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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Factors affecting variation in nutrient availability of feed ingredients for broiler chickens

Yegani, Mojtaba Unknown Date
No description available.
2

EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS ENZYMES ON APPARENT METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUE OF BARLEY IN SWINE AND BROILER CHICKENS

Bryson, Brian L. 01 January 2018 (has links)
The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of exogenous enzyme supplementation, phytase and xylanase-glucanase, on AME value of barley in poultry and swine. In the first study, 280 broilers were assigned 1 of 8 treatments. Barley inclusion in the diet resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) performance. There was a treatment × phytase × xylanase-glucanase interaction for dry matter retention with birds fed the corn-SBM-barley diet supplemented with phytase and xylanase-glucanase having higher (P < 0.05) DM retention compared to birds fed corn-SBM-based diet with only xylanase-glucanase supplementation. AME and AMEn of corn-SBM-based diets were greater (P < 0.05) than the corn-SBM-barley-based diets. Energy metabolizability and AMEn of barley significantly increased with xylanase-glucanase supplementation. In the second study, 24 pigs (12 pigs/phase) were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments with xylanase-glucanase and phytase. After a 7-d adaption period, urine and feces were quantitatively collected for 5 d. DE of the barley-based diet supplemented with xylanase-glucanase (3,578 kcal/kg) and phytase and xylanase-glucanase in combination (3,617 kcal/kg) were significantly different. Compared to control diets, exogenous enzymes either significantly improved or had a tendency to improve AME and AMEn value of barley in broilers, but not in growing pigs.
3

METABOLIZABLE ENERGY DETERMINATION IN BROILER CHICKENS

Dunaway, Andrew E. 01 January 2019 (has links)
Feed accounts for the highest cost associated in poultry production, with energy-containing feedstuffs being the most expensive portion of the cost of feeding. The increasing demand for poultry meat gives reason to determine accurate apparent metabolizable energy (AME) values for various feedstuff through measuring energy utilization in the birds. The adaptation length of birds fed an experimental diet may affect the determined AME value due to the diet matrix and physiochemical properties of the feedstuff. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate a select group of energy-containing feedstuff with different diets and with factors such as coccidia challenge and exogenous enzyme supplementation that may influence the determined AME values in broiler chickens.
4

Evaluation of Cobb MV × Cobb 500 broiler response to various nutrient regimens to maximize performance and economics

Hirai, Rosana 09 August 2019 (has links)
To maximize the economics of a new commercial broiler cross, research on its nutritional specifications is necessary. Study 1 investigated the effects of feeding four amino acid densities (AAD) on performance and yield of Cobb MV × Cobb 500 broilers at d 33 and 36. Data demonstrated a stepwise decrease in feed conversion ratio (FCR) as AAD level increased. Improvements in performance, processing, and economic return were observed when feeding higher AAD levels. Study 2 estimated the digestible lysine (dLys) requirements of Cobb MV × Cobb 500 broilers from d 0-14 and evaluated the impact of varying starter dLys levels on their performance, processing, and economic return during a 42 d grow-out. Data suggested that d 0-14 dLys requirements varied based on broiler response and statistical model. Improvements in overall performance was observed when feeding ≥1.12% dLys during the starter phase. The greatest economic return was associated with feeding starter dLys of 1.20%. Due to the potential interaction between AA and apparent metabolizable energy (AME), Study 3 examined the response of Cobb MV × Cobb 500 to varying dLys and AME levels from d 0-14 on d 0-42 performance and processing. A dLys × AME interaction was observed for d 0-28 FCR and for dLys and AME for early performance parameters. However, this significance was lost by the end of the study. Due to the variation in broiler response to feeding strategies at different ages, Study 4 evaluated the impact of varying dLys and AME levels from d 14-28 on performance and processing of 42-day old Cobb MV × Cobb 500 broilers. Data demonstrated significant dLys × AME interactions for d 14-28 and 14-35 FCR, as well as significances for main effect of dLys and AME for performance and processing (d 42). Feeding grower diets formulated to 1.18% dLys + 3028 kcal/kg AME was the most profitable diet. Overall, this research demonstrates that higher AAD improved broiler performance, especially ≥1.12% starter dLys. Varying dLys and AME during the starter phase did not affect performance at d 42; however, it did when this regimen was exercised during the grower phase.
5

