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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo estrutural da enzima purina nucleos?deo fosforilase (E.C. 2.4.2.1) de Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Caceres, Rafael Andrade 18 January 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 437323.pdf: 4287591 bytes, checksum: a4736ecf5ed6c11a9d86f23c3c30d3b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-18 / Tuberculosis re-emerged in the mid 80s and currently about two million people die each year due to this disease. The resurgence of tuberculosis has become a threat to public health. The high susceptibility of HIV-infected patients and the proliferation of multi-drug resistant strains have created the need to develop new therapies. However, no new class of drugs against tuberculosis was developed in the last 45 years. Thus, it becomes imminent need to develop new antituberculosis agents. As purine metabolism could be implicated in mycobacterial latency the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1) has been proposed as target for development of antibacterial drugs. PNP catalyzes the reversible cleavage in the presence of inorganic phosphate of N-ribosidic bonds of the purine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides, except adenosine. This reaction generates the purine base and ribose (deoxyribose)-1-phosphate. PNP is specific for purine nucleosides in the β-configuration and cleaves the glycosidic bond with inversion of configuration to produce α-ribose-1-phosphate. In this work PNP was crystallized in association with inosine, hypoxanthine and acyclovir, substrate, product and inhibitor, respectively, and data were collected using synchrotron radiation. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments were used to provide detailed information on the dynamic properties and to investigate the profile and thermodynamic affinities of MtPNP associated with these molecules. With obtained results we hope to contribute to the search of new selective inhibitors for MtPNP, since differences between the mycobacterial and human enzyme binding sites have been also identified, making structure-based drug design feasible. / A tuberculose ressurgiu na metade dos anos 80 e, atualmente aproximadamente dois milh?es de pessoas morrem por ano devido a esta doen?a. O ressurgimento da tuberculose tornou-se uma amea?a ? sa?de p?blica. A alta susceptibilidade dos pacientes infectados com HIV e a prolifera??o de cepas resistentes a m?ltiplas drogas t?m criado a necessidade de se desenvolver novas terapias. No entanto, nenhuma nova classe de drogas contra a tuberculose foi desenvolvida nos ?ltimos 45 anos. Deste modo, torna-se iminente a necessidade de se desenvolver novos agentes antituberculose. Como o metabolismo de purinas pode estar implicado na lat?ncia da micobact?ria, a purina nucleos?deo fosforilase de Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtPNP) (EC 2.4.2.1) foi proposta como alvo para o desenvolvimento de drogas antibacterianas. A PNP catalisa a clivagem revers?vel, na presen?a de fosfato inorg?nico, de liga??es N-ribos?dicas de nucleos?deos e desoxinucleos?deos de purina, com exce??o da adenosina. Esta rea??o produz base p?rica livre e ribose (desoxiribose)-1-fosfato. A rea??o se processa com invers?o de configura??o, de β-nucleos?deos para α-ribose-1-fosfato. Neste trabalho a PNP foi cristalizada em associa??o com inosina, hipoxantina e aciclovir, substrato, produto e inibidor, respectivamente, e os dados foram coletados utilizando radia??o s?ncrotron. Al?m disso, a simula??o por din?mica molecular e experimentos de calorimetria por titula??o isot?rmica foram utilizadas para fornecer informa??es detalhadas acerca das propriedades din?micas, e investigar o perfil termodin?mico e afinidades da MtPNP associada com estas mol?culas. Com os resultados obtidos n?s esperamos contribuir para a busca de novos inibidores seletivos de MtPNP, j? que as diferen?as entre os s?tios de liga??o da enzima humana e de micobact?ria foram identificadas , tornando vi?veis projetos de desenho de drogas baseados na estrutura.
2

Propriedades estruturais, eletr?nicas, ?pticas e vibracionais do cristal ltreonina: simula??es computacionais no formalismo DFT

