Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2004. / Bibliography: leaves 104-130. Also available online.

This thesis considers the various perspectives of universities, academic staff and publishers to the copyright ownership of teaching and research outputs produced by UK universities, with a particular focus on how this affects the provision of online and/or open access to those outputs by university libraries. It presents ten papers written over a twenty year time frame that consider these issues within the context of a number of practitioner research projects and demonstrate how practices are changing over time. The papers employ a range of methodologies including questionnaire surveys, comparative design studies, interviews and content analyses. The key findings relating to research outputs (the scholarly royalty-free literature) are that rights are still mainly relinquished to academic staff by UK HEIs, although some HEIs are beginning to assert the right to re-use those works in various ways. Whilst academics are relied upon to either retain copyright or communicate their HEI s copyright policy terms to publishers, in most cases they (reluctantly) assign copyright to publishers. Publishers are increasingly allowing green open access to their scholarly works in some form, but under a growing array of restrictions and conditions principally embargo periods. Publishers terms of re-use for such works (when made explicit) are often restrictive, however most academics would be happy for their works to be re-used non-commercially as long as their moral rights remain protected. This situation creates challenges for both Institutional Repository Managers and copyright clearance staff in Libraries to manage access to, and re-use of, these outputs. The key findings relating to teaching outputs are that copyright mainly lies with HEIs although there are signs that HEIs are moving towards a shared ownership position through licensing. Academics seem to expect some degree of shared ownership, but as with research outputs, are principally concerned that their moral rights are protected. UK HEI copyright policies in this area are fledgling and do not comprehensively address either moral rights issues or other key copyright issues pertaining to OERs. Failure of universities to address these issues is impacting on the motivation of academics to share OERs.

There is an emerging demand on efficiently archiving and (temporal) querying different versions of evolving semantic Web data. As novel archiving systems are starting to address this challenge, foundations/standards for benchmarking RDF archives are needed to evaluate its storage space efficiency and the performance of different retrieval operations. To this end, we provide theoretical foundations on the design of data and queries to evaluate emerging RDF archiving systems. Then, we instantiate these foundations along a concrete set of queries on the basis of a real-world evolving dataset. Finally, we perform an empirical evaluation of various current archiving techniques and querying strategies on this data that is meant to serve as a baseline of future developments on querying archives of evolving RDF data.

The growth of data/information on social media and in large organizations is huge in terms of velocity, volume and variety which is also something being tackled by the large IT companies providing Big Data solutions. The other challenges which are linked to managing the huge pile of data are about ensuring preservation and access of crucial data which has implications in every sector ranging from pharmaceuticals to aerospace and cultural institutions (museums, archives and governmental records). The challenges for data management are further complicated by the changing infrastructure landscape and the new business models to host data in virtualized cloud-based storage termed as Cloud solutions (PaaS, SaaS, and IaaS). Several large companies and public institutions are migrating their data/applications to cloud due to the apparent benefits of scalability, reliability, cost, easy of operability and security. The digitization and maintenance of e-records / digital archives in Cloud provides many potential benefits but it is also prone to several risks to ensure long-term retention of data as well as to ensure integrity, authenticity and accessibility of data. For several organizations such as memory institutions, heavy industries (Aerospace & Defence), banks and pharmaceutical companies, it is business critical to securely store data for long-term with integrity, authenticity and accessibility ensured. Hence, along with preservation of data, it is crucial to keep integrity and authenticity of data intact. The digital forensics methods and tools offer several solutions to ensure preservation of data and detect risks at pre-ingest stage of digital archiving to take appropriate measures towards ensuring authenticity, integrity and accessibility. The specific forensics methods and tools also offers possibilities to detect malicious activities or tampering in the digital archives and prepare report for presentation in the court. This thesis work is focussed on the applications of digital forensics towards ensuring the preservation of data in cloud-based storage. It discusses the applications of processes, methods and tools to improve the acquisition, management and accessibility of collections hosted on cloud-based storage (Google Drive, Sky Drive). The pilot platform (i.e. Google Drive) would be tested with forensics methods/tools to draw conclusions for the memory institutions about hosting their data on cloud storage.

A presente pesquisa acompanha e analisa o desenvolvimento do projeto “________(título)” entre os anos 2012 e 2015. Este projeto consiste em um experimental de arquivamento , edição e apresentação de uma série de livros e instalações em espaços expositivos que contam com a participação de outros artistas. Na pesquisa, são abordadas questões como formação pessoal, performatividade e formas de apresentação e arquivamento em arte. Como resultado da pesquisa, será apresentada uma nova versão impressa do livro “________(título)” e uma experimentação expesitiva na Pinacoteca Barão de Ângelo do Instituto de Artes. / The present research monitors and analyzes the development of the project “________(title)” between the years 2012 and 2015. This project is an experimental process of archiving, editing and presentation of a serie of books and installations which include the participation of others artists. In the research are discussed issues like formation, performativity, forms of presentation and archiving in contemporary art. As result of the research are presented a new printed version of the “________(title)” book and the experimental installation at Pinacoteca Barão de Ângelo do Instituto de Artes.

