In 1924, Herbert Eimert’s Atonale Musiklehre was the first published text to describe a systematic approach to composing atonal music. It contains significant contributions to the discourse on the early development of twelve-tone composition. While Eimert uses the term “atonal” to describe his compositional approach, his definition of atonality demands that all twelve tones be present with none repeated, and that they present as complexes not ordered rows. Eimert’s discussion of atonality differs from others of the same period because he focuses on vertical sonorities and introduces “interlocking complexes”, wherein two separate statements of the aggregate can overlap by one pitch or by a set of pitches. Interlocking complexes are an important feature of Eimert’s string quartet Fünf Stücke für Streichquartett, which was published in 1925 and composed at the same time as Atonale Musiklehre was written. In the foreword to Atonale Musiklehre, Eimert clarifies that he is not the originator of the concept of atonality, rather that he absorbed the ideas of Josef Matthias Hauer and Jefim Golyscheff. Twelve-tone complexes appear first in Golyscheff’s 1914 String Trio. He refers to them as “twelve-tone duration complexes” and labels them in the score. As the name “duration complexes” implies, there are examples of serial rotation of rhythm in the Trio, a technique that is not developed further until the 1950s. Combined with the text of Atonale Musiklehre, the compositions of Golyscheff and Eimert from the year immediately following the book’s publication provide insight into the early development of “atonality” and twelve-tone compositional methods. Investigation of these documents that have not been thoroughly discussed in print provides a broader perspective of the development of these methods of composition.

A Culture of Dissonance: Wassily Kandinsky, Atonality, and Abstraction by Lynn Edward Boland, Ph.D. Supervisor: Linda D. Henderson Wassily Kandinsky's interest in music as a source for abstraction in painting has often been noted in the scholarship on his art. However, no studies have sufficiently explained how the artist employed musical strategies, especially as he was developing his abstract style in the first decade of the twentieth century. Kandinsky's looked primarily to Arnold Schoenberg's new musical idioms and theories, and he was deeply inspired by highly dissonant music, but his ideas were set within a much broader context that further suggested and encouraged the expressive and transformative power of dissonance. By the late nineteenth century, extended passages of dissonance were common in musical compositions. At the same time, the concept of dissonance as a positive force was suggested in a wide range of late nineteenth-century literature, including the writings of Friedrich [should be this spelling throughout] Nietzsche, occult authors, popular texts on physics and experimental psychology, as well as within music and art theory. Close readings of Kandinsky's theoretical texts and selected works of art provide insights into how he might have understood and employed these concepts in his formation of an abstract style. Kandinsky's paintings Impression III (Concert) of 1911 and Composition VII of 1913 are the primary artistic foci of this study, along with his book Concerning the Spiritual in Art and the anthology Der Blaue Reiter, which he co-edited. This dissertation will seek to restore the concept of musical dissonance and its application in the visual arts to its historical context for Kandinsky. This will facilitate more informed formal analyses of Schoenberg's music and Kandinsky's paintings, which, in turn, suggest strategies of atonal musical composition applied to abstract painting. Additionally, this dissertation will establish an artistic context of visual dissonance that goes beyond Kandinsky, including artistic movements in France and Russia, allowing additional comparisons and a consideration of the larger impact of these ideas. / text

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Thesis (Ph. D)--University of Rochester, 2008. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references. Digitized version available online via the Sibley Music Library, Eastman School of Music http://hdl.handle.net/1802/7669

Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de aspectos históricos e conceituais do sprechgesang (canto falado) usado por Arnold Schoenberg no seu melodrama Pierrot Lunaire, op 21. O estudo tem por finalidade principal apresentar sugestões de interpretação para a execução da obra quando adaptada ao texto recriado para o idioma português pelo poeta Augusto de Campos. Inicialmente são apresentadas três trajetórias históricas: a primeira enfoca a transformação do personagem Pierrot através dos tempos e regiões da Europa, a segunda, a evolução do uso da declamação no gênero literomusical melodrama, e a terceira, a presença do gênero melodrama na evolução da obra de Arnold Schoenberg. Em seguida, são estudados aspectos conceituais específicos de Pierrot Lunaire por meio de elaboração de análises comparativas. Três interpretações da obra, registradas em cd comercial por artistas consagradas, são usadas como objeto de estudo para estas análises, cujo interesse maior se concentra na compreensão das múltiplas possibilidades de leitura do sprechgesang. Por fim, como aplicação prática dos conceitos estudados neste trabalho, foi criada, em parceria com a cantora Erika Muniz, uma interpretação para o sprechgesang de Pierrot Lunaire adaptado ao português. / This dissertation presents a study on conceptual and historical aspects of Arnold Schoenberg\'s use of Sprechgesang (speech-singing) in his melodrama Pierrot Lunaire, op. 21. The study aims primarily at building up interpretative patterns for a particular version of the piece - adapted to a recreation of the text in Portuguese by the poet Augusto de Campos. Initially, three historical approaches are presented: the transformation of Pierrot through time and places in Europe; the evolution of the use of recitation in the \"literary-musical\" genre melodrama; and the presence of the genre melodrama in Arnold Schoenberg\'s work. Then, specific conceptual aspects of Pierrot Lunaire are studied through comparative analysis. For this, three interpretations of the piece, recorded in commercial CDs by recognized artists, are used as object. The analysis focuses chiefly on comprehending the multiple reading possibilities of Sprechgesang. Finally, in order to apply the concepts studied in this work, an interpretation for the Sprechgesang in Pierrot Lunaire adapted to Portuguese was created. This was done in a partnership with the singer Érika Muniz.

Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de aspectos históricos e conceituais do sprechgesang (canto falado) usado por Arnold Schoenberg no seu melodrama Pierrot Lunaire, op 21. O estudo tem por finalidade principal apresentar sugestões de interpretação para a execução da obra quando adaptada ao texto recriado para o idioma português pelo poeta Augusto de Campos. Inicialmente são apresentadas três trajetórias históricas: a primeira enfoca a transformação do personagem Pierrot através dos tempos e regiões da Europa, a segunda, a evolução do uso da declamação no gênero literomusical melodrama, e a terceira, a presença do gênero melodrama na evolução da obra de Arnold Schoenberg. Em seguida, são estudados aspectos conceituais específicos de Pierrot Lunaire por meio de elaboração de análises comparativas. Três interpretações da obra, registradas em cd comercial por artistas consagradas, são usadas como objeto de estudo para estas análises, cujo interesse maior se concentra na compreensão das múltiplas possibilidades de leitura do sprechgesang. Por fim, como aplicação prática dos conceitos estudados neste trabalho, foi criada, em parceria com a cantora Erika Muniz, uma interpretação para o sprechgesang de Pierrot Lunaire adaptado ao português. / This dissertation presents a study on conceptual and historical aspects of Arnold Schoenberg\'s use of Sprechgesang (speech-singing) in his melodrama Pierrot Lunaire, op. 21. The study aims primarily at building up interpretative patterns for a particular version of the piece - adapted to a recreation of the text in Portuguese by the poet Augusto de Campos. Initially, three historical approaches are presented: the transformation of Pierrot through time and places in Europe; the evolution of the use of recitation in the \"literary-musical\" genre melodrama; and the presence of the genre melodrama in Arnold Schoenberg\'s work. Then, specific conceptual aspects of Pierrot Lunaire are studied through comparative analysis. For this, three interpretations of the piece, recorded in commercial CDs by recognized artists, are used as object. The analysis focuses chiefly on comprehending the multiple reading possibilities of Sprechgesang. Finally, in order to apply the concepts studied in this work, an interpretation for the Sprechgesang in Pierrot Lunaire adapted to Portuguese was created. This was done in a partnership with the singer Érika Muniz.

Prolongation in post-tonal music is a topic that music theorists have engaged for several decades now. The problems of applying Schenkerian analytical techniques to post-tonal music are numerous and have invited several adaptations of the method. The bulk of the thesis offers a survey of prolongational analyses of post-tonal music. Analyses of theorists such as Felix Salzer, Allen Forte, Joseph Straus, Edward Laufer, and Olli Väisälä are examined in order to reveal their various underlying theoretical principles. The thesis concludes with an analysis of Alban Berg's Warm die Lüfte from his Op. 2 collection that focuses on the prolongation of a referential sonority that forms the background of the song. The analysis highlights the most significant analytical techniques and theoretical concepts explored in the survey and codifies them in a generally applicable method of post-tonal prolongational analysis.

