Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:00:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6997_1.pdf: 3788091 bytes, checksum: cf9480da9819849e38359e4e9a2bb074 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O poder computacional atual das GPUs possibilita a execução de complexos algoritmos massivamente paralelos, como algoritmos de busca em estruturas de dados específicas para ray tracing em tempo real, comumente conhecidas como estruturas de aceleração. Esta dissertação descreve em detalhes o estudo e implementação de dezesseis diferentes algoritmos de travessia de estruturas de aceleração, utilizando o framework de CUDA, da NVIDIA. Este estudo comparativo teve o intuito de determinar as vantagens e desvantagens de cada técnica, em termos de performance, consumo de memória, grau de divergência em desvios e escalabilidade em múltiplas GPUs. Uma nova estrutura de aceleração, chamada Sparse Box Grid, também é proposta, além de dois novos algoritmos de busca, focando em melhoria de performance. Tais algoritmos são capazes de alcançar speedups de até 2.5x quando comparado com implementações recentes de travessias em GPU. Como consequência, é possível obter simulação em tempo real de cenas com milhões de primitivas para imagens com 1408x768 de resolução

Zona pellucida glycoproteins (ZP) are important proteins for maturation of the oocytes in eukaryotes, these proteins are encoded by cluster of zp genes. zp2.3 and zp3.5 genes are expressed during the developing and maturation of the oocytes in zebrafish ovaries. Both of the gens have a CCAAT box in their promoter regions, playing a big role in the expression of the both genes in zebrafish oocytes. The transcription of the genes in the eukaryotes requires transcription factors to initiate and promote the transcription, the transcription factors can bind to the promoter region and initiate the transcription process. The nuclear factor y (NFY) regulates the genes by binding to the CCAAT boxes in their promoter regions, it consist from many subunit such as NF-YA and NF-YB. Here in this study we characterize the expression pattern of NF-YA and NF-YB by screening these genes expression in several organs and tissues, also to determine its roles in the expression of the zp2.3 and zp3.5 genes in the adultzebrafish ovary.

V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE The thesis focuses on service of documents in administrative proceedings. At the beginning of the thesis, the used terminology and constitutional framework are defined. The main part deals with the two main forms of delivery, an electronic and a documentary form. Regarding the excessive use of electronic communication in today's society, the electronic form is described in detail. Afterwards, the thesis deals with the issue of the service of documents to foreign countries and defects that may occur during the delivery. Many uncertainties and questions have arisen putting an information system of data boxes and using of data boxes for communication between entities and administrative bodies into operation. The author therefore dedicated a considerable attention to this topic. Attention is also paid to the institute of electronic signature. This institute was adopted in the Czech legislation in accordance with European legislation. Elaborating this thesis, the author used primary legal sources, literature both domestic and foreign origin, and public information sources.

In this thesis, we examine a family of vectorial boolean functions on F22m inspired by Kim function, in order to find new APN permutations on F22m for m > 2. The functions of this family are defined as F(X) = X3 + bX3q + cX2q+1 + dXq+2 , where parameters b, c and d are from F2m . Necessary and sufficient conditions for this functions to be APN or equivalent to a permutation are presented in this thesis. To find conditions for being APN, Trace-0/Trace-1 decomposition method is used. A method using exponential sums is used to deduce which functions of this family is CCZ-equivalent to a certain type of permutation. These results were then used to search for APN permutations on F26 and F210 . 1

The main hypothesis of this dissertation says that movies which are shown in cinemas in 2D and also 3D version have greater box office than movies which are shown only in 2D version. The model with two simultaneous equations was constructed to confirm or reject this hypothesis. Data set includes movies which had wide release between January 2009 and December 2011 in the USA. The results show that 3D has no influence in the first week but there are negative significant effect on the number of screens, which could be connected with insufficient capacity of technologically equipped screens, and positive significant effect on revenues in the next nine weeks. The model includes other important and significant factors influencing revenues and the thesis compares these results with recent literature dealing with this topic.

