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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[en] ATTITUDE CONTROL OF AN ELECTRIC ROBOTIC VEHICLE DURING BALLISTIC MOTION / [pt] CONTROLE DE ATITUDE DE UM VEÍCULO ROBÓTICO ELÉTRICO EM FASE BALÍSTICA

PEDRO FERREIRA DA COSTA BLOIS DE ASSIS 03 June 2014 (has links)
[pt] Controle de estabilidade é uma técnica aplicada para aumentar a segurança em veículos automotivos. Ele compreende não apenas controle de guinada como controle de rolagem, principalmente em veículos altos como caminhões. Uma tendência na indústria automobilística já consagrada em sistemas robóticos de exploração são os veículos elétricos que possuem motores elétricos independentes em cada roda. Sua característica de não emitir qualquer poluente os torna ambientalmente atraentes e, devido à forma de atuação, tendem a ser mecanicamente menos complexos. Os controles de estabilidade atuais visam prevenir que o veículo chegue a uma situação de instabilidade. No entanto, veículos em alta velocidade que encontrem obstáculos nos terrenos podem perder o contato com o solo. Nessa situação, os controles de estabilidade atuais nada podem fazer para garantir um retorno seguro para o terreno. Este trabalho apresenta um algoritmo de detecção de descolamento da roda para identificação do início da fase balística e consequente determinação da ação necessária para aumentar as chances de um retorno seguro ao chão. São usados apenas sensores de corrente e velocidade dos motores para a detecção. O controle por roda de reação é aplicado ao veículo para estabilização durante a fase balística. O algoritmo também é capaz de estimar o torque externo aplicado sobre a roda usando os mesmo sensores utilizados para o controle de torque dos motores, tornando a técnica uma ferramenta sem custos adicionais ao sistema. Os algoritmos de controle e detecção apresentados foram testados experimentalmente e em um simulador desenvolvido para a pesquisa usando o modelo de um veículo robótico de sessenta quilogramas com quatro rodas independentes atuadas por meio de motores elétricos de corrente contínua. Os resultados obtidos mostram o potencial da técnica para futuras aplicações. / [en] Stability control is a known algorithm used to increase safety in passenger vehicles. It comprises not only yaw control but rollover as well, mainly in vehicles with high centers of gravity. Another already established trend in the automobile industry are electric vehicles with independently driven wheels. Its zero-emitting qualities have made them environmentally attractive and, due to their drivetrain design, they tend to be mechanically less complex. Stability controls used nowadays work to prevent the vehicle from reaching unstable situations. Nonetheless, high speed vehicles hitting obstacles may lose contact with the ground. In these situations, none of the existing stability controls can guarantee safe landing during ballistic motion. This work presents an algorithm for flying wheel detection to help identify ballistic motion tendencies and therefore determine the appropriate action to increase the odds of a safe landing. Current sensors and encoders are used by the algorithm. A reaction wheel based control is proposed to stabilize and adjust the pitch angle during ballistic motion and set up the vehicle to a better position to return to land. The flying wheel detection algorithm can also estimate external torques acting on the wheel using the same sensors already installed in the motor for current control, making it a costless technique. The detection algorithm and pitch control algorithm presented were tested experimentally and in a simulator developed for the research. The results show the potential of the algorithms presented for future implementations.
2

Hydrodynamic Pumping of a Quantum Fermi Liquid in a Semiconductor Heterostructure

Kantha, Deependra 16 December 2002 (has links)
No description available.
3

Motion planning for digital actors / Planification de mouvements pour acteurs digitaux

Campana, Mylène 07 July 2017 (has links)
Les algorithmes probabilistes offrent de puissantes possibilités quant à la résolution de problèmes de planification de mouvements pour des robots complexes dans des environnements quelconques. Cependant, la qualité des chemins solutions obtenus est discutable. Cette thèse propose un outil pour optimiser ces chemins et en améliorer la qualité. La méthode se base sur l'optimisation numérique contrainte et la détection de collision pour réduire la longueur du chemin tout en évitant les collisions. La modularité des méthodes probabilistes nous a aussi inspirés pour réaliser un algorithme de génération de sauts pour des personnages. Cet algorithme est décrit par trois étapes de planifications, de la trajectoire du centre du personnage jusqu'à son mouvement corps-complet. Chaque étape bénéficie de la rigueur de la planification pour éviter les collisions et pour contraindre le chemin. Nous avons proposé des contraintes inspirées de la physique pour améliorer la plausibilité des mouvements, telles que du non-glissement, de la limitation de vitesse et du maintien de contacts. Les travaux de cette thèse ont été intégrés dans le logiciel "Humanoid Path Planner" et les rendus visuels effectués avec Blender. / Probabilistic algorithms offer powerful possibilities as for solving motion planning problems for complex robots in arbitrary environments. However, the quality of obtained solution paths is questionable. This thesis presents a tool to optimize these paths and improve their quality. The method is based on constrained numerical optimization and on collision checking to reduce the path length while avoiding collisions. The modularity of probabilistic methods also inspired us to design a motion generation algorithm for jumping characters. This algorithm is described by three steps of motion planning, from the trajectory of the character's center to the wholebody motion. Each step benefits from the rigor of motion planning to avoid collisions and to constraint the path. We proposed physics-inspired constraints to increase the plausibility of motions, such as slipping avoidance, velocity limitation and contact maintaining. The thesis works have been implemented in the software `Humanoid Path Planner' and the graphical renderings have been done with Blender.

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