Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TamiresCO_DISSERT.pdf: 2102694 bytes, checksum: 012c621a76fb7620be2aeb0ae8487c91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / Measures of mortality represent one of the most important indicators of health conditions. For comprising the larger rate of deaths, the study of mortality in the elderly population is regarded as essential to understand the health situation. In this sense, the present study aims to analyze the mortality profile of the population from 60 to 69 (young elders) and older than 80 years old (oldest old) in the Rio Grande do Norte state (Brazil) in the period 2001 to 2011, and to identify the association with contextual factors and variables about the quality of the Mortality Information System (SIM). For this purpose, Mortality Proportional (MP) was calculated for the state and Specific Mortality Rate by Age (CMId) , according to chapters of ICD- 10, to the municipalities of Rio Grande do Norte , through data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IGBE). In order to identify groups of municipalities with similar mortality profiles, Nonhierarchical Clustering K-means method was applied and the Factor Analysis by the Principal Components Analysis was resort to reduce contextual variables. The spatial distribution of these groups and the factors were visualized using the Spatial Analysis Areas technique. During the period investigated, 21,813 younger elders deaths were recorded , with a predominance of deaths from circulatory diseases (32.75%) and neoplasms (22.9 %) . Among the oldest old, 50,637 deaths were observed, which 35.26% occurred because of cardiovascular diseases and 17.27% of ill-defined causes. Clustering Analysis produced three clusters to the two age groups and Factor Analysis reduced the contextual variables into three factors, also the sum of the factor scores was considered. Among the younger elders, the groups are called misinformation profile, development profile and development paradox, which showed a statistically significant association with education and poverty and extreme poverty factors, factorial sum and the variable related to underreporting of deaths. Misinformation profile remained in the oldest old group, accompanied by the epidemiological transition profile and the epidemiological paradox, that were statistically associated with the development and health factor, as well as with the variables that indicate the SIM quality: proportion of blank fields about the schooling and underreporting. It proposed that the mortality profiles of the younger elders and oldest old differ on the importance of the basic causes and that are influenced by different contextual aspects , observing that 60 to 69 years group is more affected by such aspects. Health inequalities can be reduced by measures aimed to improve levels of education and poverty, especially in younger elders, and by optimizing the use of health services, which is more associated to the oldest old health situation. Furthermore, it is important to improve the quality of information for the two age groups / As medidas de mortalidade representam um dos mais importantes indicadores das condi??es de sa?de. Por concentrar a maior carga de mortes, o estudo da mortalidade da parcela idosa da popula??o se configura como essencial para a compreens?o da situa??o de sa?de. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho se prop?e a analisar o perfil de mortalidade da popula??o de 60 a 69 anos (idosos mais jovens) e de 80 anos ou mais de idade (idosos longevos) no estado do Rio Grande do Norte no per?odo de 2001 a 2011, bem como identificar os fatores contextuais e de qualidade do Sistema de Informa??es sobre Mortalidade (SIM) relacionados. Para tanto, foram calculados a Mortalidade Proporcional (MP) para o estado e o Coeficiente de Mortalidade Espec?fico por Idade (CMId), segundo cap?tulo CID-10, para os munic?pios do Rio Grande do Norte, a partir dos dados do Sistema de Informa??es sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica (IGBE). A fim de identificar os grupos de munic?pios com perfis de mortalidade similares para CMIds, foi realizada a An?lise de Conglomerados n?o Hier?rquicos do tipo K-means e, para a redu??o das vari?veis independentes contextuais, recorreu-se ? Analise Fatorial pelo m?todo de An?lise de Componentes Principais. As distribui??es espaciais de tais grupos e fatores produzidos foram visualizadas atrav?s da t?cnica An?lise Espacial de ?reas. No per?odo