The name of my thesis is Alternatives of unconditional sentence of imprisonment. Because of a very wide range of alternative of unconditional sentence of imprisonment, I concentrated on suspended sentence, community service, house arrest and fine. I tried to present proposals base on studying laws, judicial decisions, czech and foreign literature. My compulsory work also examines legal regulations in the other countries in order to confrontation with Czech legal regulation and contains de lege ferenda reflections. The Austrian legal regulations of alternatives to imprisonment have been chosen for the purpose of this work, because their systems are close to the system of Czech criminal law. The thesis is divided into six chapters and some of them are divided into subchapters for better clarity. The first chapter is concerned with the concept of punishing. It is subdivided into two other parts. The first one deals with term of the punishment and the second one describes the purpose of the punishment. The second chapter looks into the alternative forms in criminal law in general. This chapter is also subdivided into four parts, which describs one by one the development of the alternative forms, their system, the concept of restorative justice and last but not least the activity of the Probation and...

L’émergence de la justice restaurative est le résultat d’une certaine inefficacité de la justice pénale classique. Le concept de la justice restaurative propose de répondre d’une façon novatrice à la criminalité et aux conflits. La justice restaurative se révèle être aujourd’hui une voie prometteuse de consolidation de l’harmonie sociale. Elle cherche à soutenir toutes les personnes impliquées (les victimes, les délinquants et les membres de la communauté), à leur donner des possibilités de participer et de communiquer et ainsi à favoriser une démarche de réparation afin de rétablir les liens sociaux brisés suite à l’infraction. Ces travaux de thèse ont pour objectif de connaître et comprendre la justice restaurative, les modalités et les mesures rencontrées notamment en France et en Thaïlande. À cet effet, nous avons posé deux questions centrales, à savoir : Quel est le cadre général et juridique de la justice restaurative ? ainsi que : Quelles sont les mesures existantes déclinées pour la mise en œuvre de la justice restaurative ? Grâce aux réponses apportées à ces questions, nous pourrons mieux connaître et comprendre la justice restaurative en France et en Thaïlande. / The emergence of restorative justice is the result of inefficiency of the classic criminal justice process. The concept of restorative justice offers innovative approach to crime and conflict. It appears to be a promising way to consolidate social harmony by supporting all the people involved (victims, offenders and community members). Restorative justice gives them opportunities to participate and communicate; and encourages a process of repair in order to mend the broken society bonds caused by offense. The aim of this thesis is to know about and understand terms and measures encountered during restorative justice programme in Thailand and in France. To do this, we need to answer two questions: what are the general and legal frameworks of restorative justice? and what are the existing measures implemented on the restorative justice? The answers of these questions should give us a better understanding of the restorative justice of both countries.