Thesis (MTech (Internal Auditing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010 / Developing countries face the great challenge of balancing growth with equity and justice. Growth, in all its fairness, should translate into equitable opportunity for all, but as is observed, the distributional effect of growth often does not filter down to the majority of the socially and economically disadvantaged communities. It is imperative in these situations to embark on a process of developmental change to improve the quality of life of the majority of the disadvantaged community. South Africa used this strategy to endeavour to encounter or reverse the political history of the country, by encouraging entrepreneurs of previously disadvantaged racial groups through the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) to open small businesses. The South African Government believes that the development, growth and sustainability of the Small, Medium and Micro Enterprise (SMME) sector will help the country to decrease the high unemployment rate, and lead the country as a whole to a sustainable economical development. Research has shown that this aim can no longer be achieved by only facilitating access to finance to entrepreneurs. They argue that some management strategies such as risk management should be introduced, understood and applied by small business owners, in order for their businesses to go beyond their actual estimated survival period referred as 3 to 5 years maximum. This research provides background to which risk management techniques are applied within the ambit of small enterprises. The data were collected from eighty eight companies drawn from a possible of 150 small enterprises found in the Cape Metropole. The analysis of data of those who responded has shown that very few SMME owners, managers, entrepreneurs or key designated employees make use of risk management tools and techniques within their businesses, to achieve growth and sustainability. However, the majority agreed to the high importance of risk management in the success of a business enterprise.

Thesis (MTech (Internal Auditing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. / The research study focuses on the risk management practices and procedures small, medium and large enterprises in the Cape Metropole have in place to mitigate social media risks. Enterprises and employees of these enterprises use social media platforms for business and personal purposes. There usage could have an impact on the enterprise should social media risks materialise due to a lack of formalised risk management practices and procedures. The purpose of the research study is to determine whether enterprises have risk management practices and procedures in place to mitigate social media risks. The research study also expands on the controls enterprises have in place and seeks to gain an understanding of the type of social media platforms used by the enterprise. The research study consisted of a literature review and an empirical study to investigate social media risk management practices and procedures in enterprises. A quantitative research method were used to carry out the required research, by making use of a structured questionnaire to obtain responses from respondents from small, medium and large enterprises in the Cape Metropole. The research results obtained revealed that most enterprises have implemented risk management practices and procedures. However, not all enterprises have risk management functions in place which involves all relevant departments to support in mitigating social media risks, more specifically to monitor and manage adherence to social media policies and procedures. The researcher recommends that enterprises have to enhance their control environment and improve existing risk management functions, practices and procedures on a continuous basis before such risks materialise and potentially damage their enterprise.

All companies are subject to some degree of regulatory oversight of their operations. Economics, finance, and government research demonstrate that operational regulatory oversight (for example, provided by the EPA or FDA) imposes financial and operating burdens on regulated firms. My study examines how auditors respond to their clients’ operational regulatory oversight with additional audit costs, as reflected in audit fees. I focus on operational regulatory oversight from six federal regulatory agencies with authority to regulate companies in any industry. I find that operational regulatory oversight intensity, measured by number of regulators, occurrences of regulator-specific disclosures, and regulatory fragmentation, is positively associated with audit fees. Cross-sectional tests show that operational oversight from “continuous” regulators (i.e., regulators that maintain routine oversight) significantly weakens the positive association between operational regulatory oversight and audit fees. Further analyses provide no evidence that the higher audit fees are accompanied by changes in auditor effort. Lastly, my results are robust to an audit fee change model and an alternative measure of regulatory fragmentation. / Business Administration/Accounting

