Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal. / The present study on the colonies of Andros is driven by the need to increase our knowledge of the northern colonies as a whole. Northern Greece is the least well documented of the regions which were reached by the 8th and 7th c. B.C. Greek colonists. Not only does the study of the Andrian colonies augment the available documentation on the northern Greeks, it also provides an opportunity to examine one mother-city's overall colonization process. Through the sum of ancient sources and archaeological data pertaining to the four Andrian colonies, the study attempts to lay out the socio-economic history of the colonies as a whole and as separate entities. Such aspects as: 1) The foundation dates; the colonization process; 2) the relations with the indigenous populations; and 3) the economic relations with the other Greek colonies in the region, as well as the major centers of the Greek mainland, are examined. There is first question of the colonizing enterprises undertaken by Eretria, Chalcis, and Paros so that a general understanding of the overall colonization of the northern Aegean coast can be obtained. The resulting synthesis helps fill in the gaps in the history of the Andrian colonies caused by the lack of primary sources for the latter, whether they be literary or archaeological. The socio-economic history of the colonies from the time of their foundation to the end of the 5th c. B.C. which is based on the analysis of the preliminary study of the Parian and Euboean colonization in the north, the ancient sources, and the archaeological remnants, taken in conjunction with what is known of the indigenous population, is the end result of the study. Though literary sources date the foundation of the colonies to 655/54, based on the archaeological evidence available, it is established that the colonies were founded within the 3rd quarter of the 7th c. B.C. An orderly pattern of colonization seems to have prevailed in that the colonies were established successively in accordance with the previous colonization efforts by the city-states of Euboea and the pre-established sea route the geographical emplacement of Andros imposes. Therefore, Sane, situated on the isthmus of Acte, and apparently colonized with the help of the Chalcidians, was the first to be settled, then came in order, Akanthos, Stagira, Argilos, and perhaps Tragilos. It is concluded, with relative probability, That Tragilos was also an Andrian colony established in the lst half of the 6th century. It has also been deemed highly probable that the colonies, after the initial foundation of Sane, were in part settled by land and that Thracian tribes, residing at both extremities of the Andrian periphery, undoubtedly contributed in the actual colonization process. The 6th and 5th centuries witnessed the gradual increase of commercial importance of the northern colonies reflected, in the lst half of the 6th c. by the influx of Corinthian pottery, no doubt due to the foundation of Potidaea, and of Thasian pottery. The trend of growing commercial interactions is characterized in the 2nd half of the 6th c. with the marked presence of Athenian pottery and the start of coining at three of the four colonies. Spurred by the Persian and general eastern demand for silver, Stagira and Akanthos began to mint coins around 530 B.C. while Argilos, which never seemed to have direct access to silver mines, only began around 510 B.C. The fact that Sane seems to have remained coinless throughout its existence suggests that it was primarily a settlement of an agricultural nature and that Akanthos may actually have exerted a hegemony of sorts over it. Strong bonds with the east meant that the Akanthian coin production was dominant in the area as of the end of the last Persian War until their production ceased in 380 B.C., ousting Stagira out of the picture during the course of this period. Argilos ceased production as of the middle of the 5th century which is to be attributed to a shift in Athenian interest in the region represented by the drop of the tribute to be paid to Athens by Argilos from 10.5 talents to 1 talent in 116/5, the increase from 3 talents to 30 talents in the Thasian tribute for the same year, the foundation of Amphipolis, and the Athenian presence at Berge which has been closely linked to the minting of coins at Tragil os. As the Athenian empire began to dwindle following the Peloponnesian Wars, the history of the colonies becomes intertwined with that of the growing Macedonian power which, by the middle of the 4th century would control the entire region. Overall, it would seem that Sane was commercially inactive throughout its existence, Stagira was able to exploit and profit from the nearby silver mines from the middle of the 6th c. until about 480 when it gradually started to lose importance to Akanthos, which remained a strong and independent city well into the 4th century, while Argilos, though probably more important than Akanthos for part of the 5th c., regretfully became insignificant, especially after the foundation of Amphipolis in 437 B.C.

Ο θεματικός πυρήνας του κεφαλαίου είναι η δομή της πλαστικής ζώνης διάτμησης του Φελλού στη Βορειοδυτική Άνδρο, η οποία μελετάται μέσα από την ανάλυση τομών. Η μελέτη αυτή είχε ως βασικούς στόχους (α) την κατανόηση της δομής και των κινηματικών χαρακτηριστικών της ζώνης διάτμησης, και (β) την καταγραφή των σταδίων κατασκευής του μυλωνιτικού ιστού. Κύριος σκοπός της μικροτεκτονικής ανάλυσης των μυλωνιτικών δειγμάτων είναι η παρουσίαση του προσανατολισμού του κινηματικού δείκτη σε σχέση με την φορά βύθισης γράμμωσης. / The core theme of the chapter is the structure of the plastic shear zone of Felloy in North Andros, which is studied through the analysis of sections.This study had as main objectives (a) the understanding of the structure and the kinematic characteristics of the shear zone, and (b) the recording of the construction stages of the tissue. The main purpose of the Microtectonics analyzing of the samples is the presentation of the orientation of the kinematic index in hense with the sink lineage.

