Cette thèse étudie la production de l’auteure irlandaise Anna Jameson relative au voyage qu’elle entreprit au Canada de décembre 1836 à décembre 1837, à savoir : le récit de son périple, Winter Studies and Summer Rambles in Canada (1838), l’album d’illustrations réalisées tout au long de celui-ci, et la correspondance rédigée pendant cette période. L’analyse conjointe de ces trois média met au jour la portée politique de l’élaboration de l’identité de l’écrivaine voyageuse. En effet, les manipulations génériques, qui livrent un récit au croisement du journal, de la lettre, et du récit de voyage, l’écriture ethnographique de l’Indien, ou encore l’appréhension du paysage canadien, servent toutes un propos proto-féministe qui défend avant tout l’éducation des femmes. De l’Europe au Canada, dans une tension perpétuelle entre identité individuelle et collective, le voyage permet ainsi de faire retour : la représentation du Canada est révision de la Grande-Bretagne, l’écriture de l’Autre est reconstruction de soi, et vice versa. Ainsi, le récit de voyage se fait le lieu de la refiguration de l’identité de celle qui, au contact d’Autres, colons ou Indiens, tantôt sur un mode de différenciation, tantôt sur un mode d’identification, s’écrit en femme libre. Cette liberté, que permet l’écriture, se manifeste dans le jeu des identités, dans le vagabondage doublé de divagations, au travers duquel Anna Jameson reconfigure la définition de la femme au XIXe siècle. / This dissertation focuses on Irish authoress Anna Jameson’s artistic and personal production during her travel to Canada from December 1836 to December 1837, namely: her travel narrative, Winter Studies and Summer Rambles in Canada (1838), the album of sketches she drew while there, and the letters she wrote during the period. A joint analysis of these three media reveals the political scope of the traveller-writer’s elaborating of her identity. Her generic negotiations — delivering a narrative at the crossroads between diary, letter and travel writing —, her ethnographic writing of the Indian, as well as her perception of the Canadian landscape, all serve a proto-feminist agenda, arguing first and foremost for the education of women. From Europe to Canada, in a perpetual shift between collective and individual identity, travelling enables re-envisioning: the representation of Canada becomes a revision of Great Britain, the writing of the Other turns into a reconstruction of the Self, and conversely. The travel narrative becomes the locus of the refiguration of Jameson’s identity, as her contact with Others — settlers or Indians —, at times through differentiation, at times through identification, enables her to rewrite herself as a free woman. The freedom which writing allows for is manifest in the play of identities, in the rambling through which Anna Jameson reconfigures the definition of woman in the 19th century.

This thesis concerns a peer Francis Thun (1809-1871) who was one of the most important personalities in the public and cultural life in Bohemia from the 30s till the end of the 60s of the 19th century. Thun {--} a gifted visual artist himself - was particularly interested in the institutions connected with the visual art. The author shows where his long-life interest in the visual arts was formed. She follows his childhood, upbringing, his own artistic beginning and his studies. She particularly considers his ways around Europe and his stay in Dresden, that used to be one of the most important centres of the European Romanticism, and more than a year-long traveling around England, western Europe and Italy. The last part of this thesis deliberates František Thun{\crq}s public activities {--} mainly his work in the artistic politics and in the care of monuments. This work also follows Thun{\crq}s personal life, particularly his marriage with a burgher girl thanks to it he couldn{\crq}t inherite the fideicommissum. This biography is mainly based on personal materials {--} letters and diaries. In terms of them it attempts to show Thun{\crq}s personality and his important life moments.