investigado, foram registrados 21.813 ?bitos de idosos mais jovens, com predom?nio das mortes por doen?as do aparelho circulat?rio (32,75%) e neoplasmas (22.9%). Entre os idosos longevos, foram registrados 50.637 ?bitos, sendo 35,26% por doen?as do aparelho circulat?rio e 17,27% por causas mal definidas. A An?lise de Conglomerados formou tr?s grupos para as duas faixas et?rias de interesse e a An?lise Fatorial reduziu as vari?veis independentes contextuais em tr?s fatores, sendo considerada tamb?m a soma dos escores fatoriais. Entre os idosos mais jovens, formaram-se os grupos perfil do desconhecimento, perfil do desenvolvimento e paradoxo do desenvolvimento, que obtiveram associa??o estatisticamente significativa com os fatores educa??o e pobreza, extrema pobreza, soma fatorial, e com a vari?vel relacionada ? subnotifica??o dos ?bitos. O grupo perfil do desconhecimento permaneceu na faixa et?ria longeva, acompanhado do perfil de transi??o epidemiol?gica e do paradoxo epidemiol?gico,que foram estatisticamente associado ao fator desenvolvimento e sa?de e ?s vari?veis que indicam a qualidade SIM: propor??o de campos em branco sobre a escolaridade e de sub-registro. Depreende-se que os perfis de mortalidade de idosos mais jovens e longevos apresentam diferen?as quanto ? import?ncia das causas b?sicas e que s?o influenciados por distintos aspectos contextuais, sendo os idosos de 60 a 69 anos mais afetados por tais aspectos. Medidas direcionadas ? melhoria dos n?veis de educa??o e pobreza dos munic?pios podem contribuir para a redu??o das desigualdades em sa?de relacionadas aos idosos mais jovens, principalmente, bem como a otimiza??o da utiliza??o dos servi?os de sa?de, que se relaciona mais expressivamente ao quadro de sa?de dos idosos longevos, especialmente no que diz respeito ? qualidade das informa??es para os dois grupos de idade

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-20T21:22:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RobivalAlvesRibeiro_TESE.pdf: 2206825 bytes, checksum: 2cb9e24716fd72830d590b545945791d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-22T20:33:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RobivalAlvesRibeiro_TESE.pdf: 2206825 bytes, checksum: 2cb9e24716fd72830d590b545945791d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-22T20:33:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RobivalAlvesRibeiro_TESE.pdf: 2206825 bytes, checksum: 2cb9e24716fd72830d590b545945791d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-17 / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar se ? poss?vel construir padr?es espaciais em reservat?rios de petr?leo, usando expoentes de DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) dos diferentes perfis geol?gicos como: s?nico, densidade, porosidade, resistividade e raios gama. Fizeram parte da amostra 54 po?os de petr?leo do campo de Namorado, localizados na bacia de Campos, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Com o intuito de verificar a correla??o linear, constru?ram-se matrizes de dist?ncias entre os po?os e matrizes de diferen?as entre os DFA dos po?os, comparadas duas a duas e utilizado como m?todo estat?stico o teste de Mantel. A hip?tese nula consiste em afirmar que n?o existe correla??o linear entre as estruturas espaciais formadas pelas matrizes de dist?ncias euclidianas e das diferen?as dos expoentes de DFA dos perfis geol?gicos. Os perfis s?nicos (p=0,18) e da densidade (p=0,26) foram os que revelaram uma tend?ncia ? correla??o ou correla??o fraca. Estudo complementar, utilizando o contour plot, mostra os padr?es s?nicos e da densidade compat?veis com presen?a de correla??o espacial, corroborando os revelados pelo teste de Mantel / This research aims to set whether is possible to build spatial patterns over oil fields using DFA (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis) of the following well logs: sonic, density, porosity, resistivity and gamma ray. It was employed in the analysis a set of 54 well logs from the oil field of Campos dos Namorados, RJ, Brazil. To check for spatial correlation, it was employed the Mantel test between the matrix of geographic distance and the matrix of the difference of DFA exponents of the well logs. The null hypothesis assumes the absence of spatial structures that means no correlation between the matrix of Euclidean distance and the matrix of DFA differences. Our analysis indicate that the sonic (p=0.18) and the density (p=0.26) were the profiles that show tendency to correlation, or weak correlation. A complementary analysis using contour plot also has suggested that the sonic and the density are the most suitable with geophysical quantities for the construction of spatial structures corroborating the results of Mantel test

