This thesis is the result of applying a novel methodology which I labelled ‘participative foresight scenario mapping’. This methodology couples participatory methods for building holistic foresight scenarios for sustainable development in Flores Island (Azores, Portugal) with a multi-criteria appraisal method, Multi-criteria mapping (Stirling, 1997), to assess these scenarios alongside five sector based regional scenarios (Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do Mar, 2006). The main research question was to reflect on how small isolated societies, which have a distant relation with strategic decision-making centres, can define their transitions to sustainability. Small islands represent interesting cases to reflect on sustainability, these small territories distant from main decision-making centres challenge decision-making and require a consideration of the issues of scale. Islands have also been seen as small, manageable models of the world, providing the opportunity to explore innovative solutions at a scale that allows inclusion of as many different factors as possible. Small islands’ populations are especially linked to their island and they develop, by the effects of isolation, a strong particular relation to the place, the role of identity is then crucial in fostering sustainable practices adapted to the island. A succession of individual scoping interviews with twenty four regional and local decision-makers and key informants and seven focus groups with a total of thirty local lay citizens gave me the opportunity to develop two differentiated multi-sector scenarios for Flores Island which were identified as Standard and Balanced development scenarios. The Balanced development scenario reflects a desire to develop an island that bases its economy on greater self-sufficiency for agricultural products, quality and certified products, and natural conservation and valorisation. The Standard development scenario is based on economic growth through tourism and primary sector intensification, and public investment in infrastructures; this scenario can be summarized as the continuation of the actual model of development. The appraisal of both holistic narratives allows in depth exploration of the complex issues related to sustainability, such as the preference between weak and strong sustainability, that otherwise would have been too difficult to assess by such a variety of research participants. Working with holistic scenarios raised the limits of the capacity to show proficiency in a wide variety of fields. The research demonstrated the feasibility of applying the multi-criteria mapping method to support the analysis of holistic non-technical scenarios. The combination of qualitative and quantitative data brought depth to the analysis and improved the understanding of the desired sustainable futures in islands. But the quantitative appraisal was overshadowed by strong uncertainties that made difficult the identification of a best scenario. Uncertainty was explained by the risks inherent to the scenarios, the limited expertise in all the criteria, the complexity of the holistic scenarios, the time horizon (20 years), doubts on the effective implementation of the chosen scenario, and the existence of potentially disrupting external factors. The process was also the opportunity to understand the role that social capital might play in the transition to the desired future for this island. It is shown in the thesis that a successful transition to sustainable development can only be reached if the objectives are understood and shared by the population.

A erupção histórica de 1580 A.D. ocorreu ao sudoeste da Ilha de São Jorge, Açores recobrindo uma área total de 4 km². Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as diferentes morfologias de lava de 1580 A.D, juntamente com a definição de padrões petrográficos e geoquímicos. A erupção gerou quatro flow fields: Ribeira do Almeida, Queimada, Ribeira do Nabo I e Ribeira do Nabo II. A descrição detalhada das lavas permitiu identificar spiny, sheet, e slabby pahoehoe e derrames do tipo ‘a´ā. Próximo aos cones, derrames do tipo ‘a´ā são descritos. Com a constante erupção, estas lavas fluem em direção a costa formando deltas de lava ao entrar em contato com a água. Estes deltas geram um relevo sub-horizontal favorecendo a colocação de derrames do tipo sheet pahoehoe. A contínua alimentação interna favorece o espessamento dos derrames, podendo gerar o rompimento da superfície formando derrames slabby pahoehoe. Os estágios finais da erupção são marcados por derrames do tipo ‘a´ā canalizados lateralmente e sobre os derrames do tipo sheet pahoehoe. A variação na superfície dos derrames é controlada pelas taxas de efusão e pela topografia. Petrograficamente, todas as lavas da erupção de 1580 A.D. são olivina basaltos. Os dados geoquímicos indicam uma afinidade magmática alcalina com os termos menos diferenciados localizados na região de Ponta Queimada. Isto pode ser explicado por uma constante recarga de magma mais primitivo na câmara magmática. Os padrões de ETR normalizados sugerem que os basaltos estudados foram gerados a partir de um baixo grau de fusão de uma fonte profunda e enriquecida do tipo OIB. O estudo dos aspectos físicos dos derrames de 1580 juntamente com a petrografia e geoquímica permitiram compreender