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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Anestesisjuksköterskans erfarenheter och strategier av att hantera medelartärtryck (MAP) under 55 mmHg under en generell anestesi : En deskriptiv intervjustudie

Short, Evelina, Short, Robert January 2022 (has links)
Bakgrund: Hypotoni är en vanlig bieffekt vid induktion av generell anestesi.  År 2018 registrerades 318 komplikationer till följd av hypotension under generell anestesi i Sverige. Medelartärtrycket (MAP) kan fås fram av beräkning med hjälp av diastoliska- och systoliska blodtrycket. Flera studier visar tydligt att låga MAP-värden samt durationen av dessa låga värden har tydlig koppling till organskada och mortalitet. Anestesisjuksköterskan har ett ansvar att ligga steget före och förebygga anestesirelaterade komplikationer.   Syfte: Att beskriva anestesisjuksköterskans erfarenheter och strategier av att hantera ett MAP under 55 mmHg hos patienter som genomgår generell anestesi.   Metod: Kvalitativ ansats med deskriptiv design. Individuella intervjuer har genomförts med nio anestesisjuksköterskor intervjuades på en operationsavdelning i mellan Sverige mellan januari till mars år 2022.  Resultat: Anestesisjuksköterskans erfarenheter och strategier presenterades i två kategorier. Tillsammans med underkategorierna ”Det är en vardag”, ”Trygghet att arbeta tillsammans med kolleger”, ”Arbeta utifrån riktlinjer” och ”Att läsa på och förbereda sig”, ”Anpassa anestesin utifrån individen” och ”Strategier för att undvika ett lågt MAP”.   Slutsats: Låga MAP-värden var vanliga under generell anestesi enligt narkossjuksköterskan. Att vara förberedd och läsa på i förväg var viktigt. Vidare var det viktigt att ha kolleger i närheten som hjälpte till vilket gav en känsla av trygghet. Denna studie visade även att det fanns ett behov av riktlinjer för hur agerandet ska ske när ett lågt MAP uppstår. / Background: Hypotension is a common side effect during general anesthesia. During the year 2018, 318 cases were registered as a complication caused by hypotension during general anesthesia in Sweden. Mean artery pressure (MAP) can be computed by using the diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Studies shows that there is a sharp connection between low MAP-values, and the duration of the low MAP-value towards organ failure and mortality. The nurse Anesthetist has a responsibility to be one step ahead in order to avoid anesthesia related complications such as hypotension.  Purpose/aim: To describe the nurse anesthetist experiences and strategies when handling a MAP below 55mmHg among patients during general anesthesia.  Method: A qualitative study with descriptive design. Individual interviews were conducted with nine nurse anesthetists at an operation unit. Data were collected between January and March in year 2022.    Result: The nurse anesthetists experiences and strategies are presented in two categories, together with under categories which are “It is happening on a daily basis”,  “To feel safety and to work together with colleagues”, “To work out of guidelines” and ” To read and be prepared”, ”Adjust the anesthesia based on the individual” and ”Strategies to avoid a low MAP".   Conclusion: Low MAP- Values were common during induction of anesthesia according to the nurse anesthetist. To be prepared and read beforehand were important. Furthermore, it was important to have colleagues nearby to help which gave a feeling of safety. This study showed also that there is a need for guidelines in how to act with a low MAP-occurred.
22

Donationsprocessen : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att underlätta i vårdandet av patienter i donationsprocessen

Södergren, Stina, Westerberg, Ina January 2022 (has links)
Bakgrund: När den livsuppehållande behandlingen på intensivvårdsavdelningen inte längre upplevs meningsfull för patienten utreds möjligheten för organdonation. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan har en aktiv roll i donationsprocessen och tidigare forskning visar att sjuksköterskan upplever det som en generös handling av patienten att donera och intensivvårdssjuksköterskan gör sitt yttersta för att värna om det i vårdandet av både patienten och dennes närstående. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att underlätta vårdandet av patienter i donationsprocessen. Metod: En kvalitativ studie utifrån semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio intensivvårdssjuksköterskor, dataanalys genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Två kategorier framkom, ”Fokus på patienten” samt ”Möta närstående med värdighet”. Fem subkategorier framkom från kategorierna, ”Att värna om patientens vilja”, ”Att samordna vården av patienten”, ”Att bygga relationer”, ”Att anpassa informationen” och ”Att ge stöd i sorgen”. Slutsats: Intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att underlätta vårdandet av patienten beskrivs som att värna om patientens vilja till donation och att få fokusera på endast donationspatienten tillsammans med teamet. I vårdandet av patienten framkom tydligt närståendes centrala roll och att intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna underlättar för dem genom relationen, information samt stöttning.
23

Delirium –hur kan intensivvårdssjuksköterskan förebygga en overklig verklighet? : – En integrativ litteraturstudie / Delirium – how can the critical care nurse prevent an unreal reality? : An integrative review

Sundelin, Anna-Sara, Lunå, Hanna January 2022 (has links)
No description available.
24

Delirium inom intensivvård : En litteraturöversikt om intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter att vårda patienter med delirium

Lingsarve, Kajsa, Odeheim, Sara January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund: Förekomsten av delirium på intensivvårdsavdelningar är stor, cirka 80% av patienterna som vårdas på intensiven drabbas vid något tillfälle av delirium. Patienter beskriver en rädsla då delirium medför vanföreställningar och hallucinationer. Oupptäckt delirium orsakar ett lidande hos patienten och kan medföra konsekvenser för patienten såväl som samhället. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med delirium. Metod: En integrativ litteraturstudie av 20 artiklar enligt Whittmore och Knafl. Resultat: I resultatet identifieras två teman. (1) Att uppleva okunskap och osäkerhet vid vårdandet av patienter med delirium och (2) Att arbeta omsorgsfullt. Att få tillräckligt med utbildning och ha tydliga riktlinjer är en viktig faktor för intensivvårdssjuksköterskor i hanteringen av delirium. Ökad kunskap leder till ökat självförtroende vilket i sin tur leder till tidigare upptäckt och snabbare behandling för patienten. Slutsats: Examensarbetet presenterar intensivvårdssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att identifiera och behandla patienter med delirium. Delirium är underdiagnostiserat vilket betonar viken av att intensivvårdssjuksköterskor besitter adekvat kompetens I ämnet.
25

Anestesisjuksköterskors upplevelser av att bemöta barn och deras föräldrar inför akut kirurgi / Anesthesia nurse´s experiences of interaction with children and parents scheduled for acute surgery

Arnesen, Hanne, Kristiansen, Erica January 2023 (has links)
No description available.
26

Anaesthetists and professional excellence : specialist and trainee anaesthetists' understanding of their work as a basis for professional development, a qualitative study /

Larsson, Jan, January 2004 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
27

Μεταβολές της αγγειοτενσίνης ΙΙ πλάσματος κατά την ελεγχόμενη υπόταση με νιτροπρωσσικό νάτριο στη νευροχειρουργική

Ρωμάνα - Δημοπούλου, Κωνσταντίνα 25 May 2010 (has links)
- / -
28

Efeitos do propofol em emulsão lipídica e em microemulsão na incidência de inflamação e alteraçóes bioquímicas: estudo experimental em coelhos

Paço, Cristian Durço [UNESP] 10 July 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-07-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:24:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000740869.pdf: 1028761 bytes, checksum: cc4c4888304f1ac5407453c12d423e7c (MD5) / O propofol é um dos fármacos mais utilizados na prática clínica do anestesiologista. O principio ativo do propofol é insolúvel em água, portanto, para permitir sua difusão nos compartimentos biológicos sem o comprometimento das propriedades anestésicas, utilizou-se, inicialmente, como veículo, óleo vegetal. Nesta emulsão o propofol fica dissolvido na fase-óleo sob a forma de pequenas partículas formando uma dispersão coloidal. As complicações resultantes são: dor a injeção, acidose metabólica, hipertrigliceridemia, e possível rabdomiólise com insuficiência renal. Uma nova formulação do propofol com finalidade de proporcionar maior conforto ao paciente, na busca de superar ou minimizar estes efeitos indesejáveis, principalmente o da dor à injeção, foi proposta, baseada em microemulsões, em substituição à emulsão lipídica. Comparar a incidência de inflamação após a infusão de propofol em dose única e em infusão contínua com o diluente emulsão lipídica (EL) ou com diluente em microemulsão (ME). Estudar o efeito do propofol com ambos os diluentes sobre os bioquímicos, a pressão arterial média (PAM), a pressão venosa central (PVC), o Sódio e o Potássio plasmáticos. Os animais foram divididos em sete grupos de 6 animais, sendo: Grupo SHA – 6 coelhos que receberam apenas o tratamento cirúrgico; Grupo Controle-Infusão em bolus (CRB) – 6 coelhos que receberam solução fisiológica 3mL EV; Grupo Controle-Infusão Contínua (CRI) – 6 coelhos que receberam 3 mL de solução fisiológica, seguida da infusão contínua no volume de 0,05 mL/kg/min, por 60 minutos EV; Grupo Propofol EL em bolus (PEB) – 6 coelhos que receberam propofol em emulsão lipídica (3 mg/kg) em bolus EV; Grupo Propofol ME em bolus (PMB) – 6 coelhos que receberam propofol em microemulsão (3 mg/kg) em bolus EV; Grupo Propofol EL contínuo (PEC) – 6 coelhos que receberam propofol em... / Propofol is currently the agent of choice for both induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. This study compared the incidence of endothelial injury after single-dose or continuous propofol infusion in conventional lipid-based emulsion (EL) versus microemulsion (ME), and also assessed the inflammatory effects caused by both propofol formulations. Forty-two rabbits (2.5-4.5 Kg) were randomly allocated into 7 groups of 6 animals each and treated as follows: SHAM– surgical treatment alone; Bolus Control Group –3 mL-intravenous (IV) bolus of saline; Continous Infusion Control Group–3 mL- IV bolus of saline followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2 ml/kg/min for 60 min; Bolus LE Propofol Group –IV bolus of LE propofol (3 mg/kg); Bolus ME Propofol Group–IV ME propofol bolus (3 mg/kg); Continuous LE Propofol Group– IV LE propofol bolus (3 mg/kg) followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2 ml/kg/min for 60 min; Continuous ME Propofol Group– IV ME propofol bolus (3 mg/kg) followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2 ml/kg/min for 60 min. Hemodynamic and blood parameters were recorded at 4 time points. The groups investigated were found to be homogeneous with regard to the parameters assessed, except for IL-6 plasma concentration, which differed among them when propofol microemulsion was used. Under the experimental conditions of this study, no statistically significant difference was observed among groups when saline, lipid emulsion or microemulsion solvents were used. However, the group receiving propofol in microemulsion tended to show a greater number of damaged cells.
29