Energia metabolizável aparente para poedeiras Isa Label mantidas em ambiente de alta temperatura / Apparent metabolizable energy for Isa Label laying kept in high temperature environment

Macchi, Paloma de Matos 16 July 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T20:31:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PalomaMM_DISSERT.pdf: 1913188 bytes, checksum: a5ce6f6f4c89b77f39177c6480f067a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-16 / Brazil stands out in poultry production as the largest exporter and third largest producer of chicken, and among the ten largest producers of eggs. The demand for food and population growth make the poultry production chain essential to agribusiness, regional economy and strengthening family agriculture, providing highly nutritious affordable food. Genetic improvements and research in pet nutrition favored the success of the poultry industry in the country, however, there is little research on nutritional requirements for slow growth bloodlines in hot climate regions. The Isa Label is a strain with naked neck, slow growth bloodlines with two option for products, which has been widely used by farmers for being good producer of eggs and meat have with appreciable flavor. The amount of metabolizable energy used in feed is conditional factor for productivity of laying in high temperature conditions, and has considerable weight in food costs. The aim of this study was to determine the requirement of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) to Isa Label bird dual purpose in laying phase, 52 weeks old, under high temperature conditions, by evaluating performance, quality eggs and economic viability. They were distributed at random 90 laying in five treatments with nine replicates of two birds each. The treatments were 2,600; 2,675; 2,750; 2,825 and 2,900 kcal / kg of EMA in the feed. We evaluated: feed intake and EMA, laying rate, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion and energy per mass and dozen eggs; and quality characteristics of eggs. The economic analysis was performed with the number of eggs produced, feed consumption and price per kilogram of feed. The results were productive performance and egg quality were statistically analyzed by polynomial regression with probability <5% significance level. The results of the economic analysis were submitted to descriptive statistics. Increasing the EMA level in poultry feed Isa Label in laying phase, not compromise performance between 52 and 64 weeks of age. The level 2,778 kcal / kg of EMA in the ration showed lower feed intake, while the 2,638 kcal / kg EMA level in the diet had lower power consumption under high temperature environment conditions. Internal and external quality of the eggs was not affected by EMA level in feed, but increased EMA in diets increased the width of the albumen and egg. The use level of 2,675 kcal / kg of EMA is economically viable for poultry Isa Label in stance phase, from 52 to 64 weeks of age under high temperature conditions / O Brasil se destaca na produção avícola como maior exportador e terceiro produtor mundial de frango, e entre os dez maiores produtores de ovos. A demanda por alimentos e o crescimento populacional tornam a cadeia produtiva avícola essencial ao agronegócio, economia regional e fortalecimento da agricultura familiar, fornecendo alimento de alto valor nutritivo a preço acessível. Melhorias genéticas e pesquisas em nutrição animal favoreceram o sucesso da avicultura no país, contudo, existem poucas pesquisas em exigências nutricionais para linhagens de crescimento lento em regiões de clima quente. A Isa Label é uma linhagem com pescoço pelado, crescimento lento e dupla aptidão, que vem sendo muito utilizada pelos criadores por ser boa produtora de ovos e possuir carne com sabor apreciável. A quantidade de energia metabolizável utilizada nas rações é fator condicional para produtividade de poedeiras em condições de altas temperaturas, e tem peso considerável nos custos com alimentação. O objetivo com este trabalho foi determinar a exigência de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) para aves Isa Label de dupla aptidão em fase de postura, com 52 semanas de idade, sob condições de alta temperatura, por meio da avaliação de desempenho, qualidade de ovos e viabilidade econômica. Distribuíram-se ao acaso 90 poedeiras em cinco tratamentos, com nove repetições de duas aves, por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram: 2.600; 2.675; 2.750; 2.825 e 2.900 kcal/kg de EMA na ração. Avaliou-se: consumo de ração e de EMA, taxa de postura, peso do ovo, massa de ovo, conversão alimentar e energética por massa e dúzia de ovos; e características de qualidade de ovos. A análise econômica foi realizada com número de ovos produzidos, consumo de ração e preço por quilograma da ração. Os resultados foram de desempenho produtivo e qualidade de ovos foram submetidos à análise estatística por regressão polinomial com probabilidade < 5% de significância. Os resultados da análise econômica foram submetidos à estatística descritiva. O aumento do nível EMA na ração para aves Isa Label, em fase de postura, não comprometeu desempenho entre 52 e 64 semanas de idade. O nível 2.778 kcal/kg de EMA na ração apresentou menor consumo de ração, enquanto o nível 2.638 kcal/kg de EMA na ração apresentou menor consumo de energia, sob condições de alta temperatura ambiente. A qualidade interna e externa dos ovos não foi afetada pelo nível de EMA nas rações, porém o aumento de EMA nas rações aumentou a largura do albúmen e do ovo. A utilização do nível 2.675 kcal/kg de EMA é economicamente viável para aves Isa Label, em fase postura, entre 52 a 64 semanas de idade, sob condições de alta temperatura
6