Ara?jo, Roniel de Lima 17 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T21:55:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RonielDeLimaAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 7628198 bytes, checksum: ee3c1fe4ca93c9df76b5459cb7bea112 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-07T21:28:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RonielDeLimaAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 7628198 bytes, checksum: ee3c1fe4ca93c9df76b5459cb7bea112 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T21:28:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RonielDeLimaAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 7628198 bytes, checksum: ee3c1fe4ca93c9df76b5459cb7bea112 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / Neste trabalho, estudamos as propriedades estruturais, eletr?nicas, ?pticas e vibracionais dos cristais ortorr?mbicos de treonina, obtidos atrav?s de simula??es computacionais no formalismo DFT (Teoria Funcional da Densidade), nas aproxima??es de densidade local (LDA-CAPZ) e no gradiente generalizado GGA-PBE). L-treonina ? um amino?cido essencial que desempenha um papel importante nos sistemas biol?gicos, sendo o ?ltimo dos 20 amino?cidos que comp?em as prote?nas, a serem identificados. Para o cristal l-treonina, a otimiza??o da geometria cristalina, par?metros de rede, ?ngulos e dist?ncias interat?micas, estrutura de banda, densidade de ?tomo a ?tomo, absor??o ?ptica, fun??o diel?trica, ?ndice de refra??o, condutividade ?tica, fun??o de perda, espectro infravermelho e Raman. Os par?metros de rede calculados est?o pr?ximos dos resultados experimentais, foram obtidos um gap de banda E = 5,06 eV e um gap de banda E (X ? S) = 4,91 eV indiretos dentro do GGA e LDA, respectivamente. A an?lise da densidade de estados de el?trons permitiu identificar as contribui??es por ?tomo para os estados das bandas de val?ncia e de condu??o, nas propriedades ?pticas ? poss?vel observar uma sensibilidade ao plano de polariza??o da luz incidente 001. Foi obtido um bom acordo entre Os espectros vibracionais IR e Raman dados te?ricos e experimentais do cristal l-treonina. / In this work we present a study of the structural, electronic, optical and vibrational properties of orthorhombic l-threonine crystals, obtained through computational simulations in the DFT formalism (Density Functional Theory), in which local density approximations (LDA-CAPZ) and Of the generalized gradient (GGA-PBE). L-threonine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in biological systems, being the last of the 20 amino acids that make up the proteins to be identi ed. For the crystal l-threonine, the optimization of crystalline geometry, lattice parameters, angles and inter atomic distances, band structure, state-by-atom density, optical absorption, dielectric function, refractive index, optical conductivity, loss function, infrared spectrum and Raman. The new lattice parameters found are close to the experimental values. A direct band gap E = 5.06 eV and an indirect band gap E (X! S) = 4.91 eV were obtained in the electronic structure for GGA and LDA approaches, respectively. The analysis of the electron states density allowed to identify the contributions per atom for the states in valence and conduction bands from the optical properties it is possible to observe a sensitivity to the plane of incident light polarization 001. A good agreement was obtained between the vibrational spectra IR and Raman theoretical and experimental data of the crystal l-threonine.
3

Medidas e an?lise estat?stica em sinais bioel?tricos sobre pontos de acupuntura

Cruz, Cl?udia Patr?cia Torres 05 October 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:14:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaPTC.pdf: 3289641 bytes, checksum: e41c19b786c3a7976dfecbc61abd2ca4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In the 20th century, the acupuncture has spread on occident as a complementary practice of heath care. This fact has motivated the international scientific community to invest in research that seek to understand why acupuncture works. In this work we compare statistically volt age fluctuation of bioelectric signals caught on the skin at an acupuncture point (IG 4) another nearby on acupuncture point. The acquisition of these signals was performed utilizing an electronic interface with a computer, which was based on an instrumentation amplifier designed with adequate specifications to this end. On the collected signals from a sample of 30 volunteers we have calculated major statistics and submitted them to pairing t-test with significance leveI a = O, 05. We have estimated to bioelectric signals the following parameters: standard deviation, asymmetry and curtose. Moreover, we have calculated the self-correlation function matched by on exponential curve we have observed that the signal decays more rapidly from a non-acupoint then from an acupoint. This fact is an indicative of the existence of information in the acupoint / Ao longo do s?culo XX o uso da acupuntura passou a se disseminar no mundo Ocidental como pr?tica complementar de sa?de. Este fato tem motivado a comunidade cient?fica internacional a investir em pesquisas que buscam compreender por que a acupuntura funciona. Nesta disserta??o comparamos estatisticamente a flutua??o de voltagem de sinais bioel?tricos captados sobre a pele em um ponto de acupuntura (IG 4) e outro ponto pr?ximo de n?o-acupuntura. A aquisi??o desses sinais foi realizada utilizando uma interface eletr?nica com um computador, a qual foi baseada em um amplificador de instrumenta??o projetado com as especifica??es adequadas a este fim. Sobre os sinais coletados de uma amostra de 30 volunt?rios calculamos as estat?sticas relevantes e as submetemos ao teste t-pareado com n?vel de signific?ncia a = 0,05. Estimamos para o sinal bioel?trico as seguintes grandezas: desvio padr?o, assimetria e curtose. Al?m disso, calculamos a fun??o de auto-correla??o que foi ajustada por uma curva exponencial. Observamos que o sinal decai mais rapidamente no n?o-acuponto do que no acuponto. Tal fato ? um indicativo da presen?a de informa??o no acuponto
4

Importancia de los receptores estrog��nicos en el estr��s oxidativo y el c��ncer. Funci��n, biog��nesis y din��mica mitocondrial

Sastre Serra, Jorge 27 July 2012 (has links)
El 17��-estradiol (E2) es un factor de riesgo tanto en la iniciaci��n como en la progresi��n de c��nceres hormonodependientes. El E2 modula el estr��s oxidativo afectando, entre otras, a la proliferaci��n celular y por tanto en el proceso tumorig��nico. Los objetivos de la presente tesis fueron, estudiar la acci��n de las hormonas sexuales en la modulaci��n del estr��s oxidativo en las c��lulas cancerosas, y el estudio de la importancia del balance de los receptores estrog��nicos alfa y beta (ER�� y ER��) en la acci��n del E2 en la funci��n, la biog��nesis y la din��mica mitocondrial, as�� como en el control del estr��s oxidativo. Los resultados obtenidos en la presente tesis la importancia de la acci��n de E2 a trav��s de los diferentes receptores sobre el estr��s oxidativo, la funci��n, la din��mica y la biog��nesis mitocondrial, tanto en l��neas celulares como en tumores de mama.

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