A presente pesquisa de doutorado pretende levantar, catalogar e examinar os vestígios arqueológicos dos contextos funerários, datados entre o intervalo do século XI ao VIII a.C. nos principais sítios da região da Argólida (Mapas 1, 2 e 3), Argos, Tirinto, Asine, Micenas, Náuplia e Lerna. Comparando tais dados entre si, e discutindo-os a partir de fundamentos teórico-metodológicos da Arqueologia das Práticas Mortuárias, objetivamos, por fim, levantar considerações sobre os costumes funerários dessa área, revelando possíveis padrões de enterramento e de comportamento sócio-cultural inseridos nas mudanças políticas ocorridas em um período de longa duração, principalmente, durante o período denominado de Alto Arcaísmo, o século VIII a.C., com o processo de formação da pólis argiva. / This thesis intends to gather, catalogue and analyze the archaeological data from the funerary contexts, dated from the XI to the VIII centuries BC in the main sites of the Argive plain (Maps 1, 2 and 3). Finally, it is also our aim to compare the data collected and discuss them through the theoretical and methodological basis of the Archaeology of Mortuary Practices trying to reach some questions and considerations about the funerary customs and burial patterns of this region and also possible social and cultural behavior characteristic of the shifts occurred mainly during the VIII century BC.

A presente pesquisa de doutorado pretende levantar, catalogar e examinar os vestígios arqueológicos dos contextos funerários, datados entre o intervalo do século XI ao VIII a.C. nos principais sítios da região da Argólida (Mapas 1, 2 e 3), Argos, Tirinto, Asine, Micenas, Náuplia e Lerna. Comparando tais dados entre si, e discutindo-os a partir de fundamentos teórico-metodológicos da Arqueologia das Práticas Mortuárias, objetivamos, por fim, levantar considerações sobre os costumes funerários dessa área, revelando possíveis padrões de enterramento e de comportamento sócio-cultural inseridos nas mudanças políticas ocorridas em um período de longa duração, principalmente, durante o período denominado de Alto Arcaísmo, o século VIII a.C., com o processo de formação da pólis argiva. / This thesis intends to gather, catalogue and analyze the archaeological data from the funerary contexts, dated from the XI to the VIII centuries BC in the main sites of the Argive plain (Maps 1, 2 and 3). Finally, it is also our aim to compare the data collected and discuss them through the theoretical and methodological basis of the Archaeology of Mortuary Practices trying to reach some questions and considerations about the funerary customs and burial patterns of this region and also possible social and cultural behavior characteristic of the shifts occurred mainly during the VIII century BC.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans une démarche de géographie historique et d’histoire des représentations de l’espace dans l’Antiquité. Elle vise avant tout à essayer de combler une lacune de l’historiographie contemporaine, à savoir celle d’une définition spatiale de ce que recouvre le terme d’Argolide et des réalités auxquelles il renvoie aux époques archaïque et classique. Cette région, située au nord-est du Péloponnèse, n’apparaît proprement sous le nom d'Argolide, dans les textes littéraires, qu’à l’époque romaine. Une unité territoriale préexistait-elle aux périodes plus anciennes ? L’Argolide est-elle un territoire ou une région aux époques archaïque et classique ou n’est-elle qu’une construction historiographique des Anciens et des Modernes ? En partant de l’analyse des territorialités qui se sont exprimées à ces époques dans la péninsule argolique, nous nous interrogeons sur les représentations spatiales qui touchaient cet espace, pour comprendre s’il formait alors chez les Anciens une unité géographique. La péninsule argolique est parcourue de nombreuses identités, qui forment autant de territoires à des échelles variées (celles de la kômè, de la cité ou encore du territoire ethnique), sans pour autant avoir une identité propre et affirmée qui ferait d’elle un territoire. L’Argolide est le résultat d’une intervention active d’Argos dans le domaine des représentations : elle correspond non seulement au lot de Téménos, qui constitua le mythe argien territorial par excellence, mais aussi à l’association des domaines sur lesquels règnent Agamemnon et Diomède dans le Catalogue des Vaisseaux. L’Argolide regroupe donc symboliquement l’ensemble du nord-est du Péloponnèse. Entité mythologique dans l’imaginaire argien qui se diffusa dans l’ensemble de la Grèce archaïque et classique, l’Argolide est également une réalité tangible, puisqu’elle forme une véritable région aux époques archaïque et classique, c'est-à-dire un cadre propice aux interactions économiques, cultuelles ou culturelles. / This thesis follows the methodology of historical geography and of the history of spatial representations in Ancient Greece. Its main goal is to fill the gap in contemporary historiography, regarding the spatial definition covered by the term of Argolid and the realities to which it refers in the archaic and classical periods. The Argolid, located in the north-east of the Peloponnese, only appears as a region in literature during the Roman period. Did a territorial unit exist in earlier periods? Is the Argolid a territory or a region in the archaic and classical periods or is it just a histographical construct by the Ancients and Moderns?Starting from the analysis of expressed territorialities at these times in the Argolic peninsula, we study the spatial representations related to this space, in order to understand whether it formed a geographical unit for the Greeks back then. In the Argolic peninsula, many identities coexisted, which formed as many territories at different scales (those of kome, of the city or of the ethnic territory). Nevertheless, the peninsula did not have a clear and strong identity that would have made it a territory.The Argolid is the result of active interventions of Argos in the field of representations: it is linked not only to the lot of Temenos, which constituted the famous territorial Argive myth, but also to the association of the areas under the rule of Agamemnon and Diomedes in the Catalogue of Ships. The Argolid hence symbolically includes all the cities of the northeastern Peloponnese. Originally a mythological entity in Argives’ minds, which was later diffused throughout the archaic and classical Greece, the Argolid is also a concrete reality, since it forms a real region in Archaic and Classical periods, that is to say, a favorable environment to economic, worship or cultural interactions.