a história geológica deste evento. / The historic eruption of 1580 A.D. occurred in the southwestern of São Jorge Island, in the central Azores covering a total area of 4 km². This work provides a characterization of the distribution and morphology of the 1580 A.D. lava flows, integrated to petrography and geochemistry. The eruption formed four distinct flows fields: Ribeira do Almeida, Queimada, Ribeira do Nabo I and Ribeira do Nabo II. Detailed geological analysis allowed the identification of spiny, sheet and sllaby pahoehoe and ‘a´ā lava morphotypes. Near the vent, the flow fields are characterized by channelized ‘a´ā flows. With continuous eruption, these lavas flowed downwards forming fan-shaped lava deltas when entering the sea. Sheet pahoehoe flows overlay the ‘a´ā lavas and with continuous inflation the surface of the flows breaks generating slabby pahoehoe surface. The gradual increase in surface fragmentation form rubbly surfaces. In the late stages of the eruption channelized ‘a´ā flows were emplaced, depositing laterally and over the sheet pahoehoe flows. The variations in the lava surface are controlled by the effusion rates and the topography. Petrographically, all lava flows are olivine basalts. The chemistry of the basalts indicate an alkaline nature for the 1580 volcanism. The less-evolved compositions are found in Ribeira do Almeida and this fact can be related to continuous recharge of the magma chamber with more primitive melts. Normalized REE profiles show that the basalts were generated by low volumes of melt of an enriched OIB source. The study of the physical aspects of 1580 lava flows with petrography and geochemistry allowed understand the geologic history of this event.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2007. / "August 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-158). Online version available on the World Wide Web.

A erupção histórica de 1580 A.D. ocorreu ao sudoeste da Ilha de São Jorge, Açores recobrindo uma área total de 4 km². Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as diferentes morfologias de lava de 1580 A.D, juntamente com a definição de padrões petrográficos e geoquímicos. A erupção gerou quatro flow fields: Ribeira do Almeida, Queimada, Ribeira do Nabo I e Ribeira do Nabo II. A descrição detalhada das lavas permitiu identificar spiny, sheet, e slabby pahoehoe e derrames do tipo ‘a´ā. Próximo aos cones, derrames do tipo ‘a´ā são descritos. Com a constante erupção, estas lavas fluem em direção a costa formando deltas de lava ao entrar em contato com a água. Estes deltas geram um relevo sub-horizontal favorecendo a colocação de derrames do tipo sheet pahoehoe. A contínua alimentação interna favorece o espessamento dos derrames, podendo gerar o rompimento da superfície formando derrames slabby pahoehoe. Os estágios finais da erupção são marcados por derrames do tipo ‘a´ā canalizados lateralmente e sobre os derrames do tipo sheet pahoehoe. A variação na superfície dos derrames é controlada pelas taxas de efusão e pela topografia. Petrograficamente, todas as lavas da erupção de 1580 A.D. são olivina basaltos. Os dados geoquímicos indicam uma afinidade magmática alcalina com os termos menos diferenciados localizados na região de Ponta Queimada. Isto pode ser explicado por uma constante recarga de magma mais primitivo na câmara magmática. Os padrões de ETR normalizados sugerem que os basaltos estudados foram gerados a partir de um baixo grau de fusão de uma fonte profunda e enriquecida do tipo OIB. O estudo dos aspectos físicos dos derrames de 1580 juntamente com a petrografia e geoquímica permitiram compreender a história geológica deste evento. / The historic eruption of 1580 A.D. occurred in the southwestern of São Jorge Island, in the central Azores covering a total area of 4 km². This work provides a characterization of the distribution and morphology of the 1580 A.D. lava flows, integrated to petrography and geochemistry. The eruption formed four distinct flows fields: Ribeira do Almeida, Queimada, Ribeira do Nabo I and Ribeira do Nabo II. Detailed geological analysis allowed the identification of spiny, sheet and sllaby pahoehoe and ‘a´ā lava morphotypes. Near the vent, the flow fields are characterized by channelized ‘a´ā flows. With continuous eruption, these lavas flowed downwards forming fan-shaped lava deltas when entering the sea. Sheet pahoehoe flows overlay the ‘a´ā lavas and with continuous inflation the surface of the flows breaks generating slabby pahoehoe surface. The gradual increase in surface fragmentation form rubbly surfaces. In the late stages of the eruption channelized ‘a´ā flows were emplaced, depositing laterally and over the sheet pahoehoe flows. The variations in the lava surface are controlled by the effusion rates and the topography. Petrographically, all lava flows are olivine basalts. The chemistry of the basalts indicate an alkaline nature for the 1580 volcanism. The less-evolved compositions are found in Ribeira do Almeida and this fact can be related to continuous recharge of the magma chamber with more primitive melts. Normalized REE profiles show that the basalts were generated by low volumes of melt of an enriched OIB source. The study of the physical aspects of 1580 lava flows with petrography and geochemistry allowed understand the geologic history of this event.

A erupção histórica de 1580 A.D. ocorreu ao sudoeste da Ilha de São Jorge, Açores recobrindo uma área total de 4 km². Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as diferentes morfologias de lava de 1580 A.D, juntamente com a definição de padrões petrográficos e geoquímicos. A erupção gerou quatro flow fields: Ribeira do Almeida, Queimada, Ribeira do Nabo I e Ribeira do Nabo II. A descrição detalhada das lavas permitiu identificar spiny, sheet, e slabby pahoehoe e derrames do tipo ‘a´ā. Próximo aos cones, derrames do tipo ‘a´ā são descritos. Com a constante erupção, estas lavas fluem em direção a costa formando deltas de lava ao entrar em contato com a água. Estes deltas geram um relevo sub-horizontal favorecendo a colocação de derrames do tipo sheet pahoehoe. A contínua alimentação interna favorece o espessamento dos derrames, podendo gerar o rompimento da superfície formando derrames slabby pahoehoe. Os estágios finais da erupção são marcados por derrames do tipo ‘a´ā canalizados lateralmente e sobre os derrames do tipo sheet pahoehoe. A variação na superfície dos derrames é controlada pelas taxas de efusão e pela topografia. Petrograficamente, todas as lavas da erupção de 1580 A.D. são olivina basaltos. Os dados geoquímicos indicam uma afinidade magmática alcalina com os termos menos diferenciados localizados na região de Ponta Queimada. Isto pode ser explicado por uma constante recarga de magma mais primitivo na câmara magmática. Os padrões de ETR normalizados sugerem que os basaltos estudados foram gerados a partir de um baixo grau de fusão de uma fonte profunda e enriquecida do tipo OIB. O estudo dos aspectos físicos dos derrames de 1580 juntamente com a petrografia e geoquímica permitiram compreender a história geológica deste evento. / The historic eruption of 1580 A.D. occurred in the southwestern of São Jorge Island, in the central Azores covering a total area of 4 km². This work provides a characterization of the distribution and morphology of the 1580 A.D. lava flows, integrated to petrography and geochemistry. The eruption formed four distinct flows fields: Ribeira do Almeida, Queimada, Ribeira do Nabo I and Ribeira do Nabo II. Detailed geological analysis allowed the identification of spiny, sheet and sllaby pahoehoe and ‘a´ā lava morphotypes. Near the vent, the flow fields are characterized by channelized ‘a´ā flows. With continuous eruption, these lavas flowed downwards forming fan-shaped lava deltas when entering the sea. Sheet pahoehoe flows overlay the ‘a´ā lavas and with continuous inflation the surface of the flows breaks generating slabby pahoehoe surface. The gradual increase in surface fragmentation form rubbly surfaces. In the late stages of the eruption channelized ‘a´ā flows were emplaced, depositing laterally and over the sheet pahoehoe flows. The variations in the lava surface are controlled by the effusion rates and the topography. Petrographically, all lava flows are olivine basalts. The chemistry of the basalts indicate an alkaline nature for the 1580 volcanism. The less-evolved compositions are found in Ribeira do Almeida and this fact can be related to continuous recharge of the magma chamber with more primitive melts. Normalized REE profiles show that the basalts were generated by low volumes of melt of an enriched OIB source. The study of the physical aspects of 1580 lava flows with petrography and geochemistry allowed understand the geologic history of this event.

