Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 suhet_mi_dr_jabo.pdf: 911264 bytes, checksum: 71199b02b3ed48730d7b117d1868bb6d (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP) / A criação intensiva de peixes tem se tornado popular, mas a dependência de arraçoamento pode enriquecer o ambiente com nutrientes, comprometendo a qualidade da água e predispondo os peixes a doenças. Streptococcus e Aeromonas são bactérias que acometem peixe em criações intensivas, podendo ocasionar mortalidade. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência de uma criação de tilápias do nilo em tanques-rede nos parâmetros de qualidade da água e na ocorrência de Streptococcus spp. e Aeromonas spp. na água e nos peixes em uma lagoa na região Sudeste do Brasil. Foram definidos para as amostragens dois locais, a lagoa, para coleta de água e os tanques-rede, para coleta de água e peixes e dois períodos, seco e chuvoso. Os dados obtidos da qualidade da água foram avaliados por indicadores estabelecidos na Resolução Conama nº 357, para corpos de água doce de classe 2. A presença de Streptococcus spp. e Aeromonas spp. foi avaliada por identificação fenotípica e a identificação das espécies, por provas bioquímicas. Isolados foram avaliados para produção de hemolisina utilizando ágar sangue e teste de resistência a antimicrobianos conforme o método de difusão de discos. A atividade de criação intensiva de peixes aumentou a concentração de fósforo total da água no período seco, ocorrência de Streptococcus spp. no ambiente e a população de Aeromonas spp. na superfície dos peixes. No período chuvoso, houve maior isolamento das espécies potencialmente patogênicas, Aeromonas hydrophila na superfície e no rim dos peixes, A. caviae, A. sobria, A veronii, A. jandaei e Streptococcus agalactiae na superfície dos peixes, quando também ocorreu aumento da concentração de N-amoniacal e depleção acentuada da concentração de oxigênio dissolvido na água, e isso pode ter sido a causa da mortalidade de peixes nos tanquesrede... / Intensive fish farming is becoming more and more popular, but dependency on ration feeding increases nutrient load of the water, affects its quality and predisposes fish to diseases. Streptococcus and Aeromonas are bacteria that can affect fish in intensive farms and cause mortality. This study aims at evaluating the impact of a nile tilapia net-cage farm on the water quality parameters and the occurrence of Streptococcus spp. and Aeromonas spp. in the water and on the fish, in a pond in Southeastern Brazil. Two sampling sites were defined, one in the pond and another in the net cages to collect water, and water and fish, respectively. Sampling took place during two periods, dry and rainy. Water quality data were analyzed according to standards set by Conama resolution nº 357, for freshwater bodies class 2. Streptococcus spp. and Aeromonas spp. were determined by phenotypic and species identification using biochemical tests. Isolates were evaluated for hemolysin production using blood agar and antimicrobial resistance test according to disk diffusion method. Intensive fish farming increased the amount of phosphorus in water, Streptococcus spp. occurrence in the environment and Aeromonas spp. population on fish surface as well, during dry periods. During the rainy season, more potentially pathogenic bacteria were isolated such as, Aeromonas hydrophila on fish surface and kidneys, A. caviae, A. sobria, A veronii, A. jandaei and Streptococcus agalactiae on fish surface. An increase of N-ammoniacal was also observed together with severe depletion of dissolved oxygen, which may have caused fish mortality in the net-cages. Production of b-hemolysis was greater for aeromonas species isolated from the water and fish kidneys, while for streptococci it was higher in isolates from fish surface. The species Aeromonas veronii, A. hydrophila, A. jandaei, A. sobria A. caviae and Streptococcus agalactiae... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Surtos de listeriose têm sido causa de preocupação para indústrias de alimentos e profissionais da saúde. Os testes de rotina para detecção de Listeria sp em alimentos são demorados e envolvem o uso de meios de cultura seletivos para enriquecimento e semeadura. Neste estudo, a presença de Listeria sp, em amostras de produtos cárneos, foi investigada por testes imunológicos rápidos (Tecra® Listeria VIA, Tecra® Listeria UNIQUE e BioControl VIP® para Listeria) e pelo método clássico (Health Protection Branch, Canadá). A concordância entre o método clássico e os testes rápidos foi estabelecida com limite de 95% de confiança. Verificou-se que os testes VIA e VIP® são de fácil execução e rápidos, além de apresentarem desempenho comparável ao do método clássico, independentemente do alimento avaliado. O teste UNIQUE apresentou desempenho variável com a amostra e gerou um número elevado de resultados positivos falsos, o que dificulta seu emprego. / Outbreaks of human listeriosis have been a cause of concern to the food industry and health professionals. The routine methods for detecting Listeria sp in foods are time-consuming and involve the use of selective enrichments and culturing on selective agars. In this study, the presence of Listeria sp in 120 meat and meat products samples was investigated by three rapid immunoassays (Tecra® Listeria VIA, Listeria UNIQUE and BioControl VIP®.+ for Listeria) and a cultural procedure. The detection of Listeria sp by the cultural method was done according to Canada\'s Health Protection Branch Method and the detection using rapid tests was done following the manufacturers\' instructions. The agreement between cultural and rapid tests was established at a confidence limit of 95%. Eighty-one samples (67.5%) were Listeria sp positive by at least one of the four methods. L. monocytogenes was present in 49.2% of the samples. Sixty-four samples (53.3%) were positive by the cultural procedure. For the rapid tests, 62 (51.7%) were VIA positive, 65 (54.2%) were VIP® positive and 41 (50.2%) were UNIQUE positive. Fifty-five samples (45,8%) were positive by the cultural method and VIA simultaneously, 55 (45.8%) by the cultural method and VIP® and 35 (43.2%) by the cultural and UNIQUE. VIA detected 4 positive samples that were not detected by any of the other methods, while VIP detected 7 positive samples and UNIQUE only 2. VIA and VIP® tests are fast and easy to execute. They also performed similarly to the cultural method despite the food matrix. UNIQUE, on the other hand, was strongly influenced by the sample type and generated a high number of false positive results what makes its use unpractical.

Surtos de listeriose têm sido causa de preocupação para indústrias de alimentos e profissionais da saúde. Os testes de rotina para detecção de Listeria sp em alimentos são demorados e envolvem o uso de meios de cultura seletivos para enriquecimento e semeadura. Neste estudo, a presença de Listeria sp, em amostras de produtos cárneos, foi investigada por testes imunológicos rápidos (Tecra® Listeria VIA, Tecra® Listeria UNIQUE e BioControl VIP® para Listeria) e pelo método clássico (Health Protection Branch, Canadá). A concordância entre o método clássico e os testes rápidos foi estabelecida com limite de 95% de confiança. Verificou-se que os testes VIA e VIP® são de fácil execução e rápidos, além de apresentarem desempenho comparável ao do método clássico, independentemente do alimento avaliado. O teste UNIQUE apresentou desempenho variável com a amostra e gerou um número elevado de resultados positivos falsos, o que dificulta seu emprego. / Outbreaks of human listeriosis have been a cause of concern to the food industry and health professionals. The routine methods for detecting Listeria sp in foods are time-consuming and involve the use of selective enrichments and culturing on selective agars. In this study, the presence of Listeria sp in 120 meat and meat products samples was investigated by three rapid immunoassays (Tecra® Listeria VIA, Listeria UNIQUE and BioControl VIP®.+ for Listeria) and a cultural procedure. The detection of Listeria sp by the cultural method was done according to Canada\'s Health Protection Branch Method and the detection using rapid tests was done following the manufacturers\' instructions. The agreement between cultural and rapid tests was established at a confidence limit of 95%. Eighty-one samples (67.5%) were Listeria sp positive by at least one of the four methods. L. monocytogenes was present in 49.2% of the samples. Sixty-four samples (53.3%) were positive by the cultural procedure. For the rapid tests, 62 (51.7%) were VIA positive, 65 (54.2%) were VIP® positive and 41 (50.2%) were UNIQUE positive. Fifty-five samples (45,8%) were positive by the cultural method and VIA simultaneously, 55 (45.8%) by the cultural method and VIP® and 35 (43.2%) by the cultural and UNIQUE. VIA detected 4 positive samples that were not detected by any of the other methods, while VIP detected 7 positive samples and UNIQUE only 2. VIA and VIP® tests are fast and easy to execute. They also performed similarly to the cultural method despite the food matrix. UNIQUE, on the other hand, was strongly influenced by the sample type and generated a high number of false positive results what makes its use unpractical.