Ração com óleo de milho, sua digestibilidade e a análise bromatológica do músculo do peito em frangos de corte

Antunes, Marcella Machado 29 August 2014 (has links)
Aimed to evaluate the corn oil in diets based on sorghum as an alternative to replacement of soybean oil for broilers, comparing digestibility of feed, crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE); apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn); between the two oils in two steps: 17-21 days and 31-35 days; The chemical analysis of the breast muscle, feed cost (Yi), economic efficiency index (EEI) and cost index (CI) for live weight and carcass between lipid sources was also performed. The design was completely randomized in a 2x2 factorial design (with ration with soybean oil and corn oil and 17-21 days and 31-35 days), and digestibility was four replicates per treatment with two birds per experimental unit for each phase and for the chemical analysis of chest with six replicates per treatment one bird per experimental unit. Was no diet x age interaction for CP digestibility, which was higher at 17-21 days using soybean oil. The digestibility of the ration was increased to 31-35 days compared to 17-21 days of age. The digestibility of EE was not altered by the treatments and the ages. The use of corn oil resulted in higher EMA to 17-21 days of age, AME and AMEn to 31-35 days of age, while there was no difference in AMEn to 17-21 days. The composition of breast, no differences in deposition of EE were found. For the deposition of CP and dry matter (DM) corn oil showed better values for moisture while breast soybean oil resulted in higher levels. The result of economic viability benefited soybean oil. Corn oil can replace soya oil in diets containing sorghum, improving the apparent metabolizable energy of feed and the composition of the breast. / Objetivou-se avaliar o óleo de milho em rações à base de sorgo como alternativa de substituição ao óleo de soja para frangos de corte, comparando a digestibilidade da ração, da proteína bruta (PB) e do extrato etéreo (EE); energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn); entre os dois óleos em duas fases: 17-21 dias e 31-35 dias; também foi realizado a análise bromatológica do músculo do peito, custo da ração (Yi), índice de eficiência econômica (IEE) e índice de custo (IC) para peso vivo do animal e da carcaça entre as fontes lipídicas. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x2 (ração com óleo soja e com óleo milho e 17-21 dias e 31-35 dias), sendo que para digestibilidade foi quatro repetições por tratamento sendo duas aves por unidade experimental para cada fase e para a análise bromatológica de peito com seis repetições por tratamento sendo uma ave por unidade experimental. Houve interação dieta x idade para a digestibilidade da PB, que foi maior aos 17-21 dias utilizando o óleo de soja. A digestibilidade da ração foi maior aos 31-35 dias em comparação aos 17-21 dias de idade. A digestibilidade do EE não foi alterada pelos tratamentos e pelas idades. A utilização do óleo de milho resultou em maior EMA aos 17-21 dias de idade, EMA e EMAn aos 31-35 dias de idade, enquanto não houve diferença para EMAn aos 17-21 dias. Na composição de peito, não foram encontradas diferenças em deposição de EE. Para a deposição de PB e matéria seca (MS) o óleo de milho apresentou melhores valores enquanto que para umidade de peito o óleo de soja resultou em maiores teores. O resultado de viabilidade econômica beneficiou o óleo de soja. O óleo de milho pode substituir o óleo de soja em dietas formuladas com o sorgo, melhorando energia metabolizável aparente da ração e a composição de peito. / Mestre em Ciências Veterinárias
7

