Orientador: Angelo Berchieri Júnior / Banca: Antonio Carlos Alessi / Banca: Nilce Maria Soares Queiroz Gama / Resumo: Devido ao grande número de casos de toxinfecção alimentar e aos prejuízos sócio-econômicos causados pela Salmonella Enteritidis aos seres humanos, tornam-se necessário estudos sobre a prevenção e controle desta bactéria nos plantéis avícolas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a análise do emprego de bacterinas inativadas oleosas contra Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis (SE) em aves de postura comercial, visando prevenir a excreção fecal e a contaminação dos ovos. Foram utilizadas três formulações de bacterinas comerciais de SE em emulsão oleosa. As aves foram vacinadas na oitava e décima sexta semana de idade e foi mantido um grupo de aves sem vacinação (controle). Na vigésima semana de idade, treze aves de cada tratamento foram desafiadas com uma dose oral de aproximadamente 109 células viáveis de SE fagotipo 4 (resistente ao ácido nalidíxico e a espectomicina), sendo que este procedimento foi repetido na vigésima quinta e trigésima primeira semanas de idade. A eficácia das vacinas empregadas foi conferida através de exames laboratoriais, para pesquisa de SE no conteúdo cecal, baço, ovário e ovos. A vacinação conferiu proteção parcial contra colonização de SE no ceco e contra eliminação da bactéria nas fezes e nos ovos, portanto, recomenda-se que o uso das bacterinas seja complementado com outras formas de controle para SE. / Abstract: Due to the great number of outbreaks of food poisoning and the socioeconomic issues caused to the human beings by the Salmonella Enteritidis, it becomes necessary the study on the prevention and control of this bacterium in the poultry flocks. Thus, the objective of this work was the analysis of the use of bacterins against Salmonella Enteritidis infection in commercial birds, aiming to prevent the fecal excretion and the contamination of eggs. Have been used three Salmonella Enteritidis oil-emulsion commercial bacterins formulations. The laying hens were vaccinated in the eighth and sixteenth weeks old and one group of birds was kept as nonvacinated control. On twentieth weeks ago, thirteen birds of each treatment were challenged with an oral dose of approximately 109 viable cells of phage type 4 Salmonella Enteritidis (resistant to the acid nalidixic and the espectomicin), this procedure was repeated in the twentieth fifth and thirtieth first weeks ago. The efficacy of employed vaccines was conferred through laboratorial examinations, for research of SE from fecal samples, spleen, ovary and eggs. The vaccination conferred partial protection against caecal colonization and against shedding of SE in the feces and eggs, therefore, it is recommended that the use of the killed bacterins be complemented with other forms of SE control. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-01-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:17:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moura_amg_me_jabo.pdf: 217826 bytes, checksum: a7582335f0d6673050625302eb64e73a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Devido ao grande número de casos de toxinfecção alimentar e aos prejuízos sócio-econômicos causados pela Salmonella Enteritidis aos seres humanos, tornam-se necessário estudos sobre a prevenção e controle desta bactéria nos plantéis avícolas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a análise do emprego de bacterinas inativadas oleosas contra Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis (SE) em aves de postura comercial, visando prevenir a excreção fecal e a contaminação dos ovos. Foram utilizadas três formulações de bacterinas comerciais de SE em emulsão oleosa. As aves foram vacinadas na oitava e décima sexta semana de idade e foi mantido um grupo de aves sem vacinação (controle). Na vigésima semana de idade, treze aves de cada tratamento foram desafiadas com uma dose oral de aproximadamente 109 células viáveis de SE fagotipo 4 (resistente ao ácido nalidíxico e a espectomicina), sendo que este procedimento foi repetido na vigésima quinta e trigésima primeira semanas de idade. A eficácia das vacinas empregadas foi conferida através de exames laboratoriais, para pesquisa de SE no conteúdo cecal, baço, ovário e ovos. A vacinação conferiu proteção parcial contra colonização de SE no ceco e contra eliminação da bactéria nas fezes e nos ovos, portanto, recomenda-se que o uso das bacterinas seja complementado com outras formas de controle para SE. / Due to the great number of outbreaks of food poisoning and the socioeconomic issues caused to the human beings by the Salmonella Enteritidis, it becomes necessary the study on the prevention and control of this bacterium in the poultry flocks. Thus, the objective of this work was the analysis of the use of bacterins against Salmonella Enteritidis infection in commercial birds, aiming to prevent the fecal excretion and the contamination of eggs. Have been used three Salmonella Enteritidis oil-emulsion commercial bacterins formulations. The laying hens were vaccinated in the eighth and sixteenth weeks old and one group of birds was kept as nonvacinated control. On twentieth weeks ago, thirteen birds of each treatment were challenged with an oral dose of approximately 109 viable cells of phage type 4 Salmonella Enteritidis (resistant to the acid nalidixic and the espectomicin), this procedure was repeated in the twentieth fifth and thirtieth first weeks ago. The efficacy of employed vaccines was conferred through laboratorial examinations, for research of SE from fecal samples, spleen, ovary and eggs. The vaccination conferred partial protection against caecal colonization and against shedding of SE in the feces and eggs, therefore, it is recommended that the use of the killed bacterins be complemented with other forms of SE control.

A estirpe Fromm de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Kennewicki foi utilizada para produção de uma bacterina experimental anti-leptospirose. A extração do RNA total utilizado para transcrição reversa e quantificação dos antígenos LigA e LipL32 por PCR em Tempo Real, foi efetuada a partir de alíquotas colhidas das diluições da bacterina antes da sua inativação, as quais foram armazenadas à temperatura de -80ºC. O volume restante da bacterina foi inativado em banho-maria à 56ºC e mantido à temperatura de -20ºC para avaliação da sua potência em hamsters bem como da detecção e quantificação dos antígenos LigA e LipL32 em ensaios de ELISA Indireto e ELISA Sanduíche Indireto. Os resultados do ensaio de potência em hamsters demonstraram que a bacterina foi aprovada de acordo com as exigências dos padrões internacionais de qualidade até a diluição 1/6400, protegendo os hamters contra a infecção letal frente ao desafio com a diluição 10-6 (100 doses infectantes 50%/ 0,2mL). Os resultados das reações de Real Time PCR detectaram 3,2 x 103 e 2,3 x 101 cópias do mRNA que codifica a proteína LigA, na bacterina pura e diluída a 1:200, respectivamente. Apenas oito cópias do mRNA que codifica a proteína LipL32 foram detectadas na amostra de bacterina pura. Os ensaios com ELISA Indireto não detectaram a proteína LigA na amostra de bacterina inativada, mas demonstraram a detecção da proteína LipL32 até a diluição 1/1600 da bacterina. Os ensaios de ELISA Sanduíche Indireto apresentaram reações cruzadas nas placas controle, e, portanto seus resultados não puderam ser considerados nas análises. Os resultados da real time PCR não puderam ser correlacionados com o teste de potência em hamsters, mas os ensaios de ELISA Indireto para a proteína LipL32 demonstraram resultados condizentes com os apresentados pelo teste de potência em hamsters oferecendo uma possível alternativa in vitro para avaliação de potência de bacterinas anti-leptospirose. / Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Fromm was used for the production of a experimental leptospirosis bacterin. The extraction of total RNA used for reverse transcription and quantification of the antigens LigA and LipL32 for Real Time PCR was performed from the aliquots harvested of bacterin dilutions before inactivation that were separated and maintained at -80ºC. The remaining volume of bacterin was inativated at 56ºC and maintained at -20ºC for the evaluation bacterin potency in hamsters and detection and quantification of LigA and LipL32 antigens by Indirect ELISA assay and Indirect Sandwich ELISA. The results of potency assay in hamsters demonstrated that the bacterin was approved by the international patterns of quality until dilution 1/6400, protecting the hamters against lethal infection challenge by the dilution 10-6 (100 infectious doses 50%/0,2 mL). The results of Real Time PCR detected 3,2 x 103 e 2,3 x 101 copies of mRNA that encodes the LigA protein, in samples of pure bacterin and diluted 1:200, respectively. Few eight copies of mRNA that encodes LipL32 protein were detected in pure bacterin samples. Indirect ELISA assays not detected LigA protein in inactivated bacterin samples, but demonstrated LipL32 protein detection until dilution 1:1600 of bacterin. Indirect Sandwich ELISA presented cross-reaction in control plates, so the results cannot be considerated in the analysis. The results of real time PCR cannot be correlated with the potency assay in hamsters but Indirect ELISA assay for protein LipL32 demonstrated that the results were suitable with the results presented by the potency assay in hamsters offering a possible in vitro alternative for the evaluation of leptospirosis bacterins potency.

