Orientador: Helena Teixeira Godoy / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T18:02:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Borges_MariaTeresaMendesRibeiro_D.pdf: 8240061 bytes, checksum: cd7f00cf61393603a9e6c2f1b3ae9925 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: O Brasil, um dos maiores produtores mundiais de banana, é também um dos maiores desperdiçadores deste fruto. A banana, um alimento facilmente encontrado em diversas regiões do planeta, não possui muitas alternativas de industrialização, o que vem colaborar ainda mais com essas perdas. A utilização da banana verde tem sido colocada como uma alternativa para minimizar esse problema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial vitamínico da banana, contribuindo para o melhor aproveitamento do fruto. Frutos das variedades Nanicão e Prata, cultivados em diferentes solos de pomares da Fazenda Taperão, no município de Brotas-SP, foram analisados desde o aparecimento do cacho no pé até sua senescência, com e sem indução do amadurecimento pós-colheita. A caracterização vitamínica foi feita por meio da determinação dos teores de vitaminas do complexo B (PP, BJ, B2, B6 e folatos), pró-vitamina A (b-caroteno) e vitamina C (ácido L-ascórbico (LAA) e ácido deidroascórbico (DHAA). Dois produtos foram produzidos utilizando-se da polpa de banana verde (pão e nhoque) e os teores de vitaminas destes alimentos também foram determinados, comparando-os com os encontrados em produtos similares de mercado (nhoque de batata e pão integral). Um teste sensorial foi aplicado a uma equipe de provadores não treinados verificando-se a aceitação destes alimentos. As frutas analisadas, no estádio verde, apresentaram, respectivamente para as variedades Nanicão e Prata, os seguintes teores médios de vitaminas: Bl - 0,57 e 0,84mg/l00g; B6 - 1,4 e 1,lmg/l00g; ácido fólico - 135 e 104mg/l00g; LAA - 17,6 e 20,2mg/l00g; DHAA - 6,1 e 5,8mg/l00g; e b-caroteno - 1073 e 441mg/l00g. Os teores de vitaminas nos frutos maduros também foram analisados obtendo-se os seguintes resultados médios para Nanicão e Prata, respectivamente: Bl - 0,63 e 1,08mg/l00g; B6 - 0,75 e 0,63mg/l00g; LAA - 12,4 e 19,2mg/l00g; DHAA - 3,6 e 4,5mg/l00g; e b-caroteno - 1682 e 1072mg/l00g. A vitamina B2 não foi encontrada em nenhuma amostra analisada. Os produtos feitos a base de polpa de banana verde apresentaram índices de vitaminas semelhantes aos produtos convencionais e aos da fruta in natura, exceto para as formas da vitamina C. Os testes de aceitação mostraram que existe uma tendência em aceitar os produtos, no entanto, algumas modificações devem ser feitas nas formulações aqui propostas. Os resultados indicam que, em termos do conteúdo vitamínico, há grande possibilidade da utilização _da polpa de banana verde para a obtenção de produtos com importante valor nutricional / Abstract: Brazil, the greatest world-wide producers of banana, is also one that most wastes this fruit. The banana, a food easily found in many regions of our planet, has few alternatives for industrialization, which collaborates even more with these losses. The use of the green banana has been considered as an alternative to minimize this problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the vitamin potential of the banana, contributing to a better exploitation of the fruit. Fruits of the varieties Nanicão and Prata, cultivated in different types of soil of the orchards of the Taperão Farm, in the town of Brotas - SP, were analyzed as from the appearance of the fruit through to senescence, with and without induction of the ripening post-harvest. The vitamin characterization carried out by determining the vitamin levels of the B complex (PP, B1, B2, B6 and folic acid), pro-vitamin A (p-carotene) and vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid (LAA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA». Two products were made (bread and nhoque) using unripe banana pulp and the vitamin contents of these foods were also determined, comparing with those found in similar products on the market (potatoes nhoque and integral bread). A sensory test was conducted, applied to a group of untrained panelists verifying the acceptance of these foods. The fruits analyzed, in the unripe stage, showed the following average vitamin contents for Nanicão and Prata respectively: Bl - 0.57 and 0.84mg/100g; B6 - 1.4 and 1.1mg/100g; folic acid - 135 and 104mg/100g; LAA - 17.6 and 20.2mg/100g; DHAA - 6.1 and 5.8mg/100g; e b-carotene 1073 and 441mg/100g. The vitamin levels in the mature fruits were also analyzed giving the