Avaliação nutricional da qualidade do milho para frangos de corte em Goiás

Batista , Lucas Ferreira 29 November 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-12T10:15:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lucas Ferreira Batista - 2016.pdf: 4705026 bytes, checksum: d0c97e3720b4867a1ed8298dcc3feb92 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-12T10:16:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lucas Ferreira Batista - 2016.pdf: 4705026 bytes, checksum: d0c97e3720b4867a1ed8298dcc3feb92 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-12T10:16:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lucas Ferreira Batista - 2016.pdf: 4705026 bytes, checksum: d0c97e3720b4867a1ed8298dcc3feb92 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-29 / The objective of this study was to increase the knowledge about the nutritional composition of maize grains and correlate the main physical and chemical variables that contribute to the energetic values of maize grains used in broiler rations. For this, corn grains samples received by a commercial broiler feed factory located in southeastern Goias during the years 2012 to 20015 were analyzed. The parameters evaluated were divided into physical variables such as: Moisture content (%),% (Kg / m³), chemical variables such as:% Ethereal Extract,% Crude Protein,% Crude Fiber,% Crude Grain,% Crude Grain,% Crude Grain,% Crude Grain and the presence of mycotoxins (Aflatoxin and Fumonisin. In the present work, the values, mean, median, maximum and minimum values, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and normality tests and data distribution were described for each physical and chemical variable analyzed. Where there was no normal distribution of the results during the experimental period, revealing variation of these variables. Significant correlations (P <0.05) were found between the physical variables, Density and Humidity (-0.76), Infested Grains and Presence of Fumonisin (0.81); Moderate among the variables Crude Protein and Presence of Fumonisin (0.63) and% of Good Grains and Broken Grains (-0.70); (-0.15), Presence of Aflatoxins (0.28),% Good Grains (0.33) and% of Broken Grains (-0.41), among the variables Crude Protein and (-0.23), Presence of Aflatoxins and% of Humidity (-0,30) and Fumonisins (-0,27), between Presence of Aflatoxins and% of Humidity ( 0.30) and Specific Density (0.28) and the Presence of Fumonisins with Specific Density (0.43). A metabolism test was also carried out with 400 broilers, 14 days old, of the Cobb 500 male lineage, to verify the influence of the specific gravity of the corn kernels on the values of Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME), Apparent Metabolizable Energy corrected by nitrogen balance (AMEn), in natural and dry matter, Apparent Metabolizable Coefficient of Crude Protein (AMC_CP), Ethereal Extract (AMC_EE), Calcium (AMC_CA), and Phosphorus (AMC_P) were evaluated. For this purpose, different samples of maize with specific densities of 740, 760, 780 and 800 kg / m³ were obtained in a commercial feed factory for broilers, located in southeast Goias. The different fractions of specific density of maize had different bromatological compositions, with variations mainly in the Gross Energy (2.28%), Crude Fiber (21.6%), Ethereal Extract (16%) and Percentage of Infested Grains. The treatments were significant (P <0.05), on the values of AME, AMEn, AMC_DM, AMC_EE, AMC_CA and AMC_P, but did not have trend curve proportional to the stipulated variations for the specific density, not determining which fraction of corn would be of better nutritional quality. What alerts us to analyze all the physical and chemical characteristics of the grains, besides the specific density, in order to determine the quality of the corn received in the feed factory for broiler chicken. / O objetivo deste estudo foi de ampliar os conhecimentos acerca da composição nutricional dos grãos de milho e correlacionar as principais variáveis físicas e químicas que contribuem para variação dos valores energéticos dos grãos de milho utilizados nas rações de frangos de corte. Para isto foram analisadas amostras à granel recebidas por uma fábrica de ração comercial para frangos de corte, localizada no sudeste goiano, durante os anos de 2012 a 20015. Os parâmetros avaliados foram divididos em variáveis físicas como: Teor de Umidade (%), % de Grãos Bons, % de Grãos Ardidos, % de grãos carunchados, % de grãos Chochos, % de Grãos Quebrados e Densidade Específica (kg/m³), variáveis químicas como: % de Extrato Etéreo, % de Proteína Bruta, % de Fibra Bruta e a presença de micotoxinas (Aflatoxina e Fumonisina). No presente trabalho foram descritos os valores, médios, mediana, valor máximo e mínimo, desvio padrão, coeficiente de variação e testes de normalidade e distribuição dos dados, para cada variável física e química analisada. Onde verificou-se não normalidade de distribuição dos resultados no decorrer do período experimental, revelando variação destas variáveis. Foram encontradas correlações significativas (P<0,05), altas entre as variáveis físicas, Densidade e Umidade (-0,76), Grãos Carunchados e Presença de Fumonisina (0,81); moderadas entre as variáveis Proteína Bruta e Presença de Fumonisina (0,63) e % de Grãos Bons e Grãos Quebrados (-0,70); baixas entre as variáveis Densidade e Extrato (-0,15), Presença de Aflatoxinas (0,28), % Grãos de Bons (0,33) e % de Grãos Quebrados (-0,41), entre as variáveis Proteína Bruta e % de Grãos Ardidos (-0,23) e Umidade (-0,13), Presença de Aflatoxinas e % de Umidade (-0,30) e Fumonisinas (-0,27), entre Presença de Aflatoxinas e % de Umidade (-0,30) e Densidade Específica (0,28) e da Presença de Fumonisinas com a Densidade Específica (0,43). Também foi realizado ensaio de metabolismo, com 400 frangos de corte, com 14 dias de idade, da linhagem Cobb 500, machos, para verificar a influência da densidade específica dos grãos de milho nos valores de Energia Metabolizável Aparente (EMA), Energia Metabolizável Aparente corrigida pelo balanço de nitrogênio (EMAn), nos Coeficientes de Metabolizabilidade Aparente da Matéria Seca (CMMS), da Proteína Bruta (CMPB), do Extrato Etéreo (CMEE), do Cálcio (CMCA) e do Fósforo (CMP). Para isto foram obtidas diferentes amostras de milhos com densidades específicas de 740, 760, 780 e 800 kg/m³, em uma fábrica de ração comercial para frangos de corte, localizada no sudeste goiano. As diferentes frações de densidade específica de milho, tiveram diferentes composições bromatológicas, havendo variações principalmente nos teores de Energia Bruta (2,28%), Fibra Bruta (21,6%), Extrato Etéreo (16%) e Percentual de Grãos Carunchados. Os tratamentos foram significativos (P<0,05), sobre os valores de EMA, EMAn, CM_MS, CM_EE, CM_CA e CM_P, porém não tiveram curva de tendência proporcional às variações estipuladas para a densidade específica, não determinando qual fração de milho seria de melhor qualidade nutricional. O que nos alerta para analisar todas as características físicas e químicas dos grãos, além da densidade específica, a afim de determinar a qualidade do milho recebido na fábrica de ração para frango de corte.

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