A estirpe Fromm de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Kennewicki foi utilizada para produção de uma bacterina experimental anti-leptospirose. A extração do RNA total utilizado para transcrição reversa e quantificação dos antígenos LigA e LipL32 por PCR em Tempo Real, foi efetuada a partir de alíquotas colhidas das diluições da bacterina antes da sua inativação, as quais foram armazenadas à temperatura de -80ºC. O volume restante da bacterina foi inativado em banho-maria à 56ºC e mantido à temperatura de -20ºC para avaliação da sua potência em hamsters bem como da detecção e quantificação dos antígenos LigA e LipL32 em ensaios de ELISA Indireto e ELISA Sanduíche Indireto. Os resultados do ensaio de potência em hamsters demonstraram que a bacterina foi aprovada de acordo com as exigências dos padrões internacionais de qualidade até a diluição 1/6400, protegendo os hamters contra a infecção letal frente ao desafio com a diluição 10-6 (100 doses infectantes 50%/ 0,2mL). Os resultados das reações de Real Time PCR detectaram 3,2 x 103 e 2,3 x 101 cópias do mRNA que codifica a proteína LigA, na bacterina pura e diluída a 1:200, respectivamente. Apenas oito cópias do mRNA que codifica a proteína LipL32 foram detectadas na amostra de bacterina pura. Os ensaios com ELISA Indireto não detectaram a proteína LigA na amostra de bacterina inativada, mas demonstraram a detecção da proteína LipL32 até a diluição 1/1600 da bacterina. Os ensaios de ELISA Sanduíche Indireto apresentaram reações cruzadas nas placas controle, e, portanto seus resultados não puderam ser considerados nas análises. Os resultados da real time PCR não puderam ser correlacionados com o teste de potência em hamsters, mas os ensaios de ELISA Indireto para a proteína LipL32 demonstraram resultados condizentes com os apresentados pelo teste de potência em hamsters oferecendo uma possível alternativa in vitro para avaliação de potência de bacterinas anti-leptospirose. / Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Fromm was used for the production of a experimental leptospirosis bacterin. The extraction of total RNA used for reverse transcription and quantification of the antigens LigA and LipL32 for Real Time PCR was performed from the aliquots harvested of bacterin dilutions before inactivation that were separated and maintained at -80ºC. The remaining volume of bacterin was inativated at 56ºC and maintained at -20ºC for the evaluation bacterin potency in hamsters and detection and quantification of LigA and LipL32 antigens by Indirect ELISA assay and Indirect Sandwich ELISA. The results of potency assay in hamsters demonstrated that the bacterin was approved by the international patterns of quality until dilution 1/6400, protecting the hamters against lethal infection challenge by the dilution 10-6 (100 infectious doses 50%/0,2 mL). The results of Real Time PCR detected 3,2 x 103 e 2,3 x 101 copies of mRNA that encodes the LigA protein, in samples of pure bacterin and diluted 1:200, respectively. Few eight copies of mRNA that encodes LipL32 protein were detected in pure bacterin samples. Indirect ELISA assays not detected LigA protein in inactivated bacterin samples, but demonstrated LipL32 protein detection until dilution 1:1600 of bacterin. Indirect Sandwich ELISA presented cross-reaction in control plates, so the results cannot be considerated in the analysis. The results of real time PCR cannot be correlated with the potency assay in hamsters but Indirect ELISA assay for protein LipL32 demonstrated that the results were suitable with the results presented by the potency assay in hamsters offering a possible in vitro alternative for the evaluation of leptospirosis bacterins potency.