Η γεωλογική εργασία αυτή έχει σκοπό τη χαρτογράφηση του Βορείου τμήματος, της νήσου Άνδρου μέσα από την αναγνώριση δομών. Ακόμη μέσα από την αναγνώριση των φάσεων παραμόρφωσης, αναλύονται τα εξελικτικά στάδια αυτής. Τέλος χρησιμοποιήθηκε το stereo 32 για την απεικόνιση δικτύων, όπου μέσα από αυτά οδηγηθήκαμε σε συμπεράσματα όσον αφορά τις διευθύνσεις στρωμάτων. / This geological paper has aim the mapping of Northern department,of the island Andros through the recognition of structures. Besides through the recognition of phases of deformity, are analyzed the evolutionary stages of the derfomity. Finally it was used stereo 32 for the depiction of networks, where through them we were led to conclusions with regard to the addresses of layers.

Η παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία πραγματεύεται την κινηματική ανάλυση του καλύμματος των κυανοσχιστολίθων στην ευρύτερη περιοχή του Φελλού της νήσου Άνδρου. Ο σκοπός αυτής της εργασίας είναι να χαρτογραφηθεί η Βόρεια Άνδρος και να επέλθει μια βελτίωση στην ήδη υπάρχουσα χαρτογράφηση. Σύμφωνα λοιπόν με τα δεδομένα που συλλέχθηκαν, παρατηρήθηκαν οι εξής λιθολογίες: μαρμαρυγιακοί-χαλαζιακοί-χαλαζιαστριακοί σχιστόλιθοι, επιδοτιτικοί σχιστόλιθοι και τμήματα οφιολίθων. Τοπικά στους μαρμαρυγιακούς σχιστόλιθους παρεμβάλλονταν και τεφρά ασβεστιτικά μάρμαρα που όμως το ποσοστό τους είναι μικρό και δεν τα καθιστά χαρτογραφίσιμα. / This project deals with the kinematic analysis of the Blueschist unit of Andros island.

Η εξετασθείσα περιοχή καταλαμβάνει το δυτικότερο τμήμα της βόρειας Άνδρου και περιλαμβάνει μεταμορφωμένα πετρώματα της ενότητας Μακροταντάλου. Η περιοχή μελέτης έχει έκταση περίπου 21 τ.χλμ. Περιορίζεται προς βορρά από το Ακ. Περιστέρι και το χωριό Χάρται, ανατολικά από τα χωριά Α.Γαύριο, Καρδαρά και Σιδόντα, δυτικά από την ακτογραμμή του Αιγαίου Πελάγους και νότια από την παραλία Κούρταλη και το χωριό Ξηρόκαμπο. Η περιοχή έχει λοφοειδές ανάγλυφο με μεγαλύτερα υψόμετρα κοντά στους οικισμούς Μακροτάνταλο (356) και Κ.Φελλός (198). Χαρακτηριστικό της περιοχής αποτελεί η εμφάνιση δυο διαφορετικών μυλωνιτικών ζώνων, με βάση τις οποίες η περιοχή διακρίθηκε σε τρείς ενότητες (ανώτερη, κατώτερη Α και κατώτερη Β ενότητα). Η περιοχή μελέτης ανήκει στην Ανώτερη Ενότητα (Ενότητα Μακροταντάλου, κατά Παπανικολάου 1978), η οποία επώθειται επί των υπολοίπων προς νότο αναπτυσσομένων σχηματισμών, οι οποίοι σχηματισμοί αποτελούν την κατώτερη τεκτονική ενότητα Κεντρικής – Νοτίου Άνδρου. Άρα οι τρείς ενότητες που αναφερονται παραπάνω ανήκουν στη Ανώτερη Ενότητα (Ενότητα Μακροταντάλου). Τα μεταμορφωμένα πετρωμάτα της βόρειας Άνδρου ανήκουν στην πρασινοσχιστολιθική φάση μεταμόρφωσης. / --

Bonefish (Albula spp.) support an economically important catch-and-release recreational fishery, as well as artisanal harvesting, in The Bahamas. Little is known about the large-scale movement patterns of bonefish, yet such information is essential for proper species conservation and management. I used acoustic telemetry to determine large-scale movement patterns of bonefish around Andros, Bahamas, in conjunction with presumed spawning migrations. I conclude that bonefish travel long distances from shallow flats to pre-spawning aggregation sites in proximity to off-shore reef locations. Off-shore movement to deeper reef locations occurs around both new and full moons. This study has also confirmed anecdotal reports that the North Bight is an important spawning migration corridor for bonefish. This information is critical for the protection of bonefish and identifies important habitats (e.g. migration corridors and pre-spawning aggregations) on Andros that warrant protection from coastal degradation or fishing pressures.

No description available.

A single-beam acoustic seabed classification system was used to map coral reef environments in the upper Florida Keys, USA, and the Bahamas. The system consisted of two components, both produced by the Quester Tangent Corporation. A QTCView Series V, operating with a 50 kHz sounder, was used for data acquisition, and IMPACT software was used for data processing and classification. First, methodological aspects of system performance were evaluated. Second, the system was applied to the assessment of grouper and snapper habitat. Two methodological properties were explored: transferability (i.e. mapping the same classes at multiple sites) and reproducibility (i.e. surveying one site multiple times). The transferability results showed that a two-class scheme of hard bottom and sediment could be mapped at four sites with overall accuracy ranging from 73% to 86%. The locations of most misclassified echoes had one of two characteristics: a thin sediment veneer overlying hard bottom or within-footprint relief on the order of 0.5 m or greater. Reproducibility experiments showed that consistency of acoustic classes between repeat transects over the same area on different days varied, for the most part, between 50% and 65%. Consistency increased to between 78% and 92% when clustering was limited to two acoustic classes, to between approximately 70% and 100% when only echoes acquired within two degrees of nadir in the pitch direction were used, and to between 81% and 87% when a limited set of features was used for classification. The assessment of grouper and snapper habitat addressed the question whether areas of high fish abundance were associated with characteristic acoustic or geomorphological signatures. The results showed, first, that the hard bottom / sediment classification scheme was a useful first step for stratifying survey areas to increase efficiency of grouper census efforts. Second, an index of acoustic variability complemented the hard bottom / sediment classification by further targeting areas of potential grouper habitat. Finally, five grouper and snapper spawning aggregation sites were all found to have similar associations with drowned shelf edge reefs in the upper Florida Keys.

Μια τεκτονική και δομική ανάλυση του Κυκλαδικού καλύμματος των κυανοσχιστόλιθων [CBU] και μια επιπλέον προσέγγιση στην μεταμορφική και παραμορφωτική του εξέλιξη. Περιλαμβάνεται επίσης ένας νεότερος, πιο περιεκτικός γεωλογικός χάρτης. / A tectonic and structural analysis of the cyclades blueschist unit [CBU] and a further look into its metamorphic and deformational evolution. A new, more comprehensive geological map is also included.

Observations of modern carbonate depositional environments and their accompanying depositional models have been used for decades in the reconstruction and interpretation of ancient carbonate depositional environments and stratigraphic successions. While these Holocene models are necessary for interpreting their more ancient counterparts, they inherently exclude important factors related to the erosion, diagenesis, and ultimate preservation of sediments and sedimentary structures that are ubiquitous in shallow marine carbonate environments. Andros Island, Bahamas is an ideal location to examine the validity of Holocene conceptual models, where geologically young (Late Pleistocene) limestones can be studied immediately adjacent to their well-documented modern equivalents. For this study, two 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) datasets (200 MHz and 400 MHz) were collected at a schoolyard in northwest Andros. These surveys reveal the geometries and internal characteristics of a peloidal-oolitic sand wave and tidal channel in unprecedented detail. These two prominent features are underlain by low-energy lagoonal wackestones and packstones, and are bordered laterally to the northwest by wackestones-packstones intermixed with thin sheets of peloidaloolitic grainstone. A deeper radar surface is observed at approximately 6 m depth dipping gently to the west, and is interpreted to be a karstified exposure surface delineating the base of a complete depositional sequence. Interpretation of the 3D radar volumes is enhanced and constrained by data from three cores drilled through the crest and toe of the sand wave, and through the tidal channel. This study is the first of its kind to capture the complex heterogeneity of a carbonate depositional package in three dimensions, where various depositional environments, sedimentary structures, and textures (mudstone to grainstone) have been preserved within a small volume.The results from this study suggest that the degree of vertical and lateral heterogeneity in preserved carbonate successions is often more complex than what can be observed in modern depositional environments, where sediments can generally only be observed in two dimensions, at an instant in time. Data from this study demonstrate the value of using two overlapping GPR datasets at differing resolutions to image the internal characteristics of a complete carbonate depositional package in three dimensions. From these datasets, a depositional model similar to other Holocene and Pleistocene carbonate depositional models is derived.