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Orientador: Maria Celeste Tommasello Ramos / Banca: Álvaro Luiz Hattnher / Banca: Maria Cláudia Rodrigues Alves / Banca: Elza Kioko Nakayama Nenoki do Couto / Banca: Cláudia Fernanda Campos Mauro / Resumo: Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre os romances Uma vida e A consciência de Zeno e sobre os capítulos esparsos "Un contratto", "Le confessioni del vegliardo", "Umbertino", "Il mio ozio" e "Il vecchione" do autor italiano Italo Svevo. A partir da análise dos textos, o trabalho mostra como essas narrativas são exemplos do narcisismo literário, em que o artifício utilizado para fazer Literatura se torna a própria matéria narrada. Além disso, o estudo mostra a evidente evolução do trabalho de Svevo no que diz respeito ao artefato crítico e à consciência do trabalho criativo, uma vez que a presente tese analisa três momentos distintos de sua obra e demonstra um inegável amadurecimento dessas questões. A ênfase da análise empreendida está nos elementos referentes às autobiografias ficcionais e à metaficção, que dão ensejo também ao estudo sobre o foco narrativo e o tempo / Abstract: This thesis presents a study about the novels A life and Zeno's conscience and some sparse chapters, i.e. "Un contratto", "Le confessioni del vegliardo", "Umbertino", "Il mio ozio" and "Il vecchione" from the Italian author Italo Svevo. Based on the analysis of the texts, the work shows how these narratives are examples of literary narcissism, in which the employed artifice to do Literature becomes the narrated theme itself. Furthermore, the study shows a clear evolution of Svevo's work in relation to the critic artifact and the consciousness of the creative work, since this thesis examines three different moments of his work and demonstrates an undeniable maturity of these issues. The emphasis of the undertaken analysis relies on the constituents relating to the fictional autobiographies and to the metafiction, giving rise also to the study of narrative focus and time / Doutor

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Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Es planteja el caràcter bifront del gènere autobiogràfic. Siegfried Sassoon, poeta i combatent de la Primera Guerra Mundial, és l'autor de les memòries de George Sherston que narren la infantesa i joventut del protagonista en l'entorn rural idíl·lic del sud d'Anglaterra i, després, la seva participació al front occidental. Tanmateix, resulta difícil adscriure aquestes memòries a la ficció pel sol fet que els noms de l'autor i el narrador-protagonista no coincideixin. La trilogia autobiogràfica de Sherston narra amb precisió documental les vicissituds biogràfiques més rellevants de Sassoon. Ficció i autobiografia, història i memòria configuren alguns dels trets distintius d'una narració que explora i explota la hibridesa genèrica. / The dual nature of the autobiography genre is approached. Siegfried Sassoon, poet and combatant in the First World War, is the author of the memoirs of George Sherston, which narrate the childhood and youth of the protagonist in the idyllic rural environment of southern England followed by his participation on the Western Front. However, it is difficult to label these memoirs as fiction only because the names of the author and the narrator-protagonist are not the same. Sherston's autobiographical trilogy narrates with documentary accuracy the most relevant biographical vicissitudes of Sassoon. Fiction and autobiography, history and memory make up some of the distinctive traits of a narrative that explores and exploits the hybridism of the genre.