Streptococcus suis, l'une des principales bactéries pathogènes présentes chez les porcelets sevrés, est responsable d’importantes pertes économiques dans l'industrie porcine. Aujourd'hui, les vaccins autogènes composés de bactéries tuées (bactérines) sont principalement utilisés mais les études ayant mesuré leur effet chez les porcs sont rares et controversées. Cette étude a évalué la réponse immunitaire induite par ces vaccins sur le terrain en comparant la vaccination des truies (immunité passive transférée aux porcelets) et des porcelets (immunité active). L’étude utilisait une ferme ayant des problèmes récurrents à S. suis et était divisée en deux parties : I) Les porcelets de truies non vaccinées ont reçu 2 doses d'une bactérine autogène. II) Les truies ont reçu 2 doses du même vaccin durant la gestation. Les réponses en anticorps ont été analysées par ELISA et leur effet protecteur par un test d'opsonophagocytose (OPA). La vaccination des porcelets n'a pas induit de réponse immunitaire active même après deux doses. Dans la deuxième partie, des taux élevés d'anticorps (principalement d'origine maternelle) avec une importante activité OPA ont été observés chez les porcelets âgés d’environ 1 semaine, indépendamment de la vaccination des truies. Ils diminuaient à 3 semaines d’âge, période la plus à risque. Malgré une légère augmentation des anticorps chez les truies vaccinées, le transfert d'immunité maternelle aux porcelets restait identique. Globalement, un programme de vaccination actif ou passif de porcelet avec la bactérine autogène utilisée ici n'a pas induit de protection durable chez les porcelets post-sevrés. Une amélioration de la formulation du vaccin est requise. / Streptococcus suis, one of the most important bacterial pathogen in weaned piglets, is responsible for serious economic losses in the swine industry. Today, mostly autogenous vaccines composed of killed bacteria (bacterins) are used but studies that assessed their protective effect on pigs are missing and their ability to protect is controversial. This comparative field study evaluated the immunological response induced by these vaccines comparing vaccination of sows (passive immunity transferred to piglets) or piglets (active immunity). Using a sow herd with recurrent S. suis problems, the study was divided in two parts: I) Piglets from non-vaccinated sows received 2 doses of an autogenous bacterin. II) Sows received 2 doses of the same vaccine during gestation. Antibody responses were analyzed by ELISA and their protective effect was evaluated by an opsonophagocytosis assay (OPA). Piglet vaccination failed to induce an active immune response even after two vaccine doses. In the 2nd part of the study, high levels of antibodies (mainly maternal-derived) with marked OPA activity were observed in piglets at 1 week old approximately, independently of sow vaccination. These antibodies decreased at 3 weeks of age, in the post-weaning high-risk period. In spite of a slight increase of antibodies in vaccinated sows, maternal immunity transfer to piglets did not increase. Overall, an active or passive piglet vaccination program with the autogenous bacterin used herein failed to induce lasting protection in post-weaned piglets. An improvement of vaccine formulation may be required.

Streptococcus suis est une bactérie pathogène qui cause d'importantes pertes économiques dans l'industrie porcine à travers le monde. Comme il n’existe pas de vaccins commerciaux en Amérique du Nord, l'utilisation d'autovaccins administrés aux cochettes/truies pour induire des anticorps passifs chez les porcelets représente une alternative intéressante pour les producteurs. Cependant, il n’existe aucune production standardisée de ces vaccins et le produit final peut être très différent d'un laboratoire agréé à l'autre. Dans la présente étude, un vaccin autogène (« bacterin ») polyvalent contenant les sérotypes 1/2, 2, 5, 7 et 14 de S. suis a été préparé par un laboratoire agréé et utilisé dans un programme de trois doses administrées aux cochettes par voie intramusculaire. La réponse humorale (anticorps) chez les cochettes ainsi que le transfert passif d'anticorps aux porcelets ont été évalués. Contrairement à ce qui avait été publié précédemment avec un vaccin autogène produit par une autre compagnie, la réponse anticorps accrue observée chez les cochettes vaccinées était suffisante pour améliorer le transfert d'anticorps maternels aux porcelets âgés de 3 à 5 semaines. Cependant, les porcelets resteraient encore sensibles à la maladie à S. suis qui apparaît souvent pendant la deuxième partie de la période en pouponnière. Le niveau élevé d'anticorps n'a pas affecté l'excrétion de S. suis (ainsi que celle de sérotypes spécifiques de S. suis inclus dans le vaccin) chez les cochettes et les porcelets. Bien que tous les traitements antibiotiques aient été absents pendant l'essai, l'effet protecteur clinique du programme de vaccination avec le vaccin autogène n'a pas pu être évalué, car des cas limités d’infection à S. suis étaient présents pendant l'essai. D'autres essais pour évaluer l'utilité de la vaccination des cochettes/truies avec des vaccins autogènes pour protéger les porcelets de pouponnière devraient être réalisés. Il est nécessaire, pour les