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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Modeling and Control of Parametric Roll Resonance

Holden, Christian January 2011 (has links)
Parametric roll resonance is a dangerous resonance phenomenon affecting several types of ships, such as destroyers, RO-RO paxes, cruise ships, fishing vessels and especially container ships. Worst case, parametric roll is capable of causing roll angles of at least 50 degrees, and damage in the tens of millions of US dollars. Empirical and mathematical investigations have concluded that parametric roll occurs due to periodic changes in the waterplane area of the ship. If the vessel is sailing in longitudinal seas, with waves of approximately the same length as the ship, and encounter frequency of about twice the natural roll frequency, then parametric resonance can occur. While there is a significant amount of literature on the hydrodynamics of parametric roll, there is less on controlling and stopping the phenomenon through active control. The main goal of this thesis has been to develop controllers capable of stopping parametric roll. Two main results on control are presented. To derive, analyze and simulate the controllers, it proved necessary to develop novel models. The thesis thus contains four major contributions on modeling. The main results are (presented in order of appearance in the thesis): Six-DOF computer model for parametric roll One-DOF model of parametric roll for non-constant velocity Three-DOF model of parametric roll Seven-DOF model for ships with u-tanks of arbitrary shape Frequency detuning controller Active u-tank based controller for parametric roll
2

Teoria de funções elípticas e aplicações em soluções de sistemas periódicos em mecânica / Theory of elliptic functions and applications in periodic system solutions in mechanics

Bergamo, José Vinícius Zapte 24 April 2018 (has links)
Submitted by JOSE VINICIUS ZAPTE BERGAMO (vinni.zapte@gmail.com) on 2018-05-21T01:27:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Final.pdf: 1512028 bytes, checksum: 03a7fa4505560dd5c8c218ebc20d5c7a (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br), reason: A ficha catalográfica deve ser solicitada à biblioteca, pelo site: http://ib.rc.unesp.br/#!/biblioteca/biblioteca/ , clicar em Serviços, Ficha Catalográfica. A ficha catalográfica só pode ser elaborada por um bibliotecário. De acordo com a Resolução CFB nº 184/2017 de 29/09/2017 – na Ficha catalográfica deve constar o nome do Bibliotecário/CRB, e ser elaborada de acordo com as normas vigentes segundo à AACR2. É proibido perante a lei (Art. 297 – Código Penal) qualquer alteração documental, sem autorização do Bibliotecário responsável. DA FALSIDADE DOCUMENTAL: (I) FALSIDADE DE DOCUMENTO PUBLICO ART. 297: Falsificar, no todo ou em parte, documento publico, ou alterar documento publico verdadeiro: Pena – reclusão, de dois a seis anos, e multa. DOCUMENTO PUBLICO: é aquele elaborado por funcionário publico, de acordo com as formalidades, e desempenho de suas funções. Art. 232, CPP - Consideram-se documentos quaisquer escritos, instrumentos ou papéis, públicos ou particulares. Obs: O arquivo da dissertação também está com várias páginas em branco. Favor removê-las. on 2018-05-21T16:44:27Z (GMT) / Submitted by JOSE VINICIUS ZAPTE BERGAMO (vinni.zapte@gmail.com) on 2018-05-22T21:00:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão final.pdf: 2094478 bytes, checksum: d2ae82de50952a7c6fd4a2c3bcfafa7a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-05-23T11:37:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bergamo_jvz_me_rcla.pdf: 2053307 bytes, checksum: 136b1ac8c78bcede6e781522c69ee3c6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-23T11:37:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bergamo_jvz_me_rcla.pdf: 2053307 bytes, checksum: 136b1ac8c78bcede6e781522c69ee3c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-24 / É bem conhecido que em Mecânica Analítica muitos problemas integráveis não tem primitivas escritas em forma de funções elementares, tais como: corpo rígido assimétrico em rotação livre; pêndulo esférico, entre outros. O uso de funções elípticas faz-se necessário para se buscar soluções analíticas desses problemas. Neste trabalho, faremos primeiramente uma revisão da teoria dessas funções adotando como referência alguns textos clássicos. Feito isso, estudaremos a formulação de problemas de dinâmica, a saber o pêndulo simples e o pião simétrico. Por fim, com as integrais desses problemas em mãos, iremos determinar suas soluções com o uso das funções elípticas de Jacobi e Weierstrass. / It is well known that in Analytical Mechanics many simple integrable problems cannot be written in terms of elementary functions, such as: rigid asymmetrical body in free rotation, spherical pendulum, among others. The use of elliptic functions becomes necessary in order to obtain analytical solutions of these problems. In this work, we present a review of the theory of these functions accordingly to some classical texts. In the sequence, we study two problems of mechanics: the simple pendulum and the symmetrical top. Finally, we will determine the solutions to these problems using of the Jacobi and Weierstrass elliptic functions.
3

A contribution on modeling methodologies for multibody systems. / Contribuição em metodologias de modelagem para sistemas multicorpos.

