No / The ability to provide support to a group of designers, analysts and other users who are collaborating on an evolving design requires the dual capabilities of managing options for an individual designer while at the same time managing the dependencies between different sets of designer's options. For example, if designer A is creating a design for a helicopters hydraulics system and this is dependent on electrical power (EP) from a sub-system from designer B then how can the workflows, decisions and options of the two designers be managed so that each can understand the implications of their own design decisions and more importantly the implications and design decisions they force on others? The proposed CAPS system employs two dependency reasoning engines: one handles quantitative values and other qualitative ones. The quantitative engine can identify that a motor with an output of 3000 rpm allows a generator to output 100 V or that a hydraulic pump is dependent on the 240v output of the motor. Alternatively, the qualitative engine could rule out several motors options if the overall design state that the weight of a helicopter's transmission needs to be comparable to that of the engine or the positioning of a sensor makes it susceptible to an EM process that could affect its function. A mapping capability is provided allowing analysis to be passed between the two engines. Three different types of dependency-based quantitative engine designs have been developed and evaluated. The first quantitative engine design focuses on modeling components at their output level and propagating level values from component to component, component to sub-system, etc. The second quantitative engine design focuses on modeling components at the node level so as to identify key components, sub-systems, etc. in terms of their overall dependency to the design. The third engine employs a hybrid of the previous two approaches and was identified through feedback from designers. These engines are designed to be complimentary with the node-based and hybrid approaches being used to identify the key capabilities and dependencies of the design. The output-based approach is then used to explore in greater detail the outputs and dependencies of the components and sub-systems identified as key via the node/hybrid-based approach. The proposed CAPS architecture has been initially evaluated against a large collaborative design task involving the design of a helicopter's electrical, hydraulic, structural and mechanical systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3556.pdf: 8245198 bytes, checksum: 0dfe1f35fde33ff7eaec7e2a58bad619 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-23 / The scientific collaboration is one of the indicators to measure the development of research and progress in scientific discoveries. Serves, in other words, in conjunction with other indicators to measure and understand how science develops and direct investment in research. In this study area in particular, nanotechnology, the analysis of scientific collaboration network, converges to an alternative interpretation of the implementation of the Nanotechnology Brazilian Network. This study seeks to analyze the Brazilian scientific collaboration using the methodology of network analysis, together with the technique for generating bibliometric indicators of collaboration in the field of nanotechnology with data extracted from the database Web Of Science in the period 1998 to 2009. To guarantee this, it was necessary to experiment in different view settings for the network organization with the support of the representation of networks in specific software for Social Network Analysis (UCINET) and covalidation results with an expert participating in the network in search of information for the results obtained.These results show the comparison between the main actors of the network using the measures of Degree Centrality, Degree of Intermediation and Degree of Proximity evaluate the role and the relationship between authors and countries in terms of external collaboration and institutionsresearch and Brazilian states in terms of internal collaboration. It also pointed to the involvement of institutions of the State of São Paulo, especially UFSCar, this issue.Concludes by highlighting the importance of the use of methodological tools for evaluating the collaborative process of research and showing changes in the profile collaborative in the Nanotechnology in the analyzed period, which occurs in parallel with the implementation of the network in Brazil. / A colaboração científica é um dos indicadores para se mensurar o desenvolvimento das pesquisas e o progresso nas descobertas científicas. Serve, em outras palavras, em conjunto com outros indicadores, para dimensionar e compreender como a ciência se desenvolve e direcionar os investimentos nestas pesquisas. Na área em especial deste estudo, a Nanotecnologia, a análise da rede de colaboração científica, converge como uma alternativa para interpretação da implementação da Rede Brasileira de Nanotecnologia. O presente estudo busca analisar a colaboração científica brasileira fazendo uso da metodologia de Análise de Redes Sociais juntamente com a técnica bibliométrica para a geração de indicadores de colaboração na área de Nanotecnologia com dados extraídos da base de dados Web Of Science no período de 1998 a 2009. Para tal feito, foi necessário o experimento em diferentes configurações de visualização da organização em rede com o apoio da representação das redes em software específico de Análise de Redes Sociais (UCINET) e a covalidação dos resultados com um especialista participante da rede na busca de esclarecimentos para os resultados obtidos. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram a comparação entre os principais atores da rede utilizando as medidas de Grau de Centralidade, Grau de Intermediação e Grau de Proximidade na avaliação da participação e do relacionamento dos autores e países do ponto de vista da colaboração externa e das instituições de pesquisa e de Estados Brasileiros do ponto de vista da colaboração interna. Foi destacada a participação das instituições do Estado de São Paulo, em especial a UFSCar, neste tema. Conclui destacando a importância da utilização de instrumentos metodológicos para a avaliação do processo colaborativo de pesquisas e mostrando as alterações no perfil colaborativo na área de Nanotecnologia no período analisado e que ocorre em paralelo com a implementação da rede no Brasil.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:44:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4903.pdf: 2933968 bytes, checksum: cc5907b0bc35e6120efe3bb870dd9aaa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-04 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The researcher is responsible as the main objective of expanding knowledge that in order to actualize it as a contribution to science must be recognized and understood by other scientists. Thus, the possibility of shared work and adds value to the integrated object searched. Given this, reflect on Special Education and Speech interface becomes important compared to the current context of joint work and collaboration that pervades the scientific world. Thus, this research aimed to identify the theoretical frameworks used by the authors of dissertations and theses in the Graduate Program in Special Education, Federal University of São Carlos (PPGEs/UFSCar), interface and Special Education Speech during the years 1981 to 2009, and to analyze the scientific collaboration networks formed in the publication of books, book chapters and articles that characterize the interface. The research proposal was kind of investigative documentary with an exploratory-descriptive way. We used two different methods: a bibliometric analysis and social network analysis. In bibliometric analysis, data were extracted from 96 studies components of the interface screen (78 dissertations and theses 18). Moreover, the analysis of scientific collaboration networks, data were extracted from the Lattes platform of Lattes from 73 authors that have characterized the interface, selection was focused on three formats: book publishing, book chapters and articles. As a preliminary result we can observe that the networks of collaboration showed distinct characteristics in the three formats of publications, especially in the form of books that the networks formed by the authors found themselves disconnected because the formats of book chapters and articles, there collaboration to occur among different authors with different trait. However, the themes that developed were the most frequently targeted for the hearing impaired, wrapped in greater inter-institutional relations between university degree UFSCar, USP and UEL. It is hoped that the analysis of the collaborative networks can contribute as facilitator and promoter of research, so that the interface is strengthened and the relationship between the two sciences pervade other subjects, also important for the growth of both areas. / Ao pesquisador compete o principal objetivo de ampliar conhecimentos que, para se efetivarem como contribuições à ciência devem ser reconhecidas e compreendidas por outros cientistas. Sendo assim, a possibilidade do trabalho compartilhado e integrado agrega valor ao objeto pesquisado. Diante disso, refletir sobre a interface existente entre a Educação Especial e Fonoaudiologia torna-se importante, frente ao contexto atual de trabalho conjunto e colaborativo que permeia o mundo científico. Desse modo, esta pesquisa objetivou identificar os referencias teóricos utilizados pelos autores das dissertações e teses defendidas no Programa de pós-graduação em Educação Especial da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (PPGEEs/UFSCar), na interface Educação Especial e Fonoaudiologia, durante os anos de 1981 a 2009; bem como analisar as redes de colaboração científica formadas nas publicações de livros, capítulos de livros e artigos, que caracterizam essa interface. A pesquisa proposta foi do tipo documental com um caminho investigatório exploratório-descritivo. Utilizaram-se dois métodos distintos: a análise bibliométrica e a análise de redes sociais. Na análise bibliométrica, os dados foram coletados de uma amostra disponíveis no Sistema da Biblioteca Comunitária da UFSCar - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações composta por 15 teses e 25 dissertações, componentes da interface em tela representada pelos 96 trabalhos. Foram analisados em três núcleos: Interface, Educação Especial e Fonoaudiologia, observou-se a preferência por referenciais atualizados; busca por periódicos de visibilidade e prestígio para as áreas e a utilização de teóricos distintos em cada núcleo. Por outro lado, na análise de redes de colaboração científica, os dados foram extraídos da Plataforma Lattes, do Currículo Lattes de 73 autores que caracterizaram a interface, a seleção foi focada em três formatos: publicações de livros, capítulos de livros e artigos. Como resultado observou-se que as redes de colaboração apresentaram características distintas nos três formatos de publicações. No entanto, as temáticas que se desenvolveram com maior frequência no âmbito das colaborações foram às voltadas para os deficientes auditivos; as relações interinstitucionais em maior grau entre as universidades nacionais UFSCar, USP e UEL. Espera-se que a análise de citação e a análise das redes de colaboração possam contribuir como instrumento facilitador e promotor de pesquisas, para que a interface seja fortalecida e as relações entre as duas ciências perpassem por outras temáticas, também importantes para o crescimento de ambas as áreas.

Like other countries of the world, Costa Rica faced the challenge of dealing with a variety of trade-offs when implementing sustainability goals in agriculture. Very often, economic promotion is in conflict with goals regarding human and environmental health protection. Organic farming practices could provide strategies to overcome some of these trade-offs. However, in Costa Rica, the majority of farmers still relies on conventional farm practices. In this paper, I investigate the potential for a sustainable transformation in Costa Rica’s agriculture by focusing on organic farming policies. I shed light on the role local actors and organizations play in this process compared to other actor types. I argue that local actors are “the agents of change” in these processes, as these are the target groups of organic farming policies and are the ones who are asked to change their farm practices. Based on survey data and network analysis, I was able to illustrate how differently integrated local actors are compared to other actor types in Costa Rica’s implementation of organic farming policies. Local actors show interest and willingness to further participate in land-use implementation processes when institutional barriers are alleviated, and further promotion instruments are available.