In this thesis, the results from a geophysical mapping and coring campaign of Lagoa das Furnas are presented. Specific focus is placed on the origin of a subaqueous volcanic cone mapped in the southern part of the lake. Lagoa das Furnas is a crater lake within the Furnas volcanic centre which is located on the island of São Miguel in the Azores archipelago. The Furnas volcanic centre has a long history of earthquakes and volcanic activity. The area is relatively well-studied, except for the lake floor. Therefore, a high resolution geophysical and geological mapping survey was conducted at Lagoa das Furnas. Sidescan sonar was used to map the surface of the lake floor and single beam sonar was used to acquire sub-bottom profiles. In addition to the geophysical mapping, sediment surface sampling and core drilling were carried out followed by geochemical analyses of the retrieved material. The mapped data permitted a characterisation of the floor of Lagoa das Furnas and revealed several volcanic features including fumarole activity and a volcanic cone in the southern part of the lake. In order to unravel the origin of this cone several methods were applied, including analyses of tephra and minerals collected from the cone itself and from nearby deposits of two known eruptions Furnas I and Furnas 1630. Sedimentological, petrological, geochemical and geochronological studies of pyroclastic deposits from the cone suggest a subaqueous eruption linked to the Furnas 1630 eruption. The chemistry of glass and crystal fragments sampled from the cone suggests that it is composed of more evolved magma than that of the main Furnas 1630 implying that the lake cone is likely a product of the last eruptional phase. Historical documents reveal three lakes in Furnas valley before the 1630 eruption. Two of these lakes were lost due the eruption and the remaining lake is most likely Lagoa das Furnas and consequently did exist before the 1630 eruption.

No description available.

<b>Cardamine hirsuta</b> L. is an emerging model system in developmental genetics, where natural genetic variation within <b>C. hirsuta</b> provides the means to investigate the genetic basis of morphological traits. This thesis investigates the geographical structure and genealogical history of genetic variation within <b>C. hirsuta</b> and identifies its closest relatives. This will enable the accurate selection of species for comparison with <b>C. hirsuta</b> when making interpretations of evolutionary processes, and provide a better understanding of morphological character evolution in <b>C. hirsuta</b>. The phylogeographic history of <b>C. hirsuta</b> was reconstructed using multiple chloroplast and nuclear markers and widespread accession sampling from across its native range. A distinct group was identified within <b>C. hirsuta</b>, restricted to the high mountains of East Africa. Climate suitability modelling showed that Pleistocene glacial dynamics have had a strong effect on the distribution of genetic variation within <b>C. hirsuta</b>. The phylogeographical data generated here was used to investigate the origin of <b>C. hirsuta</b> in the Azores, an oceanic archipelago. The Azores are dominated by an endemic chloroplast haplotype which is associated with an endemic phenotype. Thus, <b>C. hirsuta</b> appears to have diversified <b>in situ</b> in the Azores. Phylogenetic analyses of Cardamine, restricted to diploid species to remove the confounding effects of polyploids, found that <b>C. hirsuta</b> is most closely related to <b>C. oligosperma</b>, a western North American species. Multiple loci and extensive intraspecific sampling were brought to bear to demonstrate that <b>C. hirsuta</b> and <b>C. oligosperma</b> are reciprocally monophyletic. <b>Cardamine pattersonii</b>, a restricted endemic from north-west Oregon is likely to be an allopolyploid, with <b>C. oligosperma</b> as the maternal parent and possibly <b>C. nuttallii</b> as the paternal parent.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gyorgy Henyei Neto.pdf: 2465564 bytes, checksum: 2e55534db00b1f28c9f38e1870f15931 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The following dissertation presents symbolic ressignifcation of a cultural/religious manifestation within the immigration movement from the Azores to São Paulo. The hypotheses reflect on the observation of the several possibilities for re-adaptation of a religious ceremony, such as the Holy Ghost Festival, in a new place, which, even though it has some resemblances on their origins, are both original constructions of the human creativity. The House of the Azores in São Paulo was the object of ethnographical research, been part also of the thematic on the diversity among the other House of the Azores in Brazil and around the world. During the three-chapter work, there would be shown the methods and questions to be answered, in the hope of enlarge the knowledge about