Orsino, Renato Maia Matarazzo 01 April 2016 (has links)
Multibody System Dynamics has been responsible for revolutionizing Mechanical Engineering Design by using mathematical models to simulate and optimize the dynamic behavior of a wide range of mechanical systems. These mathematical models not only can provide valuable informations about a system that could otherwise be obtained only by experiments with prototypes, but also have been responsible for the development of many model-based control systems. This work represents a contribution for dynamic modeling of multibody mechanical systems by developing a novel recursive modular methodology that unifies the main contributions of several Classical Mechanics formalisms. The reason for proposing such a methodology is to motivate the implementation of computational routines for modeling complex multibody mechanical systems without being dependent on closed source software and, consequently, to contribute for the teaching of Multibody System Dynamics in undergraduate and graduate levels. All the theoretical developments are based on and motivated by a critical literature review, leading to a general matrix form of the dynamic equations of motion of a multibody mechanical system (that can be expressed in terms of any set of variables adopted for the description of motions performed by the system, even if such a set includes redundant variables) and to a general recursive methodology for obtaining mathematical models of complex systems given a set of equations describing the dynamics of each of its uncoupled subsystems and another set describing the constraints among these subsystems in the assembled system. This work also includes some discussions on the description of motion (using any possible set of motion variables and admitting any kind of constraint that can be expressed by an invariant), and on the conditions for solving forward and inverse dynamics problems given a mathematical model of a multibody system. Finally, some examples of computational packages based on the novel methodology, along with some case studies, are presented, highlighting the contributions that can be achieved by using the proposed methodology. / A Dinâmica de Sistemas Multicorpos tem sido responsável por revolucionar projetos de Engenharia Mecânica pela utilização de modelos matemáticos para simulação e otimização do comportamento dinâmico de uma ampla gama de sistemas mecânicos. Estes modelos matemáticos não somente podem fornecer valiosas informações acerca de um sistema que caso contrário poderiam ser obtidas somente através de experimentos com protótipos, como também têm sido responsável pelo desenvolvimento de diversos sistemas de controle baseados em modelo. Este trabalho representa uma contribuição para a modelagem dinâmica de sistemas mecânicos multicorpos por meio do desenvolvimento de uma nova metodologia modular e recursiva que unifica as principais contribuições de diversos formalismos da Mecânica Clássica. A razão para propor tal metodologia é motivar a implementação de rotinas computacionais para a modelagem de sistemas mecânicos multicorpos complexos sem depender de pacotes de software de código fechado e, consequentemente, contribuir para o ensino de Dinâmica de Sistemas Multicorpos nos níveis de graduação e pós-graduação. Todos os desenvolvimentos teóricos são baseados em e motivados por uma revisão crítica da literatura, conduzindo a uma forma matricial geral das equações dinâmicas de movimento de um sistema mecânico multicorpos (que podem ser expressas em termos de qualquer conjunto de variáveis adotado para a descrição dos movimentos realizados pelo sistema, ainda que tal conjunto inclua variáveis redundantes) e a uma metodologia recursiva geral para a obtenção de modelos matemáticos de sistemas complexos, dado um conjunto de equações descrevendo a dinâmica de cada um de seus subsistemas desacoplados e outro descrevendo os vínculos entre estes subsistemas (no sistema) quando acoplado. Este trabalho também inclui algumas discussões acerca da descrição de movimentos (utilizando qualquer conjunto admissível de variáveis de movimento e admitindo qualquer tipo de vínculo que seja passível de descrição por invariantes), e das condições para a solução dos problemas de dinâmica direta e inversa dado um modelo matemático de um sistema multicorpos. Finalmente, alguns exemplos de pacotes computationais baseados na nova metodologia, juntamente com alguns estudos de caso, são apresentados, ressaltando as contribuições que podem ser alcançadas por meio do uso da metodologia proposta.
4

A contribution on modeling methodologies for multibody systems. / Contribuição em metodologias de modelagem para sistemas multicorpos.