futurs essais sur le terrain, de toujours inclure un groupe témoin non vacciné, d'éliminer si possible tout traitement antimicrobien dans l'élevage et de confirmer l'étiologie des cas cliniques par un diagnostic en laboratoire lors de l'évaluation de l'effet protecteur de tels vaccins autogènes. / Streptococcus suis is a bacterial pathogen that causes important economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Since there are no commercial vaccines available in North America, the use of autogenous vaccines applied to gilts/sows to induce maternal antibodies to protect piglets is an attractive alternative for producers. However, there is no universal standardization in the production of such vaccines and the final product may be highly different among licenced laboratories. In the present study, a polyvalent autogenous vaccine (“bacterin”) with S. suis serotypes 1/2, 2, 5, 7 and 14 was prepared by a licenced laboratory and used in a three-dose program given to gilts intramuscularily. The humoral (antibody) response in gilts as well as the passive transfer of antibodies to piglets were evaluated. Different from what was previously published with an autogenous vaccine produced by a different company, the increased response seen in vaccinated gilts when compared to non-vaccinated animals was sufficient to improve maternal antibody transfer to piglets of 3 to 5 weeks of age. However, piglets would still remain susceptible to S. suis disease that often appears during the second part of the nursery period. The high level of antibodies did not affect S. suis (as well as that of specific serotypes of S. suis included in the vaccine) shedding by both, gilts and piglets. Although all antibiotic treatments were absent during the trial, the clinical protective effect of the vaccination program with the autogenous vaccine could not be evaluated, since limited S. suis clinical cases were present during the trial. Further trials to evaluate the usefulness of gilt/sow vaccination with autogenous vaccines to protect nursery piglets should be done. There is a need, for future field trials, to always include a control non-vaccinated group, to eliminate if possible any antimicrobial treatment in the farm and to confirm the etiology of clinical cases by a diagnostic laboratory when evaluating the protective effect of such autogenous vaccines.

Streptococcus suis est une bactérie encapsulée causant des pertes économiques majeures dans l’industrie porcine en provoquant la méningite et la septicémie chez le porc. C’est aussi un important agent zoonotique. Depuis de nombreuses années de recherche sur des vaccins, aucun n’est efficace et commercialement disponible. En effet, les bactérines (bactéries entières inactivées) autogènes sont les plus couramment utilisées sur le terrain, mais demeurent avec des résultats controversés. Pourtant, S. suis exprime de nombreux composants immunogéniques pouvant être potentiellement utilisés pour des vaccins sous-unitaires. Cependant, tester la capacité immunogénique de ces nombreux candidats vaccinaux ainsi qu’évaluer le meilleur adjuvant pour la formulation d’un vaccin contre S. suis est un processus long et onéreux qui requiert l’utilisation d’un nombre élevé d’animaux. En effet, les essais vaccinaux contre S. suis débutent par un premier dépistage chez la souris pour ensuite être testés chez le porc. Il est donc nécessaire de développer des stratégies permettant d’avancer et de faciliter la recherche. Dans cette optique, un système in vitro a été développé utilisant des cellules dendritiques (DC) différenciées à partir des cellules souches de la moelle osseuse de fémur de porc. Ce modèle permettra l’analyse des candidats vaccinaux et de leur potentiel immunogénique ainsi que l’évaluation préliminaire des adjuvants. Ce système in vitro pourrait réduire le nombre d’animaux utilisés pour les essais précliniques en délivrant des connaissances immunologiques fondamentales sur les formulations de vaccins testés, dont ceux retenus mériteront une étude approfondie chez l’animal. Pour développer ce modèle in vitro, l’utilisation de plusieurs cultures de DCs, dérivées des cellules souches de la moelle osseuse de 10 porcelets différents, ont été utilisées afin de tenir compte du polymorphisme génétique de chacun. Différents composants antigéniques de S. suis, dont leurs pouvoirs immunogéniques ont déjà été évalués lors des essais vaccinaux, ont été choisis. Parmi eux, une protéine de surface de S. suis a été sélectionnée : l’énolase. In vivo, elle a été reconnue comme ayant une forte immunogénicité, cependant la protection conférée par cette protéine dépend de l’adjuvant utilisé dans la formulation vaccinale. La capsule polysaccharidique (CPS) de S. suis, l’antigène le plus exposé en surface de la bactérie et en première ligne de contact avec le système immunitaire, est le deuxième antigène à être sélectionné pour cette étude. Étant donné la faible immunogénicité de la CPS, reliée à sa nature polysaccharidique, un prototype glycoconjugué a été précédemment développé dans notre laboratoire et son effet protecteur a été validé chez le porc. Le glycoconjugué et ses dérivées ont aussi fait l’objet de cette présente étude. Finalement, la capacité des DCs à répondre à des bactérines a