the Azorean immigration to Brazil and also offer a renewed look inside the glossary of interpretation of significance trauma-suffered significance, as a transposition from one side to the other of the Atlantic. The point reached is that the materiality and the immateriality are not stationary inferences in the universe, but always substance and product of human invention / A dissertação a seguir tem como tema a ressignificação simbólica de uma manifestação cultural/religiosa dentro do movimento imigratório dos Açores para São Paulo. As hipóteses recaem na tentativa de observar as possibilidades de readaptação de uma festa religiosa, como a Festa do Espírito Santo, num novo local, que mesmo tendo características e origens semelhantes, são construções originais da criatividade humana. A Casa dos Açores de São Paulo foi o alvo da pesquisa etnográfica, sendo também temática da diversidade entre as Casas dos Açores pelo Brasil e pelo mundo. Durante três capítulos, serão explicitados os métodos e as perguntas a serem respondidas, na tentativa de aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a imigração açoriana para o Brasil, oferecendo uma nova visão dentro do glossário de interpretações das significâncias que passam por traumas, como uma transposição de um lado a outro do oceano Atlântico. A conclusão a que se chega é que a materialidade e a imaterialidade não são inferências móveis no universo, sendo sempre matéria e produto da invenção humana

Diz-se que há uma grande influência açoriana no litoral catarinense. Muitos trabalhos são realizados para estudar esse tema, porém, poucos analisam esse fato do ponto de vista lingüístico, principalmente em seus aspectos fonéticos e morfossintáticos. As poucas pesquisas realizadas estão voltadas para características muito gerais da fala catarinense ou se concentram na região de Florianópolis, atual capital do Estado. A escassez de material indica que pouco se conhece sobre a dita influência açoriana. O presente trabalho propõe investigar a fala de duas das três regiões mais antigas de Santa Catarina, cuja base de colonização foi açoriana: a antiga região de Itapocorói (que atualmente compreende a área dos municípios de Penha, Balneário de Piçarras e uma pequena parte do sul de Barra Velha) e o povoado de Nossa Senhora das Graaças do Rio São Francisco (hoje São Francisco do Sul). Para isto, foi preciso realizar duas pesquisas lingüísticas de campo, uma na região de Itapocorói e outra em São Francisco do Sul, com a finalidade de descrever as variantes atuais locais e verificar possíveis transformações fonéticas, lexicais e morfossintáticas em um grupo de sessenta informantes divididos em três faixas etárias distintas (trinta de cada localidade pesquisada). Foram utilizados dados colhidos em trabalho de campo por meio de: (a) locução espontânea; (b) aplicação de questionário lingüístico com 49 perguntas; (c) questionário valorativo com 6 perguntas. As características apontadas serão aquelas que, de maneira geral, diferenciem a variante local de outras variantes do Português do Brasil. Acreditamos que, com isto, seja possível conhecer um pouco mais a variante açoriana catarinense e sua história. / It is said that there is a great influence of Azores in the Santa Catarina coastline. Many works are carried out to study this subject, however, a few analysis this fact from the linguistics point of view mainly in their morphosyntactical and phonetics aspects. The few researches carried out are turned towards a lot of general characteristics of Santa Catarina speech or they centralize in Florianópolis region, present capital of the state. The lack of materials shows that not much is known about the related influence of Azores. The present work suggests investigating the speech of the three more ancient regions of Santa Catarina, whose colonization basis was from Azores: the ancient region of Itapocorói (that nowadays includes the cities areas of Penha, Piçarras and a small part of the south of Barra Velha) and the village of Nossa Senhora das Graças of Rio São Francisco (nowadays São Francisco do Sul). That is why, it was necessary to carry out two linguistics field searches, one in Itapocorói region and the other in São Franciso do Sul, with the purpose of describing the present local variant and the possible phonetics, lexical and morphosyntactical variants transformation in a group of sixty informers divided in three different age groups (thirty of each places researched). It was made use of data gathered work field through: a) spontaneous idiomatic expression; b) linguistic questionnaire application with 49 questions and c) valorables questionnaire with six questions. The characteristics showed will be the ones that, in general differ the local variant and the other variants of Portuguese from Brazil. We believe that, with this, it will be possible to know a bit more the variant from Azores of Santa Catarina and its story.