following average results for Nanicão and Prata, respectively: Bl - 0.63 and 1.08mg1l00g; B6 - 0.75 and 0.63mg/100g; LAA - 12.4 and 19.2mg/100g; DHAA - 3.6 and 4.5mg/100g; and b -carotene - 1682 and 1 072mg/100g. The vitamin B2 was not found in samples analyzed. The products made from unripe banana pulp presented similar vitamin levels to the conventional products and to those of the fruit in natura, except for the various forms of vitamin C. The sensory acceptance tests showed a tendency to accept the products, although some modifications must be made in the formulas proposed here. The results indicate that, in terms of the vitamin content, there is considerable potencial for the use of green banana pulp to prepare products of thigh nutritional value / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, 1972. / "June 1972." Vita. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-56). / The functional properties (ease of cooking, thickening power, paste stability, etc.) of banana starch have been deduced by comparison of the cooking and cooling curves (obtained on the Brabender Amylograph) of banana, corn, tapioca, waxy maize and cross-bonded waxy maize starches. Banana starch has functional properties generally similar to cross-bonded waxy maize, except that banana starch pastes tend to cook more slowly and are much less resistant to breakdown under acid conditions. The -three banana starch samples examined were mixtures of small and large grains, plus some agglomerates. One sample was fractionated by a simple, air classification method. The smaller grains (25% of total by weight; 22 + 7 microns in the greatest dimension) and the larger grains 50%; 39 + 10 microns in the greatest dimension) had functional properties almost identical to that of the whole starch. The agglomerates (15%; clumps and fragments of wide size variation) had similar functional properties, but with reduced thickening power. About 10% of the starch was lost during classification. Banana "flour" (dried and finely ground, green banana pulp) contained 70%.starch and had functional properties remarkably similar to the isolated banana starch. This "flour" could possibly be substituted for isolated starch at considerable savings. Potential food uses for banana starch and banana "flour" are discussed, as well as the possible molecular basis for the unique properties of the banana starch. / by Eunice Marks Carson. / M.S.

Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-07T19:20:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-09-15. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-03-07T19:24:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000858932.pdf: 53565790 bytes, checksum: dba91b9079f6517b53181af993c96c7f (MD5) / A banana (Musa spp.) é uma das frutas mais cultivadas nos países de clima tropical e subtropical. O Brasil possui destaque no cenário mundial, contudo, o acúmulo de perdas na cadeia produtiva da banana é grande. Uma forma de reduzir essas perdas é utilizando a banana como fonte de amido e farinhas especiais. O amido varia em forma e funcionalidade entre e dentro de espécies botânicas e até mesmo em um mesmo cultivar sob diferentes condições de cultivo. Esta variabilidade fornece amidos com diversas propriedades. Nesta linha, este projeto objetivou comparar a polpa dos frutos verdes entre os genótipos de bananeiras, bem como as características físico-químicas de seus amidos. Cinco genótipos de bananeiras foram plantados na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel/UNESP e cultivados em delineamento sistematizado em parcelas subdivididas (dez plantas/parcela). Os cachos com os frutos verdes foram colhidos no primeiro ciclo de produção e manejados no laboratório de processamento do CERAT/UNESP para a obtenção dos amidos. Os frutos frescos foram analisados quanto aos teores de umidade, fósforo e amido. Visando à comparação das características dos amidos dos genótipos de bananeiras, estes foram analisados quanto à cristalinidade, distribuição de tamanho de grânulos, forma dos grânulos, composição centesimal, teores de fósforo, amilose aparente e amido resistente, propriedades de pasta, propriedades térmicas, poder de inchamento e solubilidade. A análise dos frutos revelou que os frutos verdes de banana 'Prata-Anã' possuem maior quantidade de matéria seca (41,95 %). O maior teor de amido dos frutos é pertencente ao genótipo 'Maçã'. O teor de fósforo do frutos não diferiu estatisticamente. A análise do tamanho dos grânulos de amido dos genótipos de banana evidenciou que estes são grandes (36,58 a 47,24 μm), ovalados, