De praktiker och föreställningar som hör samma med den magiska verkligheten under etiketten ”witchcraft” verkar öka i popularitet i dagens Afrika. Medan vissa postmoderna antropologer har tolkat fenomenet som en kritisk kommentar mot moderniseringsprocesser är det troligt att föreställningen om den magiska verkligheten kan göra anspråk på fler uttryck än så. Syftet med den här undersökningen är att analysera hur informanternas syn på andebesättelse i en Luo-dominerad kristen evangelisk församling i Kibera, kan tolkas utifrån vissa ekonomiska, sociala och kulturella processer. Jag undersöker hur andebesättelse kan förstås med hjälp av informanternas förhållande till och synen på hemmet, familjen, könsroller, staden, landsbygden, avundsjuka och framgång. I analysen tolkas informanternas föreställningar om andebesättelse utifrån rörelser mellan de kenyanska gränserna rikedom/fattigdom, stadsliv/landsbygd och offentligt/privat. Andebesättelse kan därefter förstås som en slags medlare mellan dessa gränser, där de som befinner sig mellan någon av dessa oppositioner tenderar att vara särskilt utsatta för andliga attacker. / The notion of witchcraft seems to grow in popularity in the contemporary Africa. While some postmodern anthropologists have interpreted the phenomenon as a critical commentary on the processes of modernization, it is likely to be able to claim more than that. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the notion of spirit possession by the informants in a Luo dominated evangelical church in Kibera, and how it may be interpreted through certain economic, social and cultural processes. This is made by investigating the views on the home, family, gender roles, urban, rural, jealousy and prosperity. The informant’s notion of spirit possession is interpreted in the analyse as movements across the Kenyan boundaries of rural/urban, public/private and rich/poor. Spirit possession is understood as a mediator between these boundaries, and those who is found to be in between some of these oppositions tend to be most vulnerable to spirit attacks.

<p>Possession is a transcultural and transhistorical phenomena that in recent times appears to have had a resurge within western culture. Heavily laden with controversy, incredulity and prejudice possession is not readily dealt with, although many people present in parishes and for psychiatric treatment with symptoms and disturbances that need to be addressed promptly with up-to-date skill and discernment. Lack of interest and practise has been the rule not only in secular science but in major religious contexts as well. An increasing amount of literature highlights the lack of efficient psychiatric and religious response. In this work traditional Christian perspectives on possession were related to recent Psychiatric and Parapsychological results, definitions and conclusions, the aim being to enhance and enrich our understanding of what is being interpreted as an involuntary influence of malevolent spirits on human beings. The method of the study was based on reflexivity, including aspects of phenomenological analysis, critical theory and postmodern theory. It was shown that a clear line can no longer be drawn between science and spirituality as concerning possession, its cure and its etiology; that exorcism and other methods of spirit-expulsion have a not insignificant actuality in international psychiatry of today as a remedy for certain states of dissociative disorders, and that these methods are considered extremely powerful. The study also focused on agents responsible for treating people with related symptoms, religious as well as seculars, and on the need for continued interdisciplinary study and approach to the phenomena of possession. It was stressed that our understanding of this issue is in dire need of revision.</p>

Possession is a transcultural and transhistorical phenomena that in recent times appears to have had a resurge within western culture. Heavily laden with controversy, incredulity and prejudice possession is not readily dealt with, although many people present in parishes and for psychiatric treatment with symptoms and disturbances that need to be addressed promptly with up-to-date skill and discernment. Lack of interest and practise has been the rule not only in secular science but in major religious contexts as well. An increasing amount of literature highlights the lack of efficient psychiatric and religious response. In this work traditional Christian perspectives on possession were related to recent Psychiatric and Parapsychological results, definitions and conclusions, the aim being to enhance and enrich our understanding of what is being interpreted as an involuntary influence of malevolent spirits on human beings. The method of the study was based on reflexivity, including aspects of phenomenological analysis, critical theory and postmodern theory. It was shown that a clear line can no longer be drawn between science and spirituality as concerning possession, its cure and its etiology; that exorcism and other methods of spirit-expulsion have a not insignificant actuality in international psychiatry of today as a remedy for certain states of dissociative disorders, and that these methods are considered extremely powerful. The study also focused on agents responsible for treating people with related symptoms, religious as well as seculars, and on the need for continued interdisciplinary study and approach to the phenomena of possession. It was stressed that our understanding of this issue is in dire need of revision.