Efeitos da glibenclamida na função e histologia renais, em ratos submetidos à hemorragia aguda sob anestesia com sevoflurano

Diego, Luis Antonio dos Santos [UNESP] 15 February 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:06:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 diego_las_dr_botfm.pdf: 928445 bytes, checksum: b041c5d0355031145492120fceebec02 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A glibenclamida, sulfoniluréia muito utilizada clinicamente no controle do diabetes mellitus, possui propriedade bloqueadora dos canais de potássio dependentes de adenosina trifosfatona (k+ ATP), opondo-se à possível propriedade pré-condicionante do sevoflurano. Hipovolemia conseqüente à hemorragia suscita reações compensadoras de proteção orgânica. Entretanto, mecanismos protetores como a ativação do sistema renina-angiotensina ensejam agressão renal por vasoconstrição com interferência na função depuradora. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da glibenclamida na função e histologia renais de ratos sob anestesia com sevoflurano em cenário de choque hemorrágico. Neste intuito, estudou-se uma amostra de 20 ratos Wistar. O delineamento consistiu em estudar os animais quanto à pressão arterial, à temperatura retal e ao hematócrito e quantificar atributos da função renal, tais como: ritmo de filtração glomerular (RGF), estudar os animais quanto ao peso, pressão arterial média, temperatura retal e hematócrito e fluxo plasmático renal efetivo (FPR efetivo), fluxo sangüíneo renal e resistência vascular renal (RVR), além de se analisarem as alterações histológicas após a imposição da condição experimental. A amostra foi aleatoriamente dividida em 2 grupos de 10 animais cada (G1 e G2), entretanto apenas um destes (G2) foi submetido a tratamento com glibenclamida venosa (1 mcg.g-1), 60 min antes do início de sangria. Os animais de ambos os grupos foram anestesiados com sevoflurano a 4% sob campânula apropriada e mantidos em respiração espontânea com ar enriquecido com oxigênio, além de sofrerem sangria de 30% da volemia (esta calculada como 6% do peso corporal)... / Glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea widely used clinically for controlling diabetes mellitus, blocks adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium (K+ ATP) channels, thus opposing the possible preconditioning property of sevoflurane. Hypovolemia from hemorrhage evokes protective compensatory reactions. However, protective mechanisms such as activation of the renin-angiotensin system result in renal impairment by vasoconstriction interfering in the clearance function. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of glibenclamide on renal function and histology in rats in a state of hemorrhagic shock under sevoflurane anesthesia. A sample of 20 Wistar rats was studied for that purpose. The design consisted in studying mean arterial pressure, rectal temperature and hematocrit and quantifying glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR), and analyzing histological alterations after the experimental conditions were attained. The sample was randomized into 2 groups of 10 animals each (G1 and G2), only one of which (G2) was treated with intravenous glibenclamide (1 mcg.g-1), 60 min before bleeding was begun. Both groups were anesthetized with sevoflurane at 4% under an appropriate bell jar and kept on spontaneous respiration with oxygen-enriched air, while being bled of 30% of volemia (calculated as 6% of body weight) in 3 stages with 10-min intervals. Evaluation of renal function used estimated renal clearances of paraaminohippurate (ERPF) and sodium iothalamate (GFR), while renal histology was evaluated by investigating the degree of vascular and tubular dilatation, vascular congestion, tubular vacuolization, necrosis and signs of tubular regeneration... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
30

