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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Bacillus thuringiensis para controle de Musca domestica: seleção de estirpes e avaliação do perfil de hemócitos em larvas / Bacillus thuringiensis for control of Musca domestica: selection of strains and evaluation of the hemocyte profile in larvae

Stein, Ana Elisabeth Korte 28 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-05T17:16:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Elisabeth Korte Stein - 2017.pdf: 1890648 bytes, checksum: 23075cfcc3f4fb866b17fa8be2766d80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T15:14:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Elisabeth Korte Stein - 2017.pdf: 1890648 bytes, checksum: 23075cfcc3f4fb866b17fa8be2766d80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T15:14:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Elisabeth Korte Stein - 2017.pdf: 1890648 bytes, checksum: 23075cfcc3f4fb866b17fa8be2766d80 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Musca domestica is considered one of the most harmful pests to the egg industry due to its high reproductive capacity and great potential of acting as a mechanical vector of many pathogenicagens to the egg-laying hens. Currently, the society is interested in alternative methods for pest control, once the constant and indiscriminate use of chemical products has caused intoxication to humans and domestic animals. Also, the irregular use of chemicals has selected resistant fly populations, accumulated chemical residues in the environment and food, and eliminated insects important to the natural control of flies. In order to develop alternative methods to control M. domestica, this study investigated Bacillus thuringiensis strains able to act as promising biological control agents. Twenty two strains of B. thuringiensis were tested in a screening assay for selecting the most virulent ones; one third of them were virulent to M. domestica larva, and two of them were selected for the next tests. Bioassays were conducted with the strains S601 and S599 to determine the larval treatment efficiency; they showed efficiency to control larva of M. domestica in all concentrations tested. The current study also characterized the hemocytes from hemolymph of larva of M. domestica by their identification and quantification; also, we evaluated the effect of the strain S599 of B. thuringiensis infection to the total hemocytes counts, and number and size of hemocyte types, using optical microscopy. Collections were made at the times of 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs. Five hemocyte types were found: prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, oenocytoids and spherulocytes, in which plasmatocytes were found in superior number. Prohemocytes were the smallest cells observed, and oenocytoids were the biggest ones. The treatment of M. domestica larva with B. thuringiensis did not change morpholigical characteristics of hemocytes, as well as it did not modify the counts of hemocyte types. The total number of hemocytes in the hemolymph, however, increased significantly 48 hours after the larval treatment. B. thuringiensis strains selected in the current study are promising agents for biological control of M. domestica. / Musca domestica é considerada umas das pragas mais prejudiciais à produção intensiva de aves poedeiras devido seu alto poder reprodutivo e elevado potencial de agir como vetor mecânico de vários agentes causadores de doenças. Atualmente a sociedade vem procurando novas formas de controle de pragas, já que o uso constante e indiscriminado de produtos químicos tem levado a casos de intoxicação em humanos e animais, além de selecionar populações cada vez mais resistentes, deixar resíduos no ambiente e nos alimentos e prejudicar insetos importantes para o equilíbrio biológico. No intuito de desenvolver outra forma de controle para M. domestica, o presente trabalho selecionou estirpes de Bacillus thuringiensis promissoras para atuarem como agentes de biocontrole de M. domestica. Dessa forma, no teste seletivo foram testadas 22 estirpes de B. thuringiensis, onde duas mostraram-se virulentas para larvas da mosca. Bioensaios para determinação de eficácia do tratamento larval foram realizados e as estirpes testadas (S601 e S599) mostraram-se promissoras para o controle de larvas de M. domestica em todas as concentrações testadas (20; 15; 10; 5; 1; 0,5; 0,25; 0,125mg/g). Em outra etapa, o estudo caracterizou os hemócitos da hemolinfa de larvas de M. domestica por identificação e quantificação dos tipos celulares presentes na hemolinfa, estudou ainda o efeito do tratamento com a estirpe S599 de B. thuringiensis na contagem total das células, contagem diferencial celular e no tamanho das células, utilizando-se para esta finalidade a microscopia ótica. Realizou-se coletas nos tempos de 12, 24, 48 e 72 hrs. Foram encontrados cinco tipos celulares: pró-hemócitos, plasmatócitos, granulócitos, oenocitoides e esferulócitos, sendo os plasmatócitos as células em maior número, os pró-hemócitos as menores células encontradas e os oenocitoides as maiores células encontradas. O tratamento com B. thuringiensis não alterou as características morfológicas dos hemócitos, assim como não alterou a contagem diferencial das células; no entanto, o número total de hemócitos na hemolinfa aumentou significativamente 48 horas após tratamento das larvas. As estirpes de B. thuringiensis selecionadas são possíveis agentes de biocontrole de M. domestica.

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