<p>The object with the study of this literature was to describe differente programs of care and patients and relatives experience and opinion about the caring for patients with Anorexia Nervosa. The method the author used was a descriptive literature study based on imperial studies. The studies were based on 15 scientific articles within the chosen field. The results shows that these patients hade special needs to be seen and heard as individuals, involved in their own treatment, and have good contact with the caring staff. The study also shows which methods were mostly appreciated involving nurses, patients and relatives. Results show the patients appreciating the individual therapy and an empathetic caring staff. Parents though thought that family therapy was the best treatment. Here they felt they could show their feelings and at the same time get help and advice in handling different situations. The result also shows problem areas such as framing oneself from the world or patients starting a competition of weight loss among the group members. The study also shows the difference in the nurses views of the different situation. Most nurses found it difficult to treat Anorexia Nervosa or to understand the illness, didn’t feel they had enough knowledge of the psychological health. It also shows that more studies and knowledge is needed in regards to forms and ways of treatment and the different causes of the illness.</p>

The object with the study of this literature was to describe differente programs of care and patients and relatives experience and opinion about the caring for patients with Anorexia Nervosa. The method the author used was a descriptive literature study based on imperial studies. The studies were based on 15 scientific articles within the chosen field. The results shows that these patients hade special needs to be seen and heard as individuals, involved in their own treatment, and have good contact with the caring staff. The study also shows which methods were mostly appreciated involving nurses, patients and relatives. Results show the patients appreciating the individual therapy and an empathetic caring staff. Parents though thought that family therapy was the best treatment. Here they felt they could show their feelings and at the same time get help and advice in handling different situations. The result also shows problem areas such as framing oneself from the world or patients starting a competition of weight loss among the group members. The study also shows the difference in the nurses views of the different situation. Most nurses found it difficult to treat Anorexia Nervosa or to understand the illness, didn’t feel they had enough knowledge of the psychological health. It also shows that more studies and knowledge is needed in regards to forms and ways of treatment and the different causes of the illness.

Laut S3-Leitlinie zur „Diagnostik und Therapie der Essstörungen“ (AWMF, 2019) ist bei PatientInnen mit Anorexia nervosa (AN) eine zeitnahe Aufnahme einer Therapie wesentlich. Dabei stehen die Normalisierung des Essverhaltens sowie des Gewichtes im Vordergrund. Dennoch ist die Heilung von AN meist mit vielen Therapien und Krankenhausaufenthalten verbunden, nicht zuletzt aufgrund der recht hohen Therapieabbruchrate. Kliniker und Forscher sind daher bemüht Prädiktoren für den Therapieverlauf von AN-PatientInnen zu finden, um den Verlauf bei RisikopatientInnen besser steuern und gestalten zu können. Die Ableitung allgemeingültiger Regeln ist aufgrund der meist geringen Stichprobengröße sowie variierender methodischer Vorgehensweisen bislang jedoch noch nicht möglich gewesen. Die vorliegende Arbeit überprüft, inwiefern sich schon diskutierte Prädiktoren im Behandlungsverlauf der AN identifizieren und zur Erstellung eines Prädiktorenmodelles für den Therapieerfolg (BMI≥19kg/m2) bzw. Therapieabbruch eignen. Ein weiteres Ziel der vorliegenden retrospektiven-naturalistischen Studie ist die Evaluation einer stationären psychosomatischen Behandlung von Patientinnen mit Anorexia nervosa in der Klinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik (PSO) des Universitätsklinikums Carl Gustav Carus in Dresden. Dazu wurden die Daten von N = 75 weiblichen anorektischen Patientinnen einbezogen, die im Zeitraum von 2015-2019 länger als zwei Wochen an dem kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischen Phasenessprogramm der PSO teilgenommen haben. Es zeigte sich, dass das Phasenessprogramm insgesamt eine hohe Effektstärke bzgl. der Gewichtszunahme aufweist und damit als wirksam eingestuft werden kann. Relativiert wird dieser Effekt durch die vielen vorzeitigen Therapiebeendigungen, wodurch insgesamt bei weniger als der Hälfte der Patientinnen eine Gewichtsnormalisierung realisiert werden konnte. Für den Therapieerfolg konnte im Rahmen dessen ein Prädiktorenmodell erstellt werden, welches eine höhere Therapieerfolgschance je BMI-Punkt bei Aufnahme, sowie beim Fehlen einer komorbiden affektiven Störung vorhersagt. Für einen Therapieabbruch konnte lediglich der BMI bei Aufnahme als Prädiktor identifiziert werden. Das Ableiten eines allgemeingültigen Prädiktorenmodells für den Therapieverlauf bei AN scheint daher nur begrenzt möglich. Es scheint vielversprechender zu sein, individuelle Indikatoren zu suchen, um frühzeitig auf RisikopatientInnen eingehen zu können und gemeinsam adäquate Therapieziele zu entwickeln, um somit langfristig die Motivation sowie die Selbstwirksamkeit der Patientinnen zu stärken und aufrecht zu erhalten. / According to the S3-guideline on 'Diagnosis and Therapy of Eating Disorders' (AWMF, 2019), it is essential for patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) to start therapy as soon as possible. The normalization of eating behavior and weight is of primary importance. Nevertheless, the cure of AN is usually associated with many therapies and hospital stays, not least because of the rather high therapy discontinuation rate. Researchers are therefore trying to find predictors for the course of therapy of AN patients in order to be more able to control and shape the course of therapy, especially in high risk patients. However, the derivation of generally valid rules has not yet been possible due to the usually small sample size and varying methodological procedures. The present study examines the extent to which predictors, that have already been discussed (elsewhere), can be identified during treatment and are suitable for creating a predictor model for the success of therapy (BMI≥19kg/m2) or for discontinuation (drop out) of therapy. A further aim of the present retrospective-naturalistic study is the evaluation of an inpatient psychosomatic treatment for patients with anorexia nervosa in the Clinic for Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (PSO) of the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus in Dresden. Data from N = 75 female anorexic patients who participated in the cognitive-behavioral “phase- program” of the PSO for more than two weeks in the period 2015-2019 were included. It was shown that the “phase-program” has a high overall effect strength with regard to weight gain and can therefore be classified as effective. This effect is put into perspective by the many premature terminations of therapy, whereby a normalization of weight was achieved in less than half of the patients. For the success of the therapy, a predictor model was developed which predicts a higher chance of success per BMI point on admission and the absence of a comorbid mood disorder. For a therapy discontinuation, only the BMI at admission could be identified as predictor. Therefore, the derivation of a generally valid predictor model for the course of therapy in AN seems to be possible only to a limited extent. It seems to make much more sense to look for individual indicators in order to be able to respond to at-risk patients at an early stage and to jointly develop adequate therapy goals in order to strengthen and maintain the motivation and self-efficacy of patients in the long run.