Efeitos cardiorrespiratórios da administração subaracnóide de cetamina ou da associação com ifenprodil em equinos anestesiados com sevofluorano

Zangirolami Filho, Darcio [UNESP] 21 February 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-21Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:58:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000790802.pdf: 1187079 bytes, checksum: 1179afed603fd42e6c36620e489c01e7 (MD5) / A aplicação de fármacos anestésicos ou analgésicos por via espinhal tem sido empregado como adjuvante da anestesia geral inalatória com o intuito de ampliar analgesia visceral e/ou somática, intra e pós-operatória. Os antagonistas dos receptores N-metil-D-aspartato têm sido utilizados, na atualidade, para a prevenção da dor induzida por procedimentos cirúrgicos, porém não se sabe se a instituição dessa medida terapêutica, mormente por via subaracnóidea, pode ser deletéria para a homeostase de equinos mantidos sob anestesia com sevofluorano. Dez equinos hígidos (317±27Kg), sem raça definida, foram alocados em três grupos e submetidos a indução anestésica com 60 mg/Kg/IV de éter gliceril guaiacol; 0,1 mg/Kg de midazolam e 3mg/Kg de propofol. Os animais foram submetidos à anestesia inalatória com sevofluorano, cuja concentração expirada final foi mantida em 2,8%. Após a estabilização nesta concentração foi aplicado pela via subaracnóide, através de um cateter previamente implantado, um dos três tratamentos, NaCl 0,9% (grupo S), cetamina 0,5mg/Kg (grupo KS) ou cetamina 0,5 mg/Kg associado ao ifenprodil 0,015 mg/Kg (grupo Ki). Os momentos avaliados após aplicação foram, MB (avaliação basal), Mind (oito minutos após indução), M1.2 (concentração alveolar de 2,8%), Mtrat (2,5 minutos após o tratamento) e nos momentos M5 até M60 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45 e 60 minutos após o tratamento). Foram avaliados os parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e hemogasométricos, assim como escores de indução e recuperação anestésica. Os dados obtidos de cada grupo, bem como entre os grupos, foram submetidos à análise de variância com repetições múltiplas, seguida do teste de Student-Newman-Keuls. Para os escores de indução e recuperação utilizou-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Para todas as análises, considerou-se o nível de significância de 5% (p˂0,05) ... / The application of anesthetic or analgesic drugs through the spinal via has been employed as an adjunct to inhalational anesthesia with the aim of increasing visceral and/or somatic, intra-and postsurgical analgesia. The antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors have been currently used for the prevention of pain induced by surgical procedures, but it is unknown whether the use of such therapeutics, especially through subarachnoid space may be deleterious to the homeostasis of horses kept under anesthesia with sevoflurane. Ten healthy horses (317 ± 27 kg) with no defined breed, were allotted into three groups and subjected to anesthesia induction with 60 mg/kg/IV of guaiacol glyceryl ether, 0.1 mg/kg of midazolam and 3mg/Kg of propofol. Animals were subjected to inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane, whose final expiratory concentration was maintained at 2.8%. After reaching this concentration it was applied by subarachnoid via through a previously implanted catheter one of the following treatments: 0.9% NaCl (S group), 0.5 mg ketamine/kg (KS group) or 0.5 mg ketamine/kg associated with ifenprodil 0.015 mg/ kg (Ki group). The moments of evaluation after application were: MB (baseline evaluation), Mind (eight minutes after induction), M1.2 (alveolar concentration of 2.8%), Mtrat (2.5 min after treatment) and at moments M5 to M60 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after treatment ). Cardiorespiratory and blood gas parameters, as well as anesthetic induction and recovery scores were evaluated. Data obtained from each group and between groups were subjected to variance analysis with multiple repetitions, followed by Newman-Keuls Student test. For induction and recovery scores analyzes the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. For all analyzes a p˂0.05 was considered as statistically significant. As for anesthetic induction 17% ( n = 3) of all animals received a score of 3 (acceptable) and ...

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