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Castiglia Gatti.pdf: 865379 bytes, checksum: 72d11f80acf5e86560d2bb8bc2b10a48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-15 / This dissertation focused on studying the relationship between business risk and leverage of Brazilian companies. To this end, six variables were used to represent the business risk (standard deviation of ROA, standard deviation of log of sales,standard deviation of changes in operating income, the unlevered beta, the cyclicality and the operating leverage) and five index of debt (total debt, short term debt, longterm debt, financial debt and net debt) calculated at their book and market values. The method used in the study for the treatment of the data was the panel data and the model that was used to estimate was the static panel. Among the results obtained by the regressions performed, some to be emphasized were the negative relationship of the standard deviation of ROA with financial debts and net debts, the negative relationship of the standard deviation of the log of sales and the standard deviation of the change in operating income with variables of debt in book value and the unlevered beta negative relationship with the variables of debt in market value.This study concluded that the risk of business is relevant to decisions about the capital structure of companies. / Esta dissertação teve como foco estudar a relação entre o risco do negócio e o endividamento das empresas brasileiras. Para este fim, foram usadas seis variáveis para representar o risco de negócio (desvio padrão do ROA, do log das vendas, da variação da receita operacional, o beta desalavancado, o grau de ciclicidade e o grau de alavancagem operacional) e cinco índices de endividamento (endividamento total, endividamento de curto prazo, endividamento de longo prazo, dívida financeira e divida liquida) calculados em seus valores contábeis e de mercado. O método utilizado no trabalho para o tratamento dos dados foi o painel de dados e foi usado o modelo de estimação de painel estático. Dentre os resultados obtidos pelas regressões realizadas, alguns a serem destacados foram a relação negativa do desvio padrão do ROA com as dividas financeira e liquida, a relação negativa do desvio padrão do log das vendas e do desvio padrão da variação da receita operacional com as variáveis de endividamento em valor contábil e a relação negativa do beta desalavancado com as variáveis de endividamento em valor de mercado. Este trabalho concluiu que o risco de negócio é relevante para as decisões sobre a estrutura de capital da empresas.

Darbo tikslas – sukurti modifikuotą bankroto diagnozavimo modelį ir jį patikrinti Lietuvos įmonių pavyzdžiu. Darbo uždaviniai: 1) ištyrus bankroto veiksnius, nustatyti jo atsiradimo priežastis; 2) atlikti teorinių bankroto tikimybės įvertinimo modelių analizę; 3) atlikus bankroto diagnozavimo modelių teorinę analizę, sukurti ir patikrinti modifikuotą bankroto diagnozavimo modelį. Darbo objektas – bankroto diagnozavimas. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė; loginė lyginamoji analizė bei sintezė; dokumentų, turinio analizė, apibendrinimo metodas; statistinė įmonių finansinių rodiklių analizė. Nagrinėjant įvairių autorių mokslinius veikalus apie bankroto diagnozavimo būtinumą, bankroto atsiradimo priežastis, ištirta bankroto tikimybė 6 atsitiktinai pasirinktose įmonėse, remiantis pinigų srautų analizės, E.I.Altmano modeliais bei sukurtas ir išanalizuotas modifikuotas bankroto diagnozavimo modelis. / Object of work – bankruptcy diagnostic. Aim of work – to create modificated bankruptcy diagnostic models and check its use in practise throught Lithuanian companies. Tasks of work: 1) Investigate bankruptcy elements and indentify reasons of bunkraptcy origin 2) To make theoretical analyzes of bankruptcy diagnostic models; 3) To create and develop modificated bankruptcy diagnostic model. The research methods: the analysis of scientific literature, the methods of logistic comparison, the methods of synthesis, content and documents methods, the methods of generalization, statistical financial analyzes. There were analyzed scientific works of various authors about nessecisity to predict bankropt, the reasons of bankruptcy nascency, investigated bankruptcy probability in 6 companies using cash flow, E.I.Altman models and was created and inquired modified bankruptcy model.

The main goal of the Master's thesis is to create a document proving the viability and economic rationality of the business plan of establishing the food store Večerka Hvězda. Master's thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part is a theoretical part, where all the main concepts of business, legal forms and the structure of the business plan are defined. The practical part consists of the concrete business plan, where you can find detailed information about the company, description of business opportunities, analysis of environment, competition and risks, financial processing and evaluation of the entire business plan.

This thesis concerns the question of the suitable insurance portfolio for chosen enterprise - SMERO, spol.s r.o. The thesis contains risk analysis and also the concept of insurance portfolio that aims to minimize the most serious risks influencing the business using insurance products.

This diplom thesis deals with a proposal of a business plan for setting up a public filling station of fuel located in Brno. In the theoretical part, there are described entrepreneurship, the most utilised methods of analyses and structure of the business plan at the theoretical level. Essential analyses for creation of the business plan are performed in the analysis part. Creation of the proposal of the business plan and creation of the risk analysis including the proposal of the countermeasure are content of the last part.

