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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

An alkaline process for obtaining high yields of pulp from aspen wood

Davis, Roy L. 06 1900 (has links)
No description available.
2

Alkaline degradation of methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside and methyl 2-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside

Nault, James J. 01 January 1979 (has links)
No description available.
3

A comprehensive mechanism for anthraquinone mass transfer in alkaline pulping

Samp, James Christian 05 May 2008 (has links)
A mechanism for the mass transfer of anthraquinone (AQ) into wood during alkaline pulping has been developed. Although the chemistry of action of AQ is well-developed, there has not been much work conducted on its diffusion properties. The discrepancies between different experiments with AQ indicate that something other than the chemistry is at work. Because most of the differences arise from differences in pulping conditions, it is likely that mass transfer is the source of these discrepancies. A model system was therefore developed to explore the mass transfer properties of AQ. It was shown that AQ must be reduced to anthrahydroquinone (AHQ) at the membrane surface before any permeation of a membrane can occur. It was also shown that increasing surface coverage of the membrane through AQ particle size reduction could improve the rate of membrane permeation. The mechanism described by the model system was then tested against pulping data. It was shown that the addition of surfactants increases the pulping efficiency of AQ. This is probably through better dispersion of AQ particles to cover more chip surface area. Bulk reduction effects were also tested, and it was shown that bulk phase reducing agents decrease the efficacy of AQ in pulping. This led to the development of the mechanism for AQ diffusion in alkaline pulping.
4

Estudo da influência de carga alcalina na polpação Soda com pré-hidrólise de eucalyptus urograndis para produção de etanol, lignina e furfural /

Moriyama, Aline Tomie Poglitsch January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Gustavo Ventorim / Resumo: O conceito de biorrefinaria surgiu do intuito de diminuir a dependência dos produtos oriundos do petróleo e seus consequentes problemas ambientais. Pesquisas buscam técnicas e materiais que substituam a matéria prima de origem fóssil por biomassa, agregando valor a produtos de origem renovável ou que anteriormente seriam descartados. A produção de combustíveis de 2ª geração (como bioetanol) possibilita o repasse de um custo razoável ao setor de transporte devido ao uso de matéria prima de baixo custo. A composição de forte associação entre celulose, hemicelulose e lignina exige uso de um método de pré-tratamento que atenue a interação entre os componentes da biomassa e facilite a conversão em bioprodutos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a combinação de pré-tratamentos, auto-hidrólise e polpação soda na obtenção de pasta celulósica a partir de cavacos de eucalipto. Esta polpa passa por processo de hidrólise ácida liberando açúcares que, na presença de microrganismos específicos (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) são fermentados a etanol. Cavacos de eucalipto pré-tratados por auto-hidrólise passaram por cozimentos soda em concentração de álcali ativo de 20%, 23% e 26%, estudando-se a influência da concentração de álcali no rendimento de produção de bioetanol. A polpação utilizando 20% de álcali ativo produziu rendimento de 130,30 L de etanol a partir de uma tonelada de cavacos, tendo maior impacto no rendimento que as polpações de 23% de álcali ativo, que foi responsável por um... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The concept of biorefinery appear from the idea of reducing dependence on petroleum products and their consequent environmental problems. Researches seek techniques and materials that substitute the feedstock of fossil origin for biomass, adding value to products of renewable origin or that would previously be discarded. The production of second-generation fuels (such as bioethanol) makes it possible to pass along a reasonable cost to the transportation sector due to low cost raw materials use. The strong association between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin requires a pretreatment method that attenuates the interaction between biomass components and facilitates the conversion into bioproducts. It was studied the combination of, auto-hydrolysis and soda pulping (alkaline) pre-treatments to efficiently obtain cellulose must go through acid hydrolysis process. This pulp after being hydrolized liberates sugars that, in the presence of specific microorganisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), could be fermented to ethanol. Eucalyptus pretreated by auto-hydrolysis method were treated by soda pulping in active alkali concentration of 20%, 23%b and 26%, studying the influence of the alkali concentration on the yield of bioethanol. Pulping using 20% active alkali yielded 130,30L of ethanol from one ton of chips, which has better impact than the 23% active alkali pulping, which was responsible for a production of 118,8 L of ethanol and 26% active alkali pulping that produced 101,9L. All y... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
5

Estudo de aperfeiçoamento do sistema de tratamento de condensado contaminado da produção de celulose / Study of improving a foul condensate treatment of pulp production

Simão, Geraldo 31 July 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T14:01:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1024607 bytes, checksum: d790e435733c38f369dea4a0231609b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-31 / The industry of Kraft pulp production process generates large amount of foul condensate. Such condensates are potential pollutants impacting on investment, cost of operation and maintenance, power consumption, cost of chemical in the process, water consumption, effluent generation and odor. Systems useful for treatment of foul condensates from a Kraft pulp mill are formed by stripping systems which are columns of removing volatile contaminants condensed with the use of steam or air. This study aimed at improving the process of treating contaminated condensate in a plant of bleached eucalyptus Kraft pulp, existing, which presented poor treatment of condensate and due to this low efficiency did not use the total amount of treated condensate in the process, generating higher costs and increased effluent load. An assessment of the design data and operation of each of the three systems of stripping the existing plant. The variables and process controls, and offers technical alternatives for the treatment of contaminated condensate as well as use indicated of the entire treated condensate. / A indústria de produção de polpa celulósica Kraft gera no processo grandes volumes de condensados contaminados, oriundos do processo de cozimento e da evaporação de licor negro. Tais condensados são potenciais agentes poluidores impactando em investimentos, custo de operação e manutenção, consumo de energia, gasto de insumos químicos no processo, consumo de água, além de geração de efluente e odor. Sistemas usuais de tratamento de condensados contaminados de uma fábrica de polpa Kraft são formados por sistemas de extração de gases, que são colunas de remoção dos contaminantes voláteis dos condensados com uso de vapor ou ar. Este estudo teve como objetivo o aperfeiçoamento do processo de tratamento de condensado contaminado em uma planta de polpa Kraft de eucalipto branqueada, existente, que apresentava deficiência no tratamento dos condensados e, por conta desta baixa eficiência, não utilizava todo o condensado tratado no processo, gerando maiores custos e uma maior carga para o efluente. Foi realizada uma avaliação dos dados de projeto e de operação de cada um dos três sistemas de extração de gases da planta existente. Foram avaliadas as variáveis de processo e os controles e propostas alternativas técnicas para o tratamento do condensado contaminado bem como a utilização para todo o condensado tratado. Como resultado, foram identificadas as alterações que deverão ser executadas nos sistemas de tratamento de condensado e as alternativas para o uso de todo do condensado tratado, tendo como resultado a redução de custos e impactos ambientais.

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