L’angioedème (AO) à kinine est caractérisé par la survenue spontanée et récurrente d’oedèmes des tissus sous cutanés et sous muqueux, conséquence de l’accumulation des kinines sur l’endothélium vasculaire. La sévérité des AO dépend de leur localisation, ils sont déformants sur les tissus sous cutanés, douloureux au niveau de la muqueuse digestive et peuvent mettre en jeu le pronostic vital s’ils affectent le larynx. L’AO à kinine a d’abord été associé au déficit pour C1 Inhibiteur (C1Inh) puis des formes sans déficit pour C1Inh ont été décrites. L’AO est décrit comme une maladie multifactorielle pour laquelle l’ensemble des facteurs décisionnels n’est pas encore identifié. Ce travail a permis (1) de définir des paramètres stratégiques de la production des kinines pour l’AO, (2) d’identifier les paramètres impliqués et décisionnels pour la survenue des crises et leur sévérité, (3) de repérer des phénotypes biologiques des sujets atteints d’AO. / Kinin mediated angioedema (AO) is characterized by spontaneous and recurrent oedema affecting subcutaneous and submucosal tissue. Oedemas develop subsequently to kinin accumulation on vascular endothelium. AO severity is depending on localisation, they are warping on subcutaneous tissue, painful on digestive mucous and life treating when affected the larynx. Kinin mediated AO was first associated with C1 Inhibitor (C1Inh) deficiency and thereafter AO without C1Inh deficiency has been described. AO is a multifactorial disease for which all the decision-making factor(s) is(are) not yet identified. As results of this work, have emerged (1) a characterization of strategic parameters of the kinin production for AO, (2) an identification of significant and decision-making parameters for the attack onset and severity, (3) a cover of biological phenotypes of the AO patients

INTRODUÇÃO: O angioedema hereditário (AEH) é uma doença rara, causada pela deficiência do inibidor de C1 esterase (C1-INH), que se manifesta por ataques recorrentes e imprevisíveis de edema em face, extremidades, genitais, tronco e trato gastrintestinal. O edema em vias superiores pode levar a asfixia e morte; enquanto que as crises de dor abdominal podem conduzir à laparatomias desnecessárias. Por suas características, o AEH afeta profundamente a qualidade de vida (QV) de seus portadores, tanto na esfera física, como psicológica e social. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde destes pacientes. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um instrumento genérico 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) em 35 pacientes com idade superior a 15 anos, com comprovação clínica e laboratorial ou somente laboratorial de deficiência do inibidor de C1, procedentes de quatro regiões distintas do país. Paralelo a esta medida, foi aplicado um questionário contendo dados pessoais e de história clínica dos pacientes nos últimos seis meses. Com base neste último questionário, foi avaliada a gravidade clínica do AEH através de escore de seis critérios. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes foram preponderantemente do sexo feminino (71,4%), provenientes da zona urbana (85,7%), com nível de escolaridade médio (42,9%) e nível sócio-econômico médio-baixo (57,1%). Em relação à avaliação da QV pelo SF-36, noventa por cento dos pacientes apresentaram escore médio do SF-36 abaixo de 70. Os escores obtidos dos oito domínios tiveram variação de 51,03 a 75,95; sendo os domínios mais comprometidos vitalidade, aspectos sociais e dor. A consistência interna do instrumento foi demonstrada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach acima de 0,7. Não se verificou correlação entre SF-36 médio e os parâmetros sexo, idade, escolaridade, tempo de evolução da doença sem diagnóstico e escore de gravidade clínica considerado neste estudo. CONCLUSÕES: A qualidade de vida dos pacientes com AEH é afetada em vários domínios, porém há necessidade de estudos com questionários doença específicos para melhor caracterização dos prejuízos causados por esta doença em seus portadores. Estas informações poderão ser aplicadas em medidas de promoção da saúde que repercutirão na melhora biopsicosocial destes pacientes / INTRODUCTION: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare illness, caused by a deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), which manifests as recurring unexpected attacks of edema of the face, extremities, genitals, chest and gastrointestinal tract. Edemas in the upper airways can cause asphyxiation and death; while the attacks of abdominal pain can lead to unnecessary laparotomies. Due to its characteristics, HAE deeply affects the quality of life of those affected, physically as well as psychologically and socially. This study aims to evaluate the quality of life related to the health of these patients. METHODS: A generic instrument was applied 36 Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) to 35 patients over 15 years of age, with clinical and laboratory evidence or simply laboratory evidence of a deficiency of the C1 inhibitor, from four distinct regions of the country. In addition to this measure, a questionnaire containing personal data and clinical history of the patients in the last six months was applied. Based on this last questionnaire, the clinical severity of the HAE was evaluated through a score of six criteria. RESULTS: The patients were predominantly of female gender (71.4%), from urban areas (85.7%), with an average level of education (42.9%) and medium-low socio-economic level (57.1%). In relation to the evaluation of the QL by SF-36, ninety per-cent of the patients presented average SF-36 scores of below 70. The scores of the eight dimensions showed a variation from 51.03 to 75.95; the most negatively affected scales being vitality, social functioning and pain. The internal consistency of the evaluation was demonstrated by a Cronbach alpha coefficient of above 0.7. No correlation was found between the mean SF-36 scores and the parameters of gender, age, education, duration of the disease without diagnosis and clinical severity score, considered in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life of the patients with HAE is affected in several domains, however there is a need for studies with disease specific questionnaires to better characterize the damage caused by this disease to its sufferers. This information could be applied in health promotion measures which will have repercussions on the bio-psycho-social improvement of these patients