This thesis considers elements of autobiography and autobiographical fiction in the writings of three female Modernists: Jean Rhys, Gertrude Stein and Djuna Barnes. In chapter 1, after drawing distinctions between male and female autobiographical writing, I discuss key male autobiographical fictions of the Modernist period by D.H. Lawrence, Marcel Proust and James Joyce, and their debt to the nineteenth century literary forms of the Bildungsroman and the Künstlerroman. I relate these texts to key European writers, Andre Gide and Colette, and to works by women based on two separate female Modernist aesthetics: first, the school of "lyrical transcendence"—Dorothy Richardson, Katherine Mansfield and Virginia Woolf—in whose works the self as literary subject dissolves into a renunciatory "female impressionism;" the second group—Rhys, Stein and Barnes--who as late-modernists, offer radically "objectified" self-portraits in fiction which act as critiques and revisions of both male and female Modernist fiction of earlier decades. In chapter 2, I discuss Jean Rhys' objectification of female self-consciousness through her analysis of alienation in two different settings: the Caribbean and the cities of Europe. As an outsider in both situations, Rhys presents an unorthodox counter-vision. In her fictions of the 1930's, she deliberately revises earlier Modernist representations, by both male and female writers, of female self-consciousness. In the process, she offers a simultaneous critique of both social and literary conventions. In chapter 3, I consider Gertrude Stein's career-long experiments with the rendering of consciousness in a variety of literary forms, noting her growing concern throughout the 1920's and 1930's with the role of autobiography in writing. In a close reading of The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, I examine Stein's parody and "deconstruction" of the autobiographical form and the Modernist conception of the self based on memory, association and desire. Her witty attack on the conventions of narrative produces a new kind of fictional self-portraiture, drawing heavily on the visual arts to create new prose forms as well as to dismantle old ones. Chapter 4 focuses on Djuna Barnes' metaphorical representations of the self in prose fiction, which re-interpret the Modernist notion of the self, by means of an androgynous fictional poetics. In her American and European fictions she extends the notion of the work of art as a formal, self-referential and self-contained "world" by subverting it with the use of a late-modern, "high camp" imagery to create new types of narrative structure. These women's major works, appearing in the 1930's, mark a second wave of Modernism, which revises and in certain ways subverts the first. Hence, these are studies in "late Modernism" and in my conclusion I will consider the distinguishing features of this transitional period, the 1930's, and the questions it provokes about the idea of periodization in general. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Charles Bukowski devoted his writing career to turning his own life into poetry and prose. In poems and stories about his experiences as one of the working poor in post war America, and in those depicting his experiences as a writer of the American underground, Bukowski represents himself as both a literary and social outsider. Bukowski expresses an alternative literary aesthetic through his fictional persona, Henry Chinaski, who struggles to overcome his suffering in a world he finds absurd, and who embarks on a quest for freedom in his youth to which he remains committed all his life. This thesis examines Charles Bukowski's autobiographical fiction with a specific emphasis on five novels and one collection of short stories. In the novels, Post Office (1970), Factotum (1975), Women (1978), Ham on Rye (1982) and Hollywood (1989), and in a number of short stories in the collection Hot Water Music (1983), Bukowski explores different periods of Chinaski???s life with a dark humour, revealing links between Chinaski???s struggle with the absurd and those aspects comprising Bukowski???s alternative aesthetic. The thesis focuses on such aspects of Bukowski???s art as the uncommercial nature of his publishing history, his strong emphasis on literary simplicity, the appearance of the grotesque and Bukowski???s obsession with nonconformity, drinking and sex. These aspects illuminate the distinctive nature of Bukowski???s art and its purpose, which is the transformation of an ordinary life into literature. This thesis argues that Bukowski illuminates possibilities that exist for individuals to create an identity for themselves through aesthetic self-expression. The thesis traces the development of Chinaski's non-conformist personality from Ham on Rye, based on Bukowski's youth in Los Angeles during the Depression, to Hollywood, Bukowski's ironic portrayal of Chinaski's brush with the commercial film industry. Through meeting the many challenges he faced throughout his life with defiance, honesty and an irreverent sense of humour, Bukowski invites readers to identify with his alternative world view. The thesis argues this particular aspect of his writing constitutes his most valuable contribution to twentieth century American fiction.

Charles Bukowski devoted his writing career to turning his own life into poetry and prose. In poems and stories about his experiences as one of the working poor in post war America, and in those depicting his experiences as a writer of the American underground, Bukowski represents himself as both a literary and social outsider. Bukowski expresses an alternative literary aesthetic through his fictional persona, Henry Chinaski, who struggles to overcome his suffering in a world he finds absurd, and who embarks on a quest for freedom in his youth to which he remains committed all his life. This thesis examines Charles Bukowski's autobiographical fiction with a specific emphasis on five novels and one collection of short stories. In the novels, Post Office (1970), Factotum (1975), Women (1978), Ham on Rye (1982) and Hollywood (1989), and in a number of short stories in the collection Hot Water Music (1983), Bukowski explores different periods of Chinaski???s life with a dark humour, revealing links between Chinaski???s struggle with the absurd and those aspects comprising Bukowski???s alternative aesthetic. The thesis focuses on such aspects of Bukowski???s art as the uncommercial nature of his publishing history, his strong emphasis on literary simplicity, the appearance of the grotesque and Bukowski???s obsession with nonconformity, drinking and sex. These aspects illuminate the distinctive nature of Bukowski???s art and its purpose, which is the transformation of an ordinary life into literature. This thesis argues that Bukowski illuminates possibilities that exist for individuals to create an identity for themselves through aesthetic self-expression. The thesis traces the development of Chinaski's non-conformist personality from Ham on Rye, based on Bukowski's youth in Los Angeles during the Depression, to Hollywood, Bukowski's ironic portrayal of Chinaski's brush with the commercial film industry. Through meeting the many challenges he faced throughout his life with defiance, honesty and an irreverent sense of humour, Bukowski invites readers to identify with his alternative world view. The thesis argues this particular aspect of his writing constitutes his most valuable contribution to twentieth century American fiction.