No description available.

Orientador: Mauricy Matos Martin / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T11:49:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zaghi_Rogerio_M.pdf: 13471941 bytes, checksum: 6f974ec4d4cf242d69629df92d65383f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Esta dissertação, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Artes da Universidade Estadual de Campinas/UNICAMP, destina-se a cumprir parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Artes, na área de concentração em Música. Com o título Perspectivas Analíticas e Interpretativas na Obra para Piano de Arnold Schönberg e constituída de volume único, traz cinco capítulos dedicados à obra de Schönberg, com destaque especial para o conjunto de peças escritas para piano solo. Em Arnold Schönberg: legado de contribuições para uma nova estética musical (Cap. 1), a obra de Schönberg, como um todo, é brevemente apresentada. Ainda nesse capítulo, um item destinado especificamente ao piano traz informações sobre o pequeno, porém fundamental conjunto de peças que configuram sua obra completa para piano. Nos capítulos centrais (Cap. 2, 3 e 4), aspectos ligados aos elementos que estruturam a linguagem do compositor foram explorados de diversas maneiras: em O motivo como elemento gerador e unificador do discurso musical da Peça para Piano, Op. 11, no 1 (Cap. 2), o tratamento motívico é investigado, trazendo à tona aspectos inovadores da linguagem atonal-livre em comunhão com procedimentos encontrados na tradição tonal;em O Método Dodecafônico, sua descoberta e a aplicação na primeira obra inteiramente dodecafônica: a Suíte para Piano, Op. 25 (Cap. 3), o Método de Composição com Doze Sons é investigado pelo estudo de suas origens, de aspectos técnicos específicos até a localização do conjunto serial no Präludium da Suíte, Op. 25. Forma e tradição na estruturação do discurso musical das Cinco Peças, Op. 23 e da Suíte, Op. 25 (Cap. 4) abre com uma breve análise das Cinco Peças, Op. 23, abordando o princípio estrutural em que cada uma está sedimentada, além de apresentar um esquema sintético de sua estrutura formal. Na Suíte, Op. 25, procede-se a uma comparação com a forma suíte do período barroco. Investigam-se os movimentos de dança e descortinam-se suas ligações profundas com essa forma tradicional. Em Aspectos relevantes na interpretação e execução da obra para piano de Arnold Schönberg (Cap. 5) suscita-se o paradoxo referente à imensa quantidade de estudos e investigações a respeito de sua obra em oposição à pequena freqüência da sua execução. Com base tanto nos escritos do compositor, quanto nas análises feitas nos capítulos anteriores, revelam-se elementos que podem auxiliar o intérprete-pianista da obra de Schönberg. Dois anexos com partitura integral complementam o trabalho: o primeiro com o Drei Klavierstücke, Op. 11, no 1, e o segundo com o Klavierstücke, Op. 11, no 2, este último a Konzertmässige Interpretation von Ferrucio Busoni. Mediante as Considerações Finais, apresento questionamentos decorrentes de toda a investigação realizada. Segue-se a Bibliografia, que fundamenta essa pesquisa / Abstract: This thesis, presented to the Fine Arts Post Graduate Program of the University of Campinas / UNICAMP, intended to fulfill part of the requirements for obtaining the Master in Fine Arts, in the field of Music. With the title Analytic and Interpretive Perspectives in Arnold Schönberg Piano Oeuvre and composed of a single volume, brings five chapters dedicated to Schönberg's work, with particular attention to the pieces written for piano solo. In Arnold Schönberg: legacy of contributions to a new musical aesthetics (chapter 1), Schönberg's body of work,as a whole, is briefly presented. Still in this chapter, an item specifically destined to piano brings information about the small, but fundamental group of pieces that configure his complete work for piano. In the central chapters (chapter 2, 3 and 4), aspects related to the composer's language structure were approached in different manners: In The motif as a generator and unifying element to the musical speech of the Piano Piece, Opus 11 nº 1 (Chapter 2), the motivic treatment is investigated, bringing to surface the innovating aspects of the atonal-free language in communion with procedures found in tonal tradition; in The dodecaphonic Method, its discovery and application in the first completely dodecaphonic piece: the Piano Suite, Opus 25 (Chapter 3), the Twelve-Tone Technique is investigated through the study of its origins, from specific technical aspects to the localization of the serial assemblage in the Präludium of the Suite, Opus 25. Shape and tradition in the structuring of the musical speech of the Five Pieces, Opus 23 and The Suite Opus 25 (Chapter 4) begining with a brief analisis of the Five Pieces, Opus 23, approaching the structural principle in which each one is built, in addition to present a sinthetic scheme of its formal structure. In the Suite, Opus 25, incurring in a comparison to the suite's form in the Baroque Period. The dance movements are investigated and its deep connections to this traditional form unfold. In Relevant aspects in interpretation and execution of the piano piece of Arnold Schönberg (Chapter 5) allures the paradox concerning the immense quantity of studies ans investigations regarding his work and the small frequency of its execution. Supported by the composer's writings, as well as analysis done in the previous chapters, elements that may help the pianist-interpreter of Schönberg's work are revealed. Two annex with full scores complement the thesis: the first one with Drei Klavierstücke, Opus 11, no 1, and the second with Klavierstücke, Opus 11, no. 2, the later with Konzertmässige Interpretation von Ferrucio Busoni. By the Final Considerations, I present questions deriving of the whole analysis. Followed By the Bibliography, which support this essay / Mestrado / Mestre em Artes

