Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-12T14:50:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosDeSouzaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 9843701 bytes, checksum: 8e563077102155eb9d912b0e87894399 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-16T13:32:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosDeSouzaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 9843701 bytes, checksum: 8e563077102155eb9d912b0e87894399 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-16T13:32:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosDeSouzaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 9843701 bytes, checksum: 8e563077102155eb9d912b0e87894399 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-20 / As mudan?as naturais e antr?picas que v?m ocorrendo na zona costeira em todo o mundo representam um dos maiores problemas para a sociedade neste s?culo. Essa import?ncia se torna mais evidente devido ? elevada densidade das cidades litor?neas, ? crescente especula??o tur?stico-imobili?ria dessas ?reas e ?s altera??es clim?ticas que tendem a desencadear e acelerar esses processos. Nesse contexto, percebe-se cada vez mais um aumento significativo dos problemas relacionados ? eros?o costeira e recuo de fal?sias no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A ?rea de estudo desta pesquisa localiza-se na zona costeira do munic?pio de Ba?a Formosa/RN, no litoral oriental-sul do Rio Grande do Norte, e possui uma extens?o de cerca de 1200 m ao longo da praia do Porto. O objetivo principal deste trabalho ? analisar a estabilidade dessas fal?sias, atrav?s de investiga??es de campo, ensaios e an?lises computacionais utilizando o M?todo dos Elementos Finitos e o M?todo de Bishop. Para atender aos objetivos deste trabalho, a ?rea foi subdividida em quatro trechos, e foram aplicados checklists e tamb?m realizados ensaios de caracteriza??o e de cisalhamento direto com materiais obtidos ao longo desses trechos. Os segmentos de fal?sia nessa zona costeira possuem alturas variando em torno de 4 m e 14 m e inclina??es de aproximadamente 40? a 90?. Os solos constituintes das fal?sias foram classificados, em termos gerais, como areias argilosas ou siltosas e argilas arenosas, sendo os solos mais argilosos e variegados pertencentes ? base da fal?sia. As an?lises de estabilidade mostraram que os fatores de seguran?a variaram, no trecho 01, de 2,38 a 6,06, no trecho 02, de 1,01 a 1,62, no trecho 03, de 1,29 a 1,78, e no trecho 04, de 0,83 a 2,48. Assim, os trechos 02 e 03, foram considerados como mais inst?veis. Entretanto, pode-se considerar o trecho 03 como o mais cr?tico devido ? aus?ncia de estruturas de prote??o costeira e ? estreita faixa de praia. Fato que n?o ocorre no trecho 02, o qual possui uma extensa faixa de praia e ? protegido por um muro de arrimo que restringe o acesso dos banhistas ?s ?reas adjacentes do p? da fal?sia. / The natural and anthropogenic changes that are occurring at the coastal zone around the world represent the greatest problem to society in this century. This problem becomes more evident due to high density of coastal cities, to growing tourist-estate speculation of those areas and to climate change that tend to trigger and accelerate the erosive processes that operating in the littoral. In this context, it?s possible perceive ever more a significant increase of problems associated to the coastal erosion and retreat of cliffs in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, where this study area of this search is located. The area is located in the coastal zone of the city of Ba?a Formosa/RN, in south-eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, and has a extension of about 1200 meters along the Porto beach. The main objective of this study is to analyze the stability of these cliffs in this region. Through field investigations, testings and computational analysis using the Finite Element Method and Equilibrium Limit Methods. The area was divided into four sections, and were applied checklists, and also realized characterization tests and direct shear tests with materials obtained along these sections. In this manner, it was found that the segments of cliff in this coastal zone have heights around 4 meters to 14 meters and inclinations of approximately 40? to 90?.However the constituents soils of the cliffs were classified, in general terms in accordance to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS), as clayey sands or silty sands, clays of low plasticity, clayey gravels and poorly graduaded sands. The most variegated and clayey soils belong to base of the cliff. The stability analysis showed that the safety factors ranged in section 01, from 1.92 to 4.93, in the section 02, from 1.00 to 1.43, in the section 03, from 1.36 to 1.75 , and section 04, from 1.00 to 3.64. Thus, the sections 02 and 03 were considered more unstable. However, the section 03 can be considered as the most critical section due to the absence of coastal protection structures and the narrow strip of beach.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosJCL.pdf: 3613011 bytes, checksum: 529be5694f24f5ff1eee5319abc8259b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-28 / The urban expansion problem of Ba?a Formosa, a southern edge city of de Rio Grande do Norte eastern coast, which has been presented in other coast Brazilian towns, specially on those with tourist activities increase. Therefore, this situation brings huge concerns to their inhabitants, to their technical /scientific community and to the governments, because of the conflicts of interest and of the growth of urban problems that this has been created. At Ba?a Formosa, the situation is aggravated because the city is confined, once around it, there are large private proprieties, environmental preservation area and the sea, at the eastern edge. The objectives of this study are the analyses of this city expansion process in order to obtain adequate alternatives and defining methodology to apply in other urban nucleus that are subjected to similar situations. Of course, presents social relations, environmental conditions and promoting local population insertion should be considered in order that enjoin this process and contributing to a better social balance. This case study has used bibliography research, field data, maps and soil occupation recorders and photographs of the area, besides the primary data gathering by surveys carried out with many social actors. The present analysis shows that the urban expansion observed today is featured by a recent unsustainable model, which attacks the environment and brings either farm conflicts. On the other hand, the ecological tourism can represent an alternative in order to achieve an adequate expansion form, without forgetting the several structural parameters necessary to support the sustainable activities / A problem?tica da expans?o urbana de Ba?a Formosa, cidade situada no extremo sul do Litoral Oriental do Rio Grande do Norte, se apresenta no contexto da realidade observada atualmente nos munic?pios litor?neos brasileiros, em especial naqueles submetidos ao aumento da atividade tur?stica, e por isso tem trazido grandes preocupa??es aos seus habitantes, ? comunidade t?cnico/cient?fica e aos governantes, em face dos conflitos de interesses e da amplia??o dos problemas urbanos que tem gerado. Em Ba?a Formosa a situa??o ? agravada pelo fato de que a cidade ? confinada, por coexistirem, em seu entorno, extensas propriedades privadas, ?reas de preserva??o ambiental e o mar, em seu limite Leste. S?o objetivos deste estudo a an?lise do processo de expans?o urbana dessa cidade e as alternativas para que a organiza??o socioespacial de n?cleos urbanos submetidos a situa??es similares possa se dar de forma adequada, considerando as rela??es sociais existentes, os condicionantes naturais e a promo??o da inser??o da popula??o local, para que usufrua desse processo, de modo a contribuir para uma maior eq?idade social. Tratando-se de um estudo de caso utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliogr?fica, dados de campo, registros feitos em mapas do uso e ocupa??o do solo e fotografias da ?rea, al?m da coleta de dados prim?rios por meio de entrevistas feitas com v?rios atores sociais. A an?lise mostra que a expans?o urbana hoje observada ? caracterizada por um modelo insustent?vel, que al?m de recente, agride ao meio ambiente, traz conflitos fundi?rios, e ? at?pico, devido ao confinamento que a ?rea est? submetida, e que o ecoturismo, pode representar uma alternativa para que sua expans?o se d? de forma adequada, se observados os diversos par?metros de sustentabilidade da atividade