This study will provide background information about the region of Bangladesh, more specifically the coastal rural area of Bangladesh. This region has due to the global warming become a very disaster-prone region where disaster resilience work has become increasingly relevant. Displacement of the rural coastal population due to disasters is an ongoing issue in Bangladesh which inhibits the large urbanization the capital city, Dhaka faces. This has increased the need of housing which has stimulated the brick industry that has increased its contribution to Bangladesh GDP the last years. Though the brick industry has traditionally been dominated by environmentally unfriendly methods that has caused deforestation and severe air pollution contributing to the cause of its demand creating a negative feedback loop. This study will analyse four different building materials including the traditional one by collecting data, creating analyse models and discussing them to find a more financial, environmental and technical suitable alternative to respond to the current situation to try turn the tide focusing on the rural coastal areas of Bangladesh.

This study will provide background information about the region of Bangladesh,more specifically the coastal rural area of Bangladesh. This region has due to theglobal warming become a very disaster-prone region where disaster resilience workhas become increasingly relevant. Displacement of the rural coastal population dueto disasters is an ongoing issue in Bangladesh which inhibits the large urbanization the capital city, Dhaka faces. This has increased the need of housing which has stimulated the brick industry that has increased its contribution to BangladeshGDP the last years. Though the brick industry has traditionally been dominated by environmentally unfriendly methods that has caused deforestation and severe air pollution contributing to the cause of its demand creating a negative feedbackloop. This study will analyse four different building materials including the tradition alone by collecting data, creating analyse models and discussing them to find a more financial, environmental and technical suitable alternative to respondto the current situation to try turn the tide focusing on the rural coastal areas of Bangladesh.

A extração cada vez maior de recursos da natureza e o grande volume de lixo descartado nos aterros sanitários alertam para a necessidade de se promover a reciclagem e a reutilização de resíduos para se gerarem novos materiais, inclusive, no setor da construção civil. Com base nisso e a partir de um estudo sobre as obras arquitetônicas em que Shigeru Ban construiu painéis de vedação com tubos de papelão, este trabalho desenvolveu uma proposta de painéis de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão e fez uma avaliação do seu desempenho estrutural visando a sua utilização no Brasil. Foram realizados ensaios técnicos para avaliar o painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto, no que se refere à sua resistência mecânica e ao seu comportamento quando submetido às principais ações sofridas por um painel de vedação vertical. Também foi construída uma célula-teste para avaliar o desempenho técnico e estrutural do painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto quando submetido a situações reais de exposição. Os dados obtidos em ambas as avaliações foram levados em consideração para verificar o desempenho geral do painel que se propôs, possibilitando concluir se este é apto ao seu emprego na construção civil no Brasil, e sugerir alguns usos e aplicações para o mesmo. / The increasing extraction of nature resources and the large volume of waste discarded in landfills call for the need to promote recycling and reuse of waste to create new materials, inclusive in the construction industry. Considering this aspect and from a study of the architectural masterpieces where Shigeru Ban built sealing cardboard tubes panels, this study developed a proposal for vertical sealing cardboard tubes panels and assessed their structural performance having in mind their use in Brazil. Technical tests were conducted to evaluate the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel regarding its mechanical resistance and behavior when submitted to the main actions suffered by a vertical sealing panel. A test cell was also built to evaluate the structural and technical performance of the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel when submitted to real exposure situations. Data obtained in both evaluations were taken into consideration to verify the general performance of the proposed panel, allowing to conclude whether this is suitable for being used in civil construction in Brazil, and to suggest some usage and applications for it.

