No description available.

This work seeks to expand understandings regarding the impact of occupational illnesses and injuries on development. It identifies a marked lack of attention to the safety of workplaces in international policy, which belies the importance of occupational health concerns in creating sustainable and effective development policies. Using a materialist epidemiological framework of analysis, I argue that traditional development paradigms have failed to take into account the importance of quality of employment when determining policies for and in the Global South. The case study of the asbestos industry in Brazil is provided to illustrate the physiological, political, and socioeconomic effects that occupational illnesses may have in society. By examining how family members are affected by their interactions with the Brazilian asbestos industry in those three areas, I identify a far-reaching and under-examined burden created by the presence of unsafe workplaces. I conclude that development policies that ignore occupational health concerns ultimately serve to perpetuate structured social and economic inequalities and contribute to ongoing poverty in the Global South. Significant theoretical and practical re-orientations by both policy-makers and researchers are needed if meaningful improvements in development policy are to occur that take into account the importance of workplace quality.

Asbestos, a fibrous mineral with excellent chemical and physical properties and a very wide application, especially in civil engineering, is now known to be a proven human carcinogen and therefore its utilization was forbidden. It causes asbestosis, pleural hyalinosis, acute exudative pleuritis, lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma. Recently, many reconstructions of school facilities took place and are still taking place across the Czech Republic. This causes the drilling and cutting of asbestos and thus the release of fibres into the atmosphere and the interiors of buildings. Many reconstructions were also executed in South Bohemia, where panels containing asbestos were handled. This was a cause of concern not only for teachers, the employees of the schools affected, but also for the parents of children attending schools containing asbestos materials. A whole number of bodies in mutual cooperation participated in the disposal of asbestos in schools in the Czech Republic. It is thus very necessary and useful for public health officers and the above-listed entities involved, to have information about how their approach to the given problem and the whole solution of the problem was assessed by the teachers. The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and investigative. The work deals with the evaluation of the solution to the problem of asbestos by authorities involved in the school from the teachers' point of view. The theoretical part deals with selected chemical pollutants in the work environment. It also focuses on the pollutant asbestos in general. Lastly, another chapter is devoted to the issue of the assessment of health risks, which is very closely related to pollutants in the work environment. The practical part contains the results that emerged from interviews with teachers. In the discussion, the results are compared with online articles and specialist literature. The necessary data for the research part of the thesis was obtained through qualitative research interviews with educators from the elementary school Máj I. Through the evaluation of the interviews, I answered the research questions and identified several hypotheses that could be tested in future quantitative research. In this thesis, I aimed to identify the level of cooperation of stakeholders in addressing the issue of asbestos disposal in the school concerned in the South Bohemian Region. Research suggests that the solution to the problem of asbestos in the school was judged largely positively by the teachers. They particularly praised the approach of the Municipality of České Budějovice. They criticized the errors made by the OHL ŽS and Mapoz Zliv companies regarding the reconstruction and also the company Sita cz, which carried out the sanitation works, after whose intervention the teachers lacked many things. Educators confused the competences of the regional health authorities with the competences of the Health Institute, and therefore the general public should get acquainted with the competences of these bodies in order to facilitate the communication between the different entities and the public, not only in the asbestos issue.

