivas da pessoa (1ª. eu, 3ª. ele e plural - nós) a partir do discurso de homens e mulheres (pai e mãe); identificar as vozes que marcam a polifonia na construção discursiva de homens e mulheres. O campo de pesquisa foi uma comunidade rural localizada no Município brasileiro do Estado do Amazonas Maués, o qual se situa na margem direita do Rio Maués-Açu, à distância de 268 km, em linha reta, e 356 km, pela via fluvial, de Manaus. Para entender melhor as relações sociais nas comunidades rurais na Amazônia foram trazidos ao debate Djalma Batista (2006/2007), Darcy Ribeiro (2006). No que se refere à cidade de Maués, a literatura ainda é escassa, mas autores como Lorens (1992) e uma coletânea organizada pelo Museu da Pessoa (2007) ajudaram na reflexão a respeito desse espaço. Nas análises sociais, Bourdieu (2007/2008) e Santos, Boaventura (2008) deram o suporte teórico. Também outros autores referentes à análise do discurso e do estudo social da linguagem auxiliaram o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, tais como: Maingueneau, (2001, 2008), Possenti (2008-2009), Orlandi (2007/2009), Fiorin (2007-2008), Citelli (2005) e a tese de doutoramento de Sena (1997). A base da análise do discurso foi feita a partir de Benveniste (2005, 2006), Ducrot (1987) e Bakhtin (2006, 2010). A observação foi feita através do contato direto da pesquisadora com os sujeitos da comunidade Laguinho Nossa Senhora do Carmo, buscando entender situações que não podem ser apreendidas somente com a entrevista. A metodologia foi composta por três etapas que estão relacionadas: 1) conhecimento da cidade de Maués a partir de sites e livros; 2) reconhecimento da comunidade a partir de conversas e observação da pesquisadora, já que não foi encontrada documentação da referida comunidade; 3) conversas com a comunidade seguindo um roteiro de entrevista para formar o corpus da pesquisa; 4) transcrição das falas; 5) análise dos dados a partir dos estudos indicados acima. Foram entrevistadas 16 pessoas no total, sendo 4 homens e 4 mulheres (entre 18 e 25 anos), 4 homens e 4mulheres (entre 26 e 75 anos). Esse número corresponde à 26,6 % de sujeitos com essa delimitação. Este trabalho está dividido em três capítulos que buscam cumprir os objetivos propostos: o primeiro denominado: A viagem que leva do discurso às ações do sujeito de uma comunidade rural na Amazônia , o segundo que tem como título: Ser alguém na vida: marcas da pessoa nos segmentos discursivos de homens e mulheres e o terceiro: Ideologia e Polifonia: os ecos discursivos na construção social do sujeito .

Historically, American farmers have been identified as white, middle-aged, working- to middle-class, men who reside in rural environments to grow large expanses of corn, soybeans, or wheat. However, this dissertation questions this fraught representation of past farmers and introduces a new identity in contemporary American agriculture - Young Farmers. Usually, Young Farmers are first-generation agriculturalists, who hold small parcels of land, produce a diverse assortment of crops, and adopt items of rural material culture to better perform as farmers. Additionally, they believe their lifestyles and their existences are dependent upon interactions with their local environments and members of their communities. By focusing on these individuals, this study examines how American farmers, the environments they inhabit, the goods they produce, and the locations they distribute their products have changed, especially after the most recent Farm Crisis in the 1980s.<div><br></div><div>To best understand these alterations, this dissertation offers an exploration of three farmers market locations in Michigan's Lower Peninsula to highlight and compare the social, cultural, environmental, and economic shifts occurring in the agricultural community. Arguably, farmers markets provide Young Farmers a space to meet prospective consumers and to distribute their products to them. Likewise, these site are a venue for Young Farmers to develop successful systems of community with other people involved with small-scale farming. Throughout this dissertation, I layer ethnographic and historical archive data with quantitative metrics, such as U.S. Census Bureau data to better explain demographic shifts occurring across Michigan's farming landscape. Additionally, I critically analyze images associated with past and current representations of individuals involved with agriculture to address how Young Farmers redefine themselves culturally and participate in methods of food and economic sustainability. By studying and understanding the codependence of the people and place who comprise farmers and farming communities in a representative location like Michigan, I recognize the relevance of the Midwest as a crossroads of contemporary American agriculture. </div>

This research examines the history of a small Florida agricultural community over the course of the twentieth century from a rhetorical perspective in order to understand the technological and communicative transitions that governed the development of American agricultural production. By examining archival and oral histories, this research will add to our understandings of how written and oral communications temper the relationships and social situations of an agricultural community, including the knowledge-making and technological adaptation resulting from communications within the community and with outside institutions and entities. Agricultural villages are not isolated entities, but rather sites of multiple rhetorical situations, and farmers do not farm alone, but inside an ecosystem of networked knowledges, practices, and traditions. Thus, the history of a singular farming community may serve as a rhetorical microcosm of modern American agriculture's evolution over the course of the twentieth century, and provide some mindfulness concerning the social, technological, and natural ecologies that act and interact within modern farming communities. This dissertation will use rhetorical genre theory and ideas of local literacies to examine the written and oral discourses that run through these ecologies for the purpose of tracing the relationships between the sponsors of agricultural ideas and technologies and the local farmers who interpreted, employed, and modified them. In addition, this project purports to add to digital history-making research through the construction of an historical archival website to which community members can add their voices. The Samsula Historical Archive creates an online nexus where community members can document, organize, and preserve the history of the community, offering a portal supporting multiple narratives and perspectives. Each family has its own stories and perspectives on historical happenings; by bringing these together in one databased location, the layers and interconnections will become clearer and perhaps stimulate further memories and insights. A discussion of the rhetorical choices faced in constructing such an artifact may also help future researchers embarking on such a project.

This dissertation concerns the development of the MicroWave Radiometer (MWR) brightness temperature (Tb) algorithm and the associated algorithm validation using on-orbit MWR Tb measurements. This research is sponsored by the NASA Earth Sciences Aquarius Mission, a joint international science mission, between NASA and the Argentine Space Agency (Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, CONAE). The MWR is a CONAE developed passive microwave instrument operating at 23.8 GHz (K-band) H-pol and 36.5 GHz (Ka-band) H- and V-pol designed to complement the Aquarius L-band radiometer/scatterometer, which is the prime sensor for measuring sea surface salinity (SSS). MWR measures the Earth's brightness temperature and retrieves simultaneous, spatially collocated, environmental measurements (surface wind speed, rain rate, water vapor, and sea ice concentration) to assist in the measurement of SSS. This dissertation research addressed several areas including development of: 1) a signal processing procedure for determining and correcting radiometer system non-linearity; 2) an empirical method to retrieve switch matrix loss coefficients during thermal-vacuum (T/V) radiometric calibration test; and 3) an antenna pattern correction (APC) algorithm using Inter-satellite radiometric cross-calibration of MWR with the WindSat satellite radiometer. The validation of the MWR counts-to-Tb algorithm was performed using two years of on-orbit data, which included special deep space calibration measurements and routine clear sky ocean/land measurements.