Orientador: Ivanise Guilherme Branco / Resumo: As algas marinhas marrons possuem diversos biocompostos de interesse econômico. Dentre eles, o alginato é um composto que apresenta aplicação em diferentes setores industriais devido a suas propriedades espessantes. Apesar de sua grande aplicabilidade, praticamente todo alginato utilizado no Brasil é importado. Desse modo, é de suma importância incentivar a produção nacional desse polissacarídeo, visto que a alga Sargassum está presente em abundância no litoral brasileiro. No presente estudo, foi utilizado o delineamento Box-Behnken para otimizar a etapa de extração do alginato com aplicação de ultrassom, em substituição parcial à etapa ácida tradicionalmente aplicada no processo, a qual normalmente utiliza ácido clorídrico, pelo ácido cítrico, que é um ácido mais fraco e ecológico. Foram obtidas 17 combinações a fim de avaliar o efeito de três fatores, potência do ultrassom, pH e tempo de aplicação do ultrassom, sobre o rendimento, capacidade antioxidante, viscosidade dinâmica, viscosidade intrínseca e peso molecular. A condição otimizada (176 W, pH 1, 15 minutos) gerou rendimento de 54,20%, capacidade antioxidante de 80,81 µM trolox/g de alginato, viscosidade intrínseca de 4,28 dL/g e peso molecular de 202,56 kDa. Dentre os parâmetros estudados, o pH apresentou maior influência sobre as respostas estudadas. Na condição otimizada, foi avaliado o efeito do emprego do ácido clorídrico no rendimento e parâmetros de qualidade do alginato. Os resultados mostraram maiores rendimen... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Brown algae have several bio composites of economic interest. Among them is the alginate, a compound that, due to its thickening properties, has application in different industrial sectors. Despite its great applicability, all alginate used in Brazil is imported. Thus, it is extremely important to encourage the national production of this polysaccharide, since the Sargassum seaweed is present in abundance on the Brazilian coast. In the present study, the Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the alginate extraction with the application of ultrasound, partially replacing the acidic treatment with hydrochloric acid, with citric acid applied in the extraction process by an acidic treatment with citric acid, which is a weaker and more ecological option. 17 combinations were obtained in order to evaluate the effect of 3 factor, ultrasound potency, citric acid pH and ultrasound application time, on the yield, antioxidant capacity, dynamic viscosity, intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight. The optimized condition (176 W, pH 1, 15 minutes) resulted in a yield of 54.20%, antioxidant capacity of 80.81 µM trolox/g of alginate, intrinsic viscosity of 4.28 dL/g and molecular weight of 202.56 kDa. From the studied parameters, it was observed that the pH had a greater influence on the responses. In the optimized condition, the effect of the hydrochloric acid on alginate yield and quality parameters was evaluated. The extraction with citric acid showed higher yield and antioxidant capaci... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Over one hundred types of chemical modifications have been characterized in cellular RNAs. Pseudouridines (Ψ) and 2’-O-methylation of ribose sugars are the two most widespread modifications present in rRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs. These modifications can be either guide-RNA mediated or RNA-independent (enzyme only). The RNAs that guide pseudouridylations are called box H/ACA RNAs and the ones that carry out 2’-O-methylations modifications are called box C/D RNAs. Previously, we identified that sR-h45 is the box H/ACA guide RNA responsible for Ψ1940, 1942 and 2605 formation in 23S rRNA of Haloferax volcanii. This RNA has two stem loops – SL1 and SL2. SL1 acts as the guide for Ψ2605 formation and SL2 is responsible for guiding Ψ1940 and Ψ1942. We found that SL2 sequentially guides Ψ1940 and Ψ1942 formation in the unpaired "UNUN" target. Ψ1942 is produced after and only if Ψ1940 is produced. The requirement for conserved ACA box was determined by using variants of these two stem loops. We found that the ACA motif is not required either in vivo or in vitro for the activity of the typical variants of both SL1 and SL2 but required for the activity of the atypical variants of these guides. Cbf5 is the pseudouridine synthase involved in this box H/ACA RNA guided process. Mutants of Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Cbf5 were used with both typical and atypical guide variants in vitro and certain residues were found to be important only for the atypical reactions.We have also studied sR-h41, which is a unique single guide box C/D guide responsible for methylation of G1934 position of 23S rRNA of Haloferax volcanii. We have done in vitro assembly reactions using mutants of sR-h41 assembled with its cognate proteins from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii to study the structural determinants needed to convert it to a dual guide RNA. The assembly pattern of the core proteins on the conserved box C/D and box C’/D motifs steer the dual guide nature of these archaeal box C/D guide RNAs.Another aim of this study was to determine the role of pseudouridine synthases (Pus enzymes) for Ψ55 formation in mammalian tRNAs. We find that three Pus enzymes – TruB1 (in the nucleus), TruB2 (in the mitochondria) and Pus10 (in the cytoplasm) are responsible for this modification depending on the specific sub-cellular location in the cell. These enzymes exhibit different structural requirement for Ψ55 formation that are located on the TΨC loop of tRNAs. A subset of tRNAs like tRNAs for Trp and Gln are protected from the action of TRUB1 in the nucleus by binding to the nuclear version of Pus10 that lacks Ψ55 activity. Ψ55 in this subset of tRNAs is produced by the cytoplasmic version of Pus10.While studying pseudouridylation functions of Pus10, we also found that Pus10 regulates G1/S cell cycle progression in PC3 cells. It does so by directly repressing another protein c-Rel, that is a positive regulator of Cyclin D1 protein. Cyclin D1 is known to play a central role in transition of cell from G1 to S phase during cell cycle progression. c-Rel also regulates the levels of PUS10 by an unknown mechanism.

We investigate experimentally the turbulent flow through a two-dimensional contraction. Using a water tunnel with an active grid we generate turbulence at Taylor microscale Reynolds number Reλ ~ 250 which is advected through a 2.5:1 contraction. Volumetric and time-resolved Tomo-PIV and Shake-The-Box velocity measurements are used to characterize the evolution of coherent vortical structures at three streamwise locations upstream of, and within the contraction. We confirm the conceptual picture of coherent large-scale vortices being stretched and aligned with the mean rate of strain. This alignment of the vortices with the tunnel centerline is stronger compared to the alignment of vorticity with the large-scale strain observed in numerical simulations of homogeneous turbulence. We judge this by the peak probability magnitudes of these alignments. This result is robust and independent of the grid-rotation protocols. On the other hand, while the point-wise vorticity vector also, to a lesser extent, aligns with the mean strain, it principally remains aligned with the intermediate eigen-vector of the local instantaneous strain-rate tensor, as is known in other turbulent flows. These results persist when the distance from the grid to the entrance of the contraction is doubled, showing that modest transverse inhomogeneities do not significantly affect these vortical-orientation results.

No description available.

-