Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Robba Asola Fratti.pdf: 1045802 bytes, checksum: a3bb5045a43064f459393edbd811e6cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-19 / Introduction: Despite technological advances currently available, the audiometric test tonal still represents the only test that evaluates the hearing in a range of frequencies. Due to cases of incompatibility of results in clinical practice is essential to conduct research using different stimuli during the tests. Objective: To compare PTA thresholds gotten with the warble and narrow band stimuli in subjects with sensorio-neural hearing loss, without and with tinnitus. Method: The audiometric thresholds by air conduction with the stimulus warble and narrow band were researched in the frequencies 250 to 8000Hz in both ears in three groups: subjects with normal hearing, with hearing loss and without tinnitus and with hearing loss and tinnitus. Results: The results demonstrated meaningful statistic differences between warble and narrow band in all of groups. In the comparative analysis, the differences had been higher, with significance statistics, in the groups with hearing loss when compared with the subjects with normal hearing, independently of the tinnitus. Conclusion: the use of different stimulus in the audiometric evaluation can represent an important strategy for attainment of trustworth thresholds, mainly in subjects with hearing losses / Introdução: Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos atualmente disponíveis, a audiometria tonal ainda representa o único teste de audição que avalia a acuidade auditiva em uma determinada faixa de freqüências. Devido aos casos de incompatibilidade dos resultados encontrados na prática clínica é fundamental a realização de pesquisas utilizando diferentes estímulos durante os testes. Objetivo: Comparar os limiares audiométricos obtidos com os estímulos warble e narrow band em sujeitos com perda auditiva sem e com a presença de zumbido. Método: Foi realizada a audiometria tonal liminar por via aérea com os estímulos warble e narrow band nas freqüências de 250 a 8000 Hz (Hertz) em ambas as orelhas em três grupos: normo-ouvintes, com perda auditiva e sem zumbido e com perda auditiva e com zumbido. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o warble e narrow band intragrupos. Na análise comparativa, as diferenças foram maiores, com significância estatística, nos grupos com perda auditiva quando comparados aos normo-ouvintes, independentemente da presença de zumbido. Conclusão: a utilização de diferentes estímulos na realização da avaliação audiométrica pode representar uma importante estratégia para obtenção de limiares fidedignos, principalmente em indivíduos com perdas auditivas

Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence and nature of auditory and otological manifestations in adults with HIV/AIDS according to clinical examinations and self-reported symptoms. Auditory profiles of HIV individuals were compared to that of a matched control group. Study design: A descriptive, cross-sectional group design was utilized in the first section of the study while a comparative, control matched research design was used to compare the HIV group and matched control group. Methods: Two hundred HIV positive adult patients attending the Infectious Disease Clinic of the 1 Military Hospital were included through convenience sampling. Participants were interviewed, medical files were reviewed and clinical examinations, including otoscopy, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry and distortion product oto-acoustic emissions, were completed. A control group of 184 individuals were compiled, matched to 184 of the HIV infected participants according to age, gender, ethnicity as well as working environment. Audiological thresholds at 0.5kHz – 4kHz were compared among these groups. Results: A prevalence of self-reported tinnitus (26%), vertigo (25%) hearing loss (27.5%), otalgia (19%) and pruritis (38%) was recorded. The onset of hearing loss was reported to be mostly (82%) of a slow progressive nature. Abnormalities in tympanometry, otoscopy and oto acoustic emissions were found in respectively 41%, 55% and 44% of participants. Hearing loss greater than 25 dB (PTA) was recorded in 14% of participants compared to 39% for hearing loss greater than 15 dB (PTA). Although not statistically significant (p<.05), self reported vertigo, self reported hearing loss, OAE abnormalities, hearing loss (PTA>15dB and PTA>25dB) and occurrence of mild hearing loss occurred throughout the CDC categories which were used as a measure of disease progression. A statistically significant increase (p<.05) in sensorineural hearing loss was seen with disease progression. In the comparative section, statistically significant (p<.05) worse thresholds were found in the HIV group as opposed to the control group at all frequencies (0.5 kHz – 4 kHz). Conclusions: Auditory and otological symptoms occurred frequently in this sample, while an increase in some symptoms as well as hearing loss was seen throughout disease progression. Sensorineural hearing loss increased significantly through disease progression. Hearing loss occurred more frequently in HIV individuals as opposed to individuals in the control group, while hearing loss occur more frequently in the more advanced stages of HIV infection. / Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / Unrestricted