Resumo: A mina de Cana Brava, localizada no município de Minaçu (GO), inserida no complexo ultramáfico de Cana Brava, é a única produtora de crisotila do país. Neste trabalho foram elaborados modelos geométrico, geoestatístico e conceitual do depósito em questão, com o intuito de agregar informação pertinente à gênese do minério, recalcular suas reservas e orientar a lavra. A base de dados utilizada para a geração do modelo geométrico compreende todas as campanhas de sondagens realizadas desde o inicio das atividades da mina. Estes dados permitiram a construção de seções geológicas, as quais foram interpretadas e integradas, o que permitiu a determinação da forma e das dimensões dos corpos mineralizados, bem como suas relações de contato com as rochas encaixantes. A modelagem geoestatísica consistiu na fragmentação do modelo geométrico, estudo variográfico, construção e comparação dos elipsoides de anisotropia variográfica, construção de modelo de blocos e krigagem ordinária dos teores de fibra de crisotila e permitiu o dimensionar os corpos mineralizados, estimar os teores e fibra e a variação dos mesmos. A análise das estruturas relacionadas às mineralizações associada a estudos petrográficos e análises químicas permitiu determinar os controles litológicos e estruturais da mineralização (modelo conceitual). A partir destes dados pode-se afirmar que a gênese do minério está associada à percolação de fluídos hidrotermais pela zona de cisalhamento norte-sul no extremo sul do complexo. A presença vênulas de crisotila em todas as rochas do complexo sugere a atuação de processo de ebulição violento (boiling), responsável pelo fraturamento das rochas e concomitante precipitação de serpentina. Supõe-se que nos locais mais afetados pelo idrocataclasamento a atuação dos fluidos hidrotermais tenha sido mais intensa. Nesse contexto, a presença de rochas peridotíticas, mais favoráveis à geração de serpentinas, estaria associada à formação de serpentinito verde (em avançado estado de serpentinização e de alto teor). Fora da região de “stockwork”, o fluido teria percolado as fraturas, abertas e fechadas, associadas a um sistema Riedel compressional e distencioal. Havendo espaço suficiente, ocorreria a precipitação de serpentina, do contrário ocorreria apenas a formação de zonas de alteração não mineralizadas. Ou seja, além da região de foco do hidrocataclasamento, a mineralização está associada às fraturas e falhas geradas em processos anteriores, sendo que a composição da rocha em contato com o fluido mineralizador teria importância crucial na formação de minério de alto teor.

Orientador: Hildebrando Hermann / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-26T20:00:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Scliar_Claudio_D.pdf: 6567875 bytes, checksum: 2a90d1f444d18146981361f2628eafd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000 / Doutorado

Orientador : Djalma de Carvalho Moreira Filho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-27T23:46:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kitamura_Satoshi_D.pdf: 14006443 bytes, checksum: 7af3a7da978cbf66f0ff41c545ab1ec9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: ABORDAGEM QUALI QUANTITATIVA DA EXPOSIÇÃO POPULACIONAL A POEIRAS: critério para estimar a exposição populacional cumulativa à poeira, em atividade de mineração de asbesto na mina de São Félix em Poções, BA (1940 a 1967) e na mina de Cana Brava, em Minaçu, GO (1967 a 1996) O fato da ocupação constituir-se em um fator importante na causalidade de agravos à saúde é conhecido desde há muito tempo. Por outro lado, grupos de trabalhadores tem sido alvo de estudos de natureza epidemiológica principalmente naqueles que visam comprovar o fenômeno da dose-resposta ou dose-efeito em uma população. O presente estudo visa pois, a metodologia para abordar quali-quantitativamente a exposição populacional a poeiras, testando na prática, o método para a obtenção de dados sobre a concentração de poeira no ar através de entrevistas pessoais de trabalhadores e ex-trabalhadores (1940 a 1996) da atividade de mineração em minas de asbesto no Brasil, dados estes que serviram para alimentar uma matriz de exposição na avaliação de exposição cumulativa a poeira contendo asbesto / Abstract: QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE APPROACH OF A POPULATIONAL EXPOSURE TO DUST: criteriom to estimate the populational exposure to dust, in asbesto mining activity in São Felix mine (from 1940 to 1967), in Poções, state of Bahia and Cana Brava mine (from 1967 to 1996), in Minaçu, state of Goiás, both in Brazil. - The fact that occupations may constitute into an important factor as a cause of diseases has been well known for a long time. By the other hand, groups of workers have been assessed by researchers, under the epidemiological point ofview, mainly to get proof of any dose-response and/or dose-effect relationship in a given population. The present study aims the methodology to get the qualitative and quantitative approach to a populational exposure to dust. A practical test of the method to get data on the dust concentration in the air through personal interview of workers and former workers of asbesto mining activity in Brazil has been applied. Numerical data are applied in a modified Job Exposure Matrix to give workers past cummulative exposure data / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

No description available.