The potential to share and re-use qualitative archived data has garnered much interest in recent years. This increased attention can be attributed mainly to advances in both data documentation standards and digital archiving technologies, which provide users with the ability to archive, share and disseminate qualitative research materials. However, there remain theoretical and epistemological barriers to and implications for the sharing and re-use of qualitative study data. One way to address these issues is by studying research practices (with practitioners’ active involvement), in combination with developing software tools that support digital archiving of qualitative studies. Semantic technologies, combined with metadata standards and documentation schemas have the potential to enhance qualitative data documentation, archiving and analysis. In fact, it has been established that data documentation is one of the key elements that enables data archiving. The use of appropriate standard documentation frameworks is crucial to data archives’ exposure and has a direct impact on the discoverability, search and retrieval of archived data. The technological aspect of this study has been the development of a self-archiving toolkit that makes use of such technologies. The purpose of this work was to allow users, with varying levels of research experience (e.g. from undergraduate student researchers up to more experienced senior researchers) to avail of the benefits offered by qualitative digital archiving. To complement the technological developments undertaken, the present study also explored the practices of different researchers: undergraduate student researchers, researchers involved in teaching research-oriented modules, as well as senior researchers. This exploration focused on the collection, organisation, analysis and presentation of qualitative data and how these relate to and can be supported by digital archiving to enable researchers to organise, disseminate, and visualise research collections.

A presente pesquisa acompanha e analisa o desenvolvimento do projeto “________(título)” entre os anos 2012 e 2015. Este projeto consiste em um experimental de arquivamento , edição e apresentação de uma série de livros e instalações em espaços expositivos que contam com a participação de outros artistas. Na pesquisa, são abordadas questões como formação pessoal, performatividade e formas de apresentação e arquivamento em arte. Como resultado da pesquisa, será apresentada uma nova versão impressa do livro “________(título)” e uma experimentação expesitiva na Pinacoteca Barão de Ângelo do Instituto de Artes. / The present research monitors and analyzes the development of the project “________(title)” between the years 2012 and 2015. This project is an experimental process of archiving, editing and presentation of a serie of books and installations which include the participation of others artists. In the research are discussed issues like formation, performativity, forms of presentation and archiving in contemporary art. As result of the research are presented a new printed version of the “________(title)” book and the experimental installation at Pinacoteca Barão de Ângelo do Instituto de Artes.

In this thesis, I will examine the difficulties of documenting ephemeral art and the possible solutions that archivists, curators, artists and other museum professions have come up with. I will begin by presenting a background of the history of performance art, which was the impetus for all ephemeral art to come. Then I will present case studies of three artists: Allan Kaprow, Eva Hesse, and Richard Tuttle, and their archival processes, all of which provide very different approaches to similar artistic problems. Finally, I will discuss the implications of re-performance and re-creation of ephemeral artworks.

A Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS) is a health information technology that facilitates the electronic storage, transmission, presentation and processing of digital medical-imaging datasets. The benefits of PACS have been well-documented. It provides a means to replace traditional film-based workflows and their inherent limitations. Referring clinicians’ acceptance is a critical factor in the overall success of a PACS implementation; and given the financial implications of project failure, research into physician acceptance and meaningful use is crucial. Very few PACS acceptance studies have focused on the referring clinicians, and even less in the context of the private sector. Therefore, the problem that this research aims to address is: There is a lack of understanding on which factors influence PACS acceptance and the meaningful use thereof by referring clinicians in private practice. This explorative study follows an embedded mixed methodology approach in order to meet the research objectives, favouring a qualitative method of inquiry with the support of a quantitative strand. Electronic questionnaires were distributed to private practice referring clinicians to probe the aspects related to PACS acceptance and its meaningful use. The conceptual framework, as devised by Paré and Trudel (2007), was used as a theoretical lens to categorize and discuss the research results in terms of Project, Technological, Organizational and Behavioural factors that affect PACS acceptance and its meaningful use. The findings showed good acceptance rates, which is in line with other research conducted in this field, including research done in the public sector. Technical and Organizational factors were the most prevalent. An extension of the above-mentioned theoretical framework was proposed to assist in maintaining positive results after the project Implementation phase has been completed. This research expands the Information Technology PACS body of knowledge – by identifying both the technical and the non-technical factors that are crucial in private practice referring doctor acceptance and meaningful use. By addressing these factors, institutions can improve the likelihood of PACS project success in private practice settings. Maximising referring doctor acceptance and meaningful use could also give private practices a competitive advantage over their competitors.

This master’s thesis is focused on detailed analysis of possibilities of implementing a private cloud and secure data archiving for a long period of time using open-source tools. It describes the individual standards and processes of data preparation, as well as the OAIS reference model for long-term preservation. From the analyzed information, a complete design of the final solution is created, with a description of the functionality and the method of deployment in the environment of Docker containers. The design implementation and the main functionality of individual systems such as Archivematica or Nextcloud are thoroughly described and also the hardware requirements and cryptographic security were evaluated.