The existing audit risk model does not take business risk into account. The aims of this study are, firstly, to do research on the necessity of taking business risk into account in the audit risk model, and secondly, to indicate the influence of business risk on the audit risk model and on the scope of an audit. In this study, both audit and business risks were researched and it was determined that the existing audit risk model only considers the probabilities that auditors can give incorrect opinions. This study proposes a method whereby an auditor can consider both his own business risk and that ofhis client in determining an audit risk that is acceptable to him and in determining the scope ofhis audit. In addition to the probabilities of incorrect decisions by auditors the consequences thereof are also considered, thus limiting the auditor's engagement risk. / Die huidige ouditrisikomodel neem nie besigheidrisiko in ag nie. Die doel van hierdie studie is eerstens, om die noodsaaklikheid van die inagnerning van besigheidsrisiko in die ouditrisikomodel te ondersoek en tweedens, om die invloed van besigheidsrisiko op die ouditrisikomodel en op die omvang van 'n oudit aan te dui. In hierdie studie is literatuur oor ouditrisiko en besigheidsrisiko ondersoek waaruit aan die lig kom dat die huidige ouditrisikomodel net die waarskynlikhede in ag neem dat ouditeurs foutiewe menings kan uitspreek. Gevolglik stel die studie 'n metode voor waardeur 'n ouditeur beide sy eie besigheidsrisiko asook die van sy klient in ag kan neem tydens die bepaling van 'n ouditrisiko wat vir hom aanvaarbaar is en tydens die vasstelling van die omvang van sy oudit. Daardeur word nie alleen die waarskynlikhede nie, maar ook die gevolge van foutiewe besluitnemings deur ouditeurs oorweeg en 'n ouditeur se aanstellingsrisiko sodoende beperk. / Auditing / MCom (Ouditkunde)

台灣近幾年爆發一連串上市櫃公司財務弊案，除了投資大眾遭受損害，簽證會計師也跟著受懲，輕則負擔民事賠償責任、賠上個人職業生涯，重則有可能被羈押受到刑責。對於會計師事務所而言，其委任風險（Engagement risk）可能導致事務所本身的訴訟風險與財務危機、事務所形象及聲譽的損毀，甚至最後導致事務所的倒閉，因此，客戶品質的管理決策對於事務所而言是相對重要的。Huss and Jacobs (1991)認為客戶承接前的決策過程是審計程序中最重要的步驟，故建立一套完善評估客戶的政策或程序，是會計師事務所對於品質控制的一個重要基石。國內某四大會計師事務所在近年進行了事務所的客戶承接管理變革，因此，本研究欲以此會計師事務所為例，探討其客戶承接管理變革之各項措施，以及事務所在進行管理變革之後，所承接之客戶在企業風險上顯示的變化，以期獲得該客戶承接決策改變能否有效降低事務所風險的證據。 本研究實證結果顯示此會計師事務所在客戶承接變革之後，續任以及新承接的客戶相對於未續任的客戶，其整體營運風險（財務風險）較低，可知會計師事務所進行之變革具有初步成效。再者，新承接客戶之成長性較續任客戶來的高，且其負債比率較續任客戶低，表示事務所在考量承接新客戶時，除了透過較嚴謹的程序篩選財務風險較低者外，亦會選擇未來發展性較高之客戶。最後，實證顯示續任之客戶在規模上較未續任的客戶來的大，可以推論此會計師事務所的客戶組合正往其聚焦服務的概念發展。 / In recent years, a series of financial frauds were reported by listed and OTC companies in Taiwan. Not only investors incurred tremendous financial losses, a number of accountants were sanctioned by the authorities. For accounting firms, potential damages ranged from litigation costs, reputation losses, to the ultimate demise of the entire firm. Therefore, managing the quality of clients for the firm is even increasingly important. Huss and Jacobs (1991) suggest that the preengagement decision process is the most critical step. Thus, it is important for accounting firms to establish effective policies or procedures to assess client's quality comprehensively. A local office of one Big 4 accounting firm in Taiwan made significant changes in the management of client acceptance decision in recent years. Therefore, this study takes the accounting firm for example to examine the effect of changes in its client engagement process. I also empirically study whether the firm’s clients exhibit better quality on their business risks after the change. Evidence is collected to find out if the firm effectively reduce its client business risk by implementing new procedures and policies. The empirical results of this study show that the continued clients and newly accepted clients are less risky on business risk than discontinued clients after management change, indicating the change in the accounting firm was initially effective. Furthermore, the newly accepted clients have higher growth opportunities than continued clients, and their debt ratios are lower than those of the continued clients. It is suggested that firms in undertaking new clients, use more stringent procedures to select those with lower business risks, and high development potentials in the future. Finally, the evidence shows that the continued clients are much bigger in size than discontinued clients.