Renato Maia Matarazzo Orsino 01 April 2016 (has links)
Multibody System Dynamics has been responsible for revolutionizing Mechanical Engineering Design by using mathematical models to simulate and optimize the dynamic behavior of a wide range of mechanical systems. These mathematical models not only can provide valuable informations about a system that could otherwise be obtained only by experiments with prototypes, but also have been responsible for the development of many model-based control systems. This work represents a contribution for dynamic modeling of multibody mechanical systems by developing a novel recursive modular methodology that unifies the main contributions of several Classical Mechanics formalisms. The reason for proposing such a methodology is to motivate the implementation of computational routines for modeling complex multibody mechanical systems without being dependent on closed source software and, consequently, to contribute for the teaching of Multibody System Dynamics in undergraduate and graduate levels. All the theoretical developments are based on and motivated by a critical literature review, leading to a general matrix form of the dynamic equations of motion of a multibody mechanical system (that can be expressed in terms of any set of variables adopted for the description of motions performed by the system, even if such a set includes redundant variables) and to a general recursive methodology for obtaining mathematical models of complex systems given a set of equations describing the dynamics of each of its uncoupled subsystems and another set describing the constraints among these subsystems in the assembled system. This work also includes some discussions on the description of motion (using any possible set of motion variables and admitting any kind of constraint that can be expressed by an invariant), and on the conditions for solving forward and inverse dynamics problems given a mathematical model of a multibody system. Finally, some examples of computational packages based on the novel methodology, along with some case studies, are presented, highlighting the contributions that can be achieved by using the proposed methodology. / A Dinâmica de Sistemas Multicorpos tem sido responsável por revolucionar projetos de Engenharia Mecânica pela utilização de modelos matemáticos para simulação e otimização do comportamento dinâmico de uma ampla gama de sistemas mecânicos. Estes modelos matemáticos não somente podem fornecer valiosas informações acerca de um sistema que caso contrário poderiam ser obtidas somente através de experimentos com protótipos, como também têm sido responsável pelo desenvolvimento de diversos sistemas de controle baseados em modelo. Este trabalho representa uma contribuição para a modelagem dinâmica de sistemas mecânicos multicorpos por meio do desenvolvimento de uma nova metodologia modular e recursiva que unifica as principais contribuições de diversos formalismos da Mecânica Clássica. A razão para propor tal metodologia é motivar a implementação de rotinas computacionais para a modelagem de sistemas mecânicos multicorpos complexos sem depender de pacotes de software de código fechado e, consequentemente, contribuir para o ensino de Dinâmica de Sistemas Multicorpos nos níveis de graduação e pós-graduação. Todos os desenvolvimentos teóricos são baseados em e motivados por uma revisão crítica da literatura, conduzindo a uma forma matricial geral das equações dinâmicas de movimento de um sistema mecânico multicorpos (que podem ser expressas em termos de qualquer conjunto de variáveis adotado para a descrição dos movimentos realizados pelo sistema, ainda que tal conjunto inclua variáveis redundantes) e a uma metodologia recursiva geral para a obtenção de modelos matemáticos de sistemas complexos, dado um conjunto de equações descrevendo a dinâmica de cada um de seus subsistemas desacoplados e outro descrevendo os vínculos entre estes subsistemas (no sistema) quando acoplado. Este trabalho também inclui algumas discussões acerca da descrição de movimentos (utilizando qualquer conjunto admissível de variáveis de movimento e admitindo qualquer tipo de vínculo que seja passível de descrição por invariantes), e das condições para a solução dos problemas de dinâmica direta e inversa dado um modelo matemático de um sistema multicorpos. Finalmente, alguns exemplos de pacotes computationais baseados na nova metodologia, juntamente com alguns estudos de caso, são apresentados, ressaltando as contribuições que podem ser alcançadas por meio do uso da metodologia proposta.
5