aussi été évaluée. Différentes catégories d’adjuvants ont été sélectionnées (Poly I:C, Quil A, Alhydrogel 2%, TiterMax Gold et Stimune) et leurs effets ont été comparés. L’activation des DCs a été évaluée par la production de cytokines de type 1 (IL-12 et TNF-α) et de type 2 (IL-6). Il a été observé que les adjuvants intensifiaient l’activation des DCs par une augmentation de production des cytokines par rapport aux antigènes seuls. De plus, il a été constaté que les DCs distinguaient un adjuvant de type 1 ou de type 2 par l’observation d’un profil cytokinique spécifique à chaque type de réponse suite à leur activation par les adjuvants combinés aux différents antigènes. Il a aussi été constaté que l’ampleur de la production de cytokines variait selon la nature de l’antigène présent avec les adjuvants. Enfin, il a été noté que les DCs répondaient différemment selon la nature chimique des antigènes. En conclusion, ce système in vitro a permis d’évaluer la capacité immunogénique de candidats vaccinaux, mais aussi de présélectionner les meilleurs adjuvants favorisant la réponse immunitaire désirée contre S. suis. À cette fin, ce modèle pourrait permettre la réduction du nombre d’animaux utilisés en test préclinique, en permettant une présélection des candidats vaccinaux à tester in vivo ou en fournissant des connaissances scientifiques additionnelles sur des choix des candidats cibles. Sur le long terme, ce modèle facilitera la découverte des vaccins sous-unitaires contre S. suis. / Streptococcus suis, an encapsulated bacterium, is a major swine pathogen and an important zoonotic agent mainly causing septicemia and meningitis. Despite decades of vaccine research, no effective vaccine is currently commercially available. Indeed, autogenous bacterins (whole inactivated bacteria) are the most commonly used vaccines in the field; however, their protective capacity remains controversial. Nevertheless, S. suis expresses many immunogenic constituents that may have potential as sub-unit vaccines. However, testing the immunogenic potential of the many S. suis candidates and appropriate adjuvants is a long and costly process requiring the use of many animals. Indeed, studies of vaccines against S. suis start with a first screening in mice prior to evaluation in pigs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies to advance and facilitate the research. Hence, an in vitro porcine bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (DC) culture was developed as a model for screening vaccine candidates, evaluation of their immunogenicity, and assessment of the best(s) adjuvant(s) to be used. This model could reduce the number of animals used in pre-clinical trials by providing fundamental immunological knowledge on selected vaccine formulations that would deserve further analysis in animal trials. To develop this model, porcine bone marrow-derived DC cultures from 10 different pigs were used to take into account the genetic polymorphism of individual animals. Different antigenic components of S. suis, the immunogenic properties of which have already been evaluated in vaccine trials, were selected. Among them, a surface protein of S. suis was selected: enolase. In vivo, this protein has been recognized as having high immunogenicity; however, the protection conferred by this protein depends on the adjuvant used in the vaccine formulation. The S. suis capsular polysaccharide (CPS), the most exposed antigen on the surface of the bacterium and the first line of contact with the immune system, is the second antigen selected for this study. Given the low immunogenicity of CPS, linked to its polysaccharide nature, a prototype glycoconjugate vaccine was previously developed in our laboratory and its protective effect validated in pigs. This glycoconjugate and its derivatives have also been the subject of this study. Finally, the ability of DCs to respond to bacterins was also evaluated. Different categories of adjuvants (Poly I:C, Quil A, Alhydrogel 2%, TiterMax Gold, and Stimune) were compared. The activation of DCs was evaluated by the production of type 1 (IL-12 and TNF-α) and type 2 (IL-6) cytokines. It was observed that adjuvants amplify DC activation as demonstrated by an increase of cytokine production when compared to the antigen alone. Moreover, DCs distinguish type 1 or 2 adjuvants in combination with different S. suis antigens, according to the cytokine profile observed. It has also been found that the extent of cytokine production varies depending on the nature of the antigen present with the adjuvants. Finally, it was observed that DCs respond differently depending on the chemical nature of the antigens. In conclusion, this in vitro model allows the evaluation of the immunogenic potential of vaccine candidates while also screening for adjuvants favoring the desired immune response against S. suis. Therefore, this model could permit a reduction in the number of animals used in pre-clinical trials by allowing a preselection of candidates to be tested in vivo or by providing additional scientific knowledge as a basis for the target choices. As a result, the list of candidates to be screened in the natural host in vivo would be reduced, facilitating the discovery of a subunit vaccine against S. suis.