A extração cada vez maior de recursos da natureza e o grande volume de lixo descartado nos aterros sanitários alertam para a necessidade de se promover a reciclagem e a reutilização de resíduos para se gerarem novos materiais, inclusive, no setor da construção civil. Com base nisso e a partir de um estudo sobre as obras arquitetônicas em que Shigeru Ban construiu painéis de vedação com tubos de papelão, este trabalho desenvolveu uma proposta de painéis de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão e fez uma avaliação do seu desempenho estrutural visando a sua utilização no Brasil. Foram realizados ensaios técnicos para avaliar o painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto, no que se refere à sua resistência mecânica e ao seu comportamento quando submetido às principais ações sofridas por um painel de vedação vertical. Também foi construída uma célula-teste para avaliar o desempenho técnico e estrutural do painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto quando submetido a situações reais de exposição. Os dados obtidos em ambas as avaliações foram levados em consideração para verificar o desempenho geral do painel que se propôs, possibilitando concluir se este é apto ao seu emprego na construção civil no Brasil, e sugerir alguns usos e aplicações para o mesmo. / The increasing extraction of nature resources and the large volume of waste discarded in landfills call for the need to promote recycling and reuse of waste to create new materials, inclusive in the construction industry. Considering this aspect and from a study of the architectural masterpieces where Shigeru Ban built sealing cardboard tubes panels, this study developed a proposal for vertical sealing cardboard tubes panels and assessed their structural performance having in mind their use in Brazil. Technical tests were conducted to evaluate the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel regarding its mechanical resistance and behavior when submitted to the main actions suffered by a vertical sealing panel. A test cell was also built to evaluate the structural and technical performance of the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel when submitted to real exposure situations. Data obtained in both evaluations were taken into consideration to verify the general performance of the proposed panel, allowing to conclude whether this is suitable for being used in civil construction in Brazil, and to suggest some usage and applications for it.

Durch die Novellierung der AbfKlärV im Jahr 2017 wurde die bodenbezogene Nutzung von Klärschlamm stark eingeschränkt. Dadurch rückt dessen thermische Verwertung zunehmend in den Vordergrund, wobei durch eine Mitverbrennung Nährstoffe verloren gehen. Diese Arbeit betrachtet alternative Möglichkeiten zur stofflichen Verwertung, wie den Einsatz als Rekultivierungsmaterial auf Deponien in Form von Komposten. In die Arbeit fließt die Betrachtung von Pilzkultursubstraten als weiterer Zuschlagstoff ein, da diese aufgrund von Hygienisierungsvorschriften ebenfalls meist thermisch verwertet werden und auch hier wichtige Nährstoffe verloren gehen. Weiterhin wird untersucht, ob Deponieflächen generell für den Anbau von Bewuchs geeignet sind und insbesondere, ob auf derartig rekultivierten Flächen Rohstoffgewinnung aus Energiepflanzen möglich ist. Dafür wurden verschiedene Materialmischungen hergestellt und in Pflanzversuchen unter Laborbedingungen sowie im Freiland und in geotechnischen Versuchen auf ihre Eignung überprüft. Es wird gezeigt, dass Deponien ein Flächenpotential darstellen und diese auch für Bewuchs geeignet sind. Auch eignen sich die hergestellten Materialmischungen grundsätzlich als Rekultivierungsmaterial. Diese müssen aber in zukünftigen Versuchen in Hinsicht auf die Einhaltung von Grenzwerten und bspw. deren Wasserdurchlässigkeiten weiter angepasst werden, bevor die Mischungen produktiv im großen Maßstab einsetzbar sind.

Die weltweite Veränderung der klimatischen Bedingungen macht eine deutliche Verringerung des globalen Ausstoßes von Treibhausgasen unumgänglich. Der Bausektor und insbesondere die Zementherstellung sind von diesen Entwicklungen nicht ausgenommen, weshalb die Suche nach alternativen, nachhaltigen Baumaterialien verstärkt in den Fokus der Industrie und der Wissenschaft rückt. Im vorliegenden Artikel sollen einige Entwicklungstendenzen aufgezeigt und gewisse Potentiale und besondere Eigenschaften dieser Materialien hervorgehoben werden. Dabei erheben die Autoren mit diesem Aufsatz keinesfalls den Anspruch auf eine vollständige Darstellung aller bekannten Optionen, sondern er soll vielmehr zu neuen Denkansätzen motivieren und Forschungsbedarf aufzeigen.