[Truncated abstract] This thesis examines the health outcomes of women exposed to blue asbestos at Wittenoom, Western Australia. Blue asbestos was mined and milled from 1943 to 1966 by the Australian Blue Asbestos Company (ABA) at Wittenoom, 1,600km from Perth in the remote Pilbara region of Western Australia. The original work for this thesis is presented in six manuscripts, some of which have been published in peer-reviewed Journals. The following aims have been investigated. 1. (a) To compare the all-cause mortality rates of women who lived at Wittenoom compared with all-cause mortality rates of the Western Australian female population (b) To assess the exposure-response relationship between asbestos and mortality in women. 2. (a) To compare the incidence rates of common cancers in women who lived at Wittenoom, compared with the incidence rates of these cancers in the Western Australian female population. (b) To assess the exposure-response relationship between asbestos and cancer incidence at various sites in women. 3. (a) To determine if reproductive cancers (ovarian, uterine cervical and corpus and breast) and gestational trophoblastic diseases are associated with asbestos exposure. v (b) To determine if ovarian cancer has been misclassified as malignant peritoneal mesothelioma or vice versa. (c) To determine if colon cancer has been misclassified as malignant peritoneal mesothelioma or vice versa. (d) To assess the exposure-response relationship between asbestos and reproductive cancer incidence. 4. To assess the susceptibility of women to asbestos exposure in comparison with men with similar exposure histories. 5. To predict the future mortality from malignant mesothelioma among women who lived at Wittenoom. '...' The Wittenoom crocidolite industry has had a damaging impact upon the health of the women workers and residents who lived there. Wittenoom women are more likely to die from malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer, all cancers and all causes than women in the Western Australian population. This brief period of crocidolite mining in Western Australia's history will continue to exert a detrimental impact upon the future of the women who lived there, with another 66 to 87 mesotheliomas predicted to occur to the end of 2030.

Orientador: Ericson Batagin / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:18:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TradNeto_Jose_M.pdf: 5089755 bytes, checksum: 20cb0e0818ae3ad40d0707cdba727b01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Inúmeros são os estudos de mortalidade entre os trabalhadores expostos ao asbesto na literatura científica mundial. No Brasil, apesar de minerado há mais de meio século, até então nenhuma investigação epidemiológica fora realizada. O presente trabalho estuda a mortalidade entre expostos, a nível ocupacional, ao asbesto na atividade de mineração, em dois períodos distintos. De uma população de 10.394 trabalhadores admitidos no período de 1940-2000, foram estudados 480 óbitos. Utilizou-se o método da Investigação Interamericana de Mortalidade adaptado para a saúde ocupacional. Este trabalho visa a obtenção da causa básica do óbito e avalia a qualidade das informações, descrevendo os perfis de mortalidade nos 480 óbitos, classificados conforme a CID-10. As maiores freqüências de causas de mortalidade são comparáveis aos padrões brasileiros, onde as doenças do aparelho respiratório não figuram entre as três primeiras. O que aprimora a qualidade da informação é o conjunto de dados provenientes dos certificados de óbito, das informações médicas e da entrevista familiar. Esse trabalho descritivo possibilita a proposição de futuros estudos analíticos / Abstract: There are several mortality studies of asbestos workers at scientific literature. In Brazil, this activity exists since 1940 and there is not an epidemiological investigation. This study describes the mortality among asbestos workers in mining activity, on two phases, at different areas of Brazil. There were 10.394 workers registered during 1940-2000. The total number of deaths was 480. It used the Inter-American Investigation of Mortality method, with modifications for occupational health, identifying the underlying cause of death. Describes the mortality types, using the ICD-10 and estimates the information quality. The most mortality causes frequency is comparable to Brazilian standards, where the respiratory diseases aren¿t between the three most frequent. This descriptive study allows inferences for future analytic studies / Mestrado / Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

Στην παρούσα διατριβή ελέγχθηκε η καταλληλότητα των υπερβασικών και βασικών πετρωμάτων ως αδρανή υλικά υψηλής ποιότητας σε διάφορες κατασκευαστικές εφαρμογές. Ενώ παράλληλα πραγματοποιήθηκε συσχέτιση των φυσικομηχανικών παραμέτρων των πετρωμάτων με τα ορυκτολιγικά και δομικά χαρακτηριστικά τους. Επιπροσθέτως, ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δόθηκε στην περιεκτικότητα των υπο εξέταση αδρανών υλικών σε αμιαντικά ορυκτά, καθώς αυτή πρέπει να διερευνάται προ της χρήσης τους ως αδρανή υλικά. Ομοίως, επιβλαβή συστατικά, τα οποία και εξετάστηκαν, αποτελούν και οι ενώσεις του Cr και του Ni που απαντώνται σε μεγάλο βαθμό στους υπερβασικούς λιθότυπους. / -