Angioedema is a localized, non-pitting, non-dependent, submucosal, and subcutaneous swelling resulting from the extravasation of fluid into the interstitium due to the increased production of plasma kinins and histamine. It can present with urticaria or anaphylaxis and is usually associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis), complement deficiencies, or the side effects of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Orolingual angioedema following tPA for acute ischemic stroke is a transient, self-resolving hemifacial swelling contralateral to neurological deficits that can rarely progress to the airway, compromising it and leading to a life-threatening situation if not managed promptly.

Die vorliegende Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit dem hereditären Angioödem (HAE) als seltene, erbliche Erkrankung. Beim HAE kommt es zu rezidivierenden Schwellungen an der Haut, des Larynx und der intestinalen Organe. Ziel der vorliegenden prospektiven, offenen Studie war die klinische Charakterisierung von HAE-Patienten aus dem mitteldeutschen Raum einschließlich der Erfassung und des Vergleiches der Lebensqualität (LQ). Es wurden 46 HAE-Patienten aus dem mitteldeutschen Raum um Einwilligung in die Studie gebeten. 21 selbstausgefüllte Lebensqualitätsfragebögen sowie 19 standardisierte, 20-30-Minütige Telefoninterviews und die retrospektiv erfassten Krankendaten konnten ausgewertet werden. Der Vergleich der Lebensqualität von HAE-Patienten mit der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit chronischen Erkrankungen und Hautkrankheiten mit dem SF-36 und FLQA-d erfolgte im Studienzeitraum erstmalig. Die Studie konnte die Merkmale der Erkrankung des hereditären Angioödems bei Patienten aus dem mitteldeutschen Raum aufzeigen. Zwischen den HAE-Typ I und II-Patienten bestanden Unterschiede bezüglich der Vorzeichen und der Organmanifestationen. Auf die Therapie hatten diese Unterschiede keinen Einfluss. Insgesamt zeigte sich auch nach Anwendung der Lebensqualitätsfragebögen: SF-36 und FLQA-d wie schwierig die Erfassung der Lebensqualität bei HAE-Patienten ist. Zum einen sind die Fragebögen nicht spezifisch für HAE-Patienten und zum anderen sind die Ergebnisse dieser Studie durch die kleine Gruppengröße und der einzeitigen Erfassung in der Übertragbarkeit eingeschränkt. In zukünftigen Studien sollte dem Bereich der sozialen Funktionsfähigkeit bei der Erfassung der Lebensqualität Beachtung geschenkt werden. Der im Juli 2012 von Prior et al veröffentlichte, krankheitsspezifische Lebensqualitätsfragebogens HAE-QoL (111) sollte weiterentwickelt sowie die erhobenen Daten mittels einer prospektiven Studie bezüglich der Lebensqualität vor und nach einer bestimmten Therapie überprüft werden.