Functional neuroimaging research on language recovery in patients with aphasia due to left hemisphere damage has generated some intriguing results. However, it is still not clear what role the right hemisphere plays in supporting language functions in chronic phase for patients with different site and size of lesion when different tasks are used. The present study was aimed at exploring the role of perilesional, ipsilesional and contralesional regions in neural recovery in participants with aphasia with different site and size of lesion using three different language tasks. All patients in the present study were in the chronic stage who had achieved high levels of recovery. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to characterize cortical activation in eight stroke patients and eight age/gender matched controls during lexical decision, semantic judgment and picture naming. An event related design using jittered interstimulus intervals (ISIs) was employed to present the stimuli. The fMRI scans revealed differences in activation patterns across the three tasks. Normal control participants and participants with aphasia mainly activated the left perisylvian region during the lexical decision task and the semantic judgment task. However, during the picture naming task, all participants activated bilateral posterior regions irrespective of the site or size of lesion. Subsequent regions of interest analysis and laterality index analysis revealed that patients with larger lesions produced greater right hemisphere activation than patients with smaller lesions during the picture naming task. The results of this study demonstrate that recovery is task, lesion site and lesion size specific. Further, the findings of the present study indicate a role for both homologous contralesional cortex and perilesional and ipsilesional regions as efficient mechanisms for supporting language functions in chronic stroke patients. / text

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references. Online version available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on April 28, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on April 28, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1951. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Edwiges Maria Morato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T06:16:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gandolfo_MonicaCristina_D.pdf: 458382 bytes, checksum: f7e19e618915bc06f1e7302bb238e714 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é problematizar as classificações das afasias de duas maneiras: 1) analisando a vigência da semiologia neurolingüística e suas implicações práticas; 2) avaliando lugares institucionais de preservação e questionamento da classificação das afasias sendo eles: a academia e clínica. O objetivo é entender sua vigência, a despeito das refutações de várias ordens e de várias evidências empíricas que a questionam. Faz parte deste trabalho colocar em foco os limites e alcances do método clínico, em relação ao entendimento teórico e à conduta terapêutica no campo da afasiologia. Assim, tendo em vista o discurso destes dois ambientes, o da academia e o da prática clínica (o metadiscurso científico clínico sobre a classificação), verificamos como é que uma lingüística não estruturalista, ou pós-estruturalista, tem se comportado em relação a semiologia das afasias. Admitindo que a teoria sócio-cognitiva é a que vai de acordo com a concepção de linguagem que considera a relação da língua e sua exterioridade como um fenômeno em construção, as bases explicativas dos fenômenos lingüísticos mudam e, consequentemente, muda a maneira de fazer ciência, o movimento das teorias das idéias, como, também, o método científico utilizado para se chegar a uma classificação das afasias de modo que, fazer ciência passa a se fundamentar em outras bases / Abstract: This work addresses aphasia classification in two ways: 1) by analysing the neurolinguistic semiology and its practical implications; 2) by assessing the role of academic and clinical institutions in preserving and questioning such classification. The purpose is to understand its persistence in spite of many refutations and empirical observations that have raised doubts about it. This work focuses on the limits of clinical methodology, as regards the theoretical understanding and therapeutic practive in aphasiology / Doutorado / Doutor em Linguística

The purpose of the current investigation was to explore the effects of aphasia on working memory (WM) in bilingual adults. Available research supports the notion that there are strong positive correlations between WM capacity and language function in monolingual adults with aphasia and that aphasic adults' ability to comprehend language may be predicted by WM capacity. The relationship between WM capacity and auditory comprehension, as measured by the Token Test, was investigated in bilingual adults with and without aphasia. Additional areas of investigation included examination of the influence of aphasia on bilingualism and language proficiency as measured by differential performance in both languages on the Boston Naming Test (BNT); relationships between severity of aphasia, as measured by the Bilingual Aphasia Test (BAT); and WM, as measured by listening span. Sixteen participants between the ages of 26 and 91 were included in this study (mean age for women was 61.3; men was 52.8; 37% of the sample population was male, 63% was female). Eight participants were non-aphasic bilingual adults, the remaining 8 participants were bilingual aphasic adults. Results of the study indicated that both groups yielded relatively equivalent findings for the two languages on WM measures. Highly significant and strong positive correlations were observed between WM and auditory comprehension for both groups in both languages. There were no significant differences between English and Spanish results relative to auditory comprehension in the group with aphasia. There was, however, more variability on the BNT for the group with aphasia. Moreover, a significant difference between English and Spanish on the BNT was observed for the non-aphasic group. Significant relationships were found between language proficiency and aphasia severity for both languages; however, no significant differences were found between English and Spanish on the BAT. Nonetheless, moderate to strong positive linear relationships were observed between WM and aphasic severity (BAT) and strong positive relationships were found between language proficiency and aphasia severity for both languages for the group with aphasia. In conclusion, results suggest that the impact of bilingualism on WM for aphasic adults may be similar to what has been observed for monolingual aphasic individuals. Further research is needed relative to the nature of WM in bilingual adults with aphasia.

This study examines filled and unfilled pause durations between utterances in the speech of 60 people with no language disorder. It also evaluates the proportions of different pause lengths, examines the location of pauses within an isolated speech sample, and compares speech pause in male speakers and female speakers. Using speech samples gathered from a picture description task, Praat acoustic analysis software was used to segment C-units and measure pause duration between utterances (Boersma & Weenink, 2022; Öktem et al., 2021). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze these data, including pause duration mean and standard deviations. Pause mean durations ranged from 70 ms to 90 ms. Speakers used pauses shorter than 0.5 seconds and 1 second more frequently than longer pauses. Both pause frequency and mean pause length increase in the final 50% of the speech sample compared to the initial 50% for both male and female speakers. No significant differences were found between male and female speakers. Speakers produce prolongations at a rate of 0.07 to 0.08 per C-unit across both male and female speakers. Both male and female speakers have a higher frequency of prolongations in the final portion of the speech sample, compared to the initial portion. Further research across several types of speech tasks is needed to provide greater insight into variations in pause duration and location in different types of speech tasks. Further research might also examine pause durations within utterances.