Holonomic versus nonholonomic constraints

Flygare, Mattias January 2012 (has links)
Courses in analytical mechanics for undergraduate students are often limited to treatment of holonomic constraints, which are constraints on coordinates. The concept of nonholonomic constraints, constraints on velocities, is usually only mentioned briefly and it is easy to get a wrongful idea of what they are and how to treat them. This text explains and compares the methods of deriving the Euler-Lagrange equations and the consequences when imposing different kinds of constraints. One way to properly treat both holonomic and nonholonomic constraints is given, pinpointing the difficulties and common errors. Along the way, the treatment in local coordinates is also put in more modern terms, in the language of differential geometry, which is the language most commonly used in modern texts on the subject.
6

Analytical and numerical modelling of undulatory locomotion for limbless organisms in granular/viscous media

Rodella, Andrea 26 August 2020 (has links)
Undulatory locomotion is a common and powerful strategy used in nature at different biological scales by a broad range of living organisms, from flagellated bacteria to prehistoric snakes, which have overcome the complexity of living in ”flowable” media. By taking inspiration from this evolution-induced strategy, we aim at modelling the locomotion in a granular and viscous environment with the objective to provide more insights for designing robots for soil-like media exploration. Moreover, in contrast to common types of movement, the granular locomotion is still not well understood and is an open and challenging field. We approached this phenomenon with several tools: (i.) numerically, via coupling the Finite Element Method (FEM) with the Discrete Element Method (DEM) using ABAQUS; (ii.) analytically, by employing the Lagrangian formalism to derive the equations of motion of a discrete and continuous system subject to non-conservative forces, and (iii.) experimentally, by creating an ad-hoc set up in order to observe the migration of microfibres used for the treatment of spinal cord injuries. The computational attempts to model the motion in a granular medium involved the simulation of the dynamics of an elastic beam (FEM) surrounded by rigid spherical particles (DEM). A propulsion mechanism was introduced by sinusoidally forcing the beam’s tip normally to the longitudinal axis, while the performance of the locomotion was evaluated by means of a parametric study. Depending on the parameters of the external excitation, after a transient phase, the slender body reached a steady-state with a constant translational velocity. In order to gain physical insights, we studied a simplified version of the previous continuous beam by introducing a discrete multi-bar system. The dynamics of the latter was analytically derived, by taking into account the forces exchanged between the locomotor and the environment, according to the Resistive Force Theory. By numerically solving the equations of motion and evaluating the input energy and dissipations, we were able to define the efficiency and thus provide an effective tool to optimise the locomotion. It is worth mentioning that the two approaches, despite the different physical hypothesis, show a qualitatively and quantitatively good accordance. The numerical and analytical models previously analysed have shown promising results for the interpretation of "ad-hoc" experiments that demonstrate the migration of a microfibre embedded in a spinal cord-like matrix. This migration needs to be avoided, once the regenerative microfibre is implanted in the lesioned spinal cord, for the sake of the patients health.
7

Dynamique des systèmes de solides rigides avec impacts et frottement / Multibody dynamics with impacts and friction

Charles, Alexandre 27 September 2013 (has links)
Avec en perspective l’application à la robotique ou à l’étude des milieux granulaires, nous discutons la formulation des problèmes de contacts avec frottement en dynamique et pour les systèmes constitués de solides rigides. L’approche usuelle est event driven et ne permet pas d’écrire de manière systématique un problème d’évolution. Ceci a motivé l’émergence d’une nouvelle approche dans le cas sans frottement que nous généralisons au cas avec frottement. Suivant le point de vue de Lagrange sur l’équation de la dynamique, nous mettons en exergue l’usage systématique des puissances virtuelles et de la dualité. Ce parti-pris suggère de mettre l’accent sur l’effort généralisé de réaction dans la formulation et non sur les forces de réactions locales dans le monde réel, comme il est usuel. Ce point de vue permet d’échapper à des pathologies connues sous le nom de paradoxe de Painlevé. / In the view of robotics or granular media mechanics, we question the statement of the dynamical evolution problem for multibody systems with contacts and friction. The usual approach is event driven and does not allow to state an evolution problem in a systematic way. This matter of fact gave rise to a new approach in the frictionless case we generalize to the case with friction. Sticking to the point of view of Lagrange on the equation of the dynamics, we emphasize the systematic use of virtual powers and duality. This bias suggests to put emphasis on generalized reaction forces in the statement of the evolution problem and not on local reaction forces of the real world, as it is usual in practice. This point of view allows to escape from pathologies known as Painlevé paradox.

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