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-02-15T13:14:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EmelynneGabriellyDeOliveiraSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 2125823 bytes, checksum: 19956fefd9994017e8d234c8b0e20e9b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-20T00:29:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EmelynneGabriellyDeOliveiraSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 2125823 bytes, checksum: 19956fefd9994017e8d234c8b0e20e9b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-20T00:29:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmelynneGabriellyDeOliveiraSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 2125823 bytes, checksum: 19956fefd9994017e8d234c8b0e20e9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-04 / O suic?dio constitui um dos tipos de mortes violentas mais incidentes no mundo e, apesar da difus?o de programas de preven??o desse agravo no Brasil, o panorama de mortalidade por essa causa no pa?s ? preocupante, principalmente em algumas regi?es em que se observa uma eleva??o no percentual de ?bitos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribui??o espa?o-temporal da mortalidade por suic?dio no estado do Rio Grande do Norte no per?odo de 2000 a 2015. Trata-se de um estudo ecol?gico misto que avaliou os ?bitos decorrentes de suic?dio registrados no Rio Grande do Norte, ocorridos no per?odo de 1? de janeiro de 2000 a 31 de dezembro de 2015. Os dados dos ?bitos foram obtidos no Sistema de Informa??o sobre Mortalidade, e as informa??es sobre popula??o foram obtidas do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica. A an?lise espacial foi realizada utilizando as taxas brutas, taxas padronizadas e taxas pelos estimadores Bayesianos. A an?lise univariada foi realizada atrav?s do ?ndice de Moran Global e Local para avaliar a intensidade e signific?ncia dos aglomerados espaciais utilizando o software Terraview 4.2. A an?lise bivariada espacial foi realizada pelo cruzamento entre as vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas e as taxas de mortalidade padronizadas por suic?dio utilizando o software GeoDa 1.6.1. Os Anos Potenciais de Vida Perdidos tamb?m foram calculados ao longo da s?rie hist?rica. Foi aplicada a Regress?o loglineal (Joinpoint regression) com taxas padronizadas (popula??o mundial) para estimar o Annual Percentage Change, o intervalo de confian?a 95% e os pontos de inflex?o da curva, a fim de verificar a tend?ncia de mortalidade por suic?dio no Rio Grande do Norte utilizando o software Joinpoint 4.5.0. A an?lise estat?stica cl?ssica foi aplicada para avaliar a correla??o entre as vari?veis do estudo e para isso utilizou-se o software SPSS 23.0. Foram registrados 2.266 ?bitos por suic?dio de 2000 a 2015, sendo a raz?o entre os sexos de 5:1 no ?ltimo ano. A an?lise espacial mostrou fraca autocorrela??o espacial para as Taxas de Mortalidade Padronizadas para ambos os sexos, com forma??o de aglomerados espaciais na Regi?o do Serid?, principalmente, para o sexo masculino. A an?lise bivariada mostrou forma??o de clusters na Regi?o do Serid? com as vari?veis IDH e Envelhecimento. Os estimadores bayesianos mostraram uma homogeneiza??o das taxas de mortalidade, sobretudo nos munic?pios com pequenos grupos populacionais. Foram perdidos 63582.5 anos potenciais de vida ao longo da s?rie hist?rica. Al?m disso, foi observada uma tend?ncia de aumento da mortalidade no sexo masculino at? o ano de 2003, seguido de um per?odo de estabilidade. Para o sexo feminino, a tend?ncia foi de estabilidade. A an?lise de vari?ncia apontou ainda para aus?ncia de diferen?as estatisticamente significativa entre as TMP e o porte dos munic?pios e regi?es de sa?de para a maioria dos anos do estudo. Conclui-se que a mortalidade por suic?dio no RN est? desigualmente distribu?da no territ?rio, estando associando espacialmente ?s ?reas com os melhores indicadores socioecon?micos. N?o h? tend?ncia significativa de aumento, por?m as diferen?as entre as regi?es do estado e de acordo com o porte dos munic?pios aumentaram ao longo da s?rie hist?rica. / Suicide is one of the most pervasive types of violent deaths in the world, and despite the diffusion of programs to prevent this condition in Brazil, the mortality situation in this country is worrying, especially in some regions where there is an increase in percentage of deaths. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of mortality by suicide in the State of Rio Grande do Norte from 2000 to 2015. This is a mixed ecological study that evaluated the suicide deaths recorded in Rio Grande do Norte , occurring in the period from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2015. Death data were obtained from the Mortality Information System, and population information was obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Spatial analysis was performed using crude rates, standardized rates and rates by Bayesian estimators. The univariate analysis was performed using the Moran Global and Local Index to evaluate the intensity and significance of the spatial clusters using the Terraview 4.2 software. The spatial bivariate analysis was performed by crossing the sociodemographic variables with mortality rates standardized by suicide using GeoDa software 1.6.1. The Potential Years of Lost Life were also calculated throughout the historical series. The regression regression with standardized rates (world population) was used to estimate the Annual Percentage Change, the 95% confidence interval and the inflection points of the curve, in order to verify the suicide mortality trend in Rio Grande using the Joinpoint 4.5.0 software. The classical statistical analysis was applied to evaluate the correlation between the variables of the study and for that the software SPSS 23.0 was used. There were 2,266 deaths from suicide from 2000 to 2015, with the ratio between the sexes being 5: 1 in the last year. Spatial analysis showed poor spatial autocorrelation for the Standardized Mortality Rates for both sexes, with formation of spatial clusters in the Serid? Region, mainly for males. The bivariate analysis showed the formation of clusters in the Serid? Region with the HDI and Aging variables. Bayesian estimators showed a homogenization of mortality rates, especially in municipalities with small population groups. 6,3582.5 potential years of life were lost throughout the historical series. In addition, there was a trend of increased male mortality up to 2003, followed by a period of stability. For females, the trend was for stability. The analysis of variance also pointed to the absence of statistically significant differences between PMT and the size of municipalities and health regions for most of the study years. It is concluded that the mortality due to suicide in the NB is unequally distributed in the territory, being associated spatially to the areas with the best socioeconomic indicators. There is no significant trend of increase, however the differences between the regions of the state and according to the size of the municipalities increased during the historical series.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseWQ_TESE.pdf: 1778874 bytes, checksum: 7ff2c9f470b5b3873803d39a321ee362 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-05 / This work demonstrates the importance of using tools used in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial data analysis (SDA) for the study of infectious diseases. Analysis methods were used to describe more fully the spatial distribution of a particular disease by incorporating the geographical element in the analysis. In Chapter 1, we report the historical evolution of these techniques in the field of human health and use Hansen s disease (leprosy) in Rio Grande do Norte as an example. In Chapter 2, we introduced a few basic theoretical concepts on the methodology and classified the types of spatial data commonly treated. Chapters 3 and 4 defined and demonstrated the use of the two most important techniques for analysis of health data, which are data point processes and data area. We modelled the case distribution of Hansen s disease in the city of Mossor? - RN. In the analysis, we used R scripts and made available routines and analitical procedures developed by the author. This approach can be easily used by researchers in several areas. As practical results, major risk areas in Mossor? leprosy were detected, and its association with the socioeconomic profile of the population at risk was found. Moreover, it is clearly shown that his approach could be of great help to be used continuously in data analysis and processing, allowing the development of new strategies to work might increase the use of such techniques