Ämnet för denna kandidatuppsats är Arnold Schönbergs verk Pierrot Lunaire. Det komponerades under sommaren 1912 och är än idag ett av de mest fascinerande modernistiska verk som finns, ofta framfört och ständigt aktuellt. Jag har i uppsatsen, förutom att ha gett en redogörelse för uppkomsten av Pierrot Lunaire och dess betydelse, undersökt min egen inlärningsprocess när jag som sångerska instuderat fyra satser ur verket, och utifrån resultatet dragit slutsatser om hur den här typen av musik bäst instuderas. Syftet med studien var alltså en utforskning av olika metoder för instudering, specifikt inom området svårinlärd vokalmusik. Metodiskt består denna undersökning av några olika komponenter. Själva studien i inlärning genomfördes på min loggbok över övningstimmar ägnade åt Arnold Schönbergs Pierrot Lunaire, vilken jag strukturerat efter tre sinsemellan olika instuderingsmetoder, som sedan i retrospektiv vägs mot varandra för att påvisa vilken som ger störst effektivitet. Utöver detta har jag läst en rad vetenskapliga artiklar i akt och mening att få begrepp om Pierrot Lunaire’s upphovspersoner samt deras levnadsförlopp, och därtill om själva verkets natur. Vidare har jag tillsammans med en pianist navigerat mig igenom musiken och spelat in ett klingande exempel som bifogas till denna uppsats. Resultatet av studien har varit relativt entydigt men vägen till den slutsats jag kunde dra har inte varit helt rak – det har visat sig att olika inlärningsprocesser kan ge olika resultat beroende på om man vill lära sig materialet på lång eller kort sikt. Man kan dra slutsatsen att en grundlig och systematisk instudering av de olika musikaliska aspekterna var för sig, påvisat med instuderingsmetod nr. 2 har det mest långsiktiga resultatet i fråga om precision och säkerhet, vilket i sin tur leder till större konstnärlig frihet. Detta resultat innebär insikt om hur jag, och förhoppningsvis andra, bör förhålla oss till instudering av modernistisk konstmusik. / <p>Bilaga 1 – Partitur på fyra satser ur <em>Pierrot Lunaire (</em>Arnold Schönberg, Op. 21 komponerad år 1912),<em> </em>se nedan. </p><p>Bilaga 2 - MP3-fil innhehållandes framförandet av fyra satser ur <em>Pierrot Lunaire.</em> </p><p>Sopran: Eleonora Poignant </p><p>Piano: Anonymiserad student vid KMH</p><p>1. Mondestrunken</p><p>4. Eine blasse Wäscherin</p><p>6. Madonna</p><p>7. Der kranke Mond </p>