in data analysis in health care / O presente trabalho demonstra a import?ncia do uso de ferramentas relacionadas ? sistemas de informa??o geogr?fica (SIG) e an?lise espacial de dados (AED) em estudos de doen?as infecciosas. M?todos de an?lise foram usados para descrever de forma mais abrangente a distribui??o espacial de doen?as a partir da incorpora??o do elemento geogr?fico na an?lise. No Cap?tulo 1 relata-se a evolu??o hist?rica da aplica??o destas t?cnicas no campo da sa?de humana e elege-se a hansen?ase no estado do Rio Grande do Norte como exemplo de aplica??o. No Cap?tulo 2 introduzem-se alguns conceitos te?ricos b?sicos sobre a metodologia e classificam-se os tipos de dados espaciais comumente tratados. Os Cap?tulos 3 e 4 definem e demonstram a utiliza??o das mais importantes t?cnicas de an?lise para os dois principais tipos de dados encontrados na sa?de, quais sejam dados de processos pontuais e dados de ?rea, focalizando como estudo de caso a hansen?ase na cidade de Mossor? RN. Na an?lise, ? priorizada a utiliza??o do sistema R, disponibilizando-se scripts de rotinas e procedimentos de an?lise desenvolvidos pelo autor que podem ser facilmente utilizados por pesquisadores de diversas ?reas. Como resultados pr?ticos, importantes ?reas de risco da hansen?ase em Mossor? foram detectadas e sua forte associa??o com o perfil socioecon?mico da popula??o sob risco foi constatada. Al?m disso, estima-se que este trabalho possa vir a incrementar a utiliza??o de tais t?cnicas na an?lise de dados na ?rea de sa?de

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:43:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GenycleaSO_DISSERT.pdf: 2009007 bytes, checksum: 19a6d4fcd41f06f499ef6b4431291aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-17 / In Brazil, despite the decline in infant mortality in recent decades it still has high rates going against recommended by WHO. Being the largest percentage of infant mortality rate composed of neonatal deaths. Objective: A study was conducted to analyze the spatial distribution of neonatal mortality and its correlation with the biological, socioeconomic and maternal and child health care in the Brazilian states in the period from 2006 to 2010. Method: The study made thematic maps and correlation (LISA) for verification of spatial dependence and multiple linear regression models. Results: Was found that there is no spatial autocorrelation for neonatal mortality in the Brazilian states (R = 0.002, p = 0.48). Most of variables were correlated (r> 0.3, p <0.05) with neonatal mortality, forming clusters in the North and Northeast, with the highest rates of teenage mothers, low household income per capita, lower prenatal appointments and beds of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The number of Neonatal UCI beds remained independent effect after regression analysis. Conclusion: The study concludes that regional inequalities in living conditions and especially the access to maternal and child health services contribute to the unequal distribution of neonatal mortality in Brazil / No Brasil, apesar do decl?nio da mortalidade infantil nas ?ltimas d?cadas esta ainda possui altas taxas indo de encontro ao preconizado pela OMS. Sendo o maior percentual da taxa de mortalidade infantil composto pelos ?bitos neonatais. Objetivo: Realizou-se um estudo para analisar a distribui??o espacial da mortalidade neonatal e sua correla??o com os fatores biol?gicos, socioecon?micos e de aten??o ? sa?de materno-infantil nos estados brasileiros, no per?odo de 2006 a 2010. Desenho: ecol?gico, utilizando os estados brasileiros e o Distrito Federal como unidades de an?lise. M?todo: Foram constru?dos mapas tem?ticos e de correla??o (LISA) para verifica??o de depend?ncia espacial e modelos de regress?o linear m?ltipla. Resultados: Verificou-se que n?o h? autocorrela??o espacial para mortalidade neonatal nos estados brasileiros (I =0,002; p=0,48). A maioria das vari?veis estavam correlacionadas (r >0,3, p<0,05) com a mortalidade neonatal, formando clusters em estados do Norte e Nordeste, com maiores taxas de m?es adolescentes, renda domiciliar per capta baixa, menor realiza??o de consultas de pr?-natal e de leitos de UTI Neonatal. O n?mero de leitos de UTI Neonatal manteve efeito independente ap?s a an?lise de regress?o. Conclus?o: As desigualdades regionais das condi??es de vida e principalmente de acesso aos servi?os de sa?de materno-infantil contribuem para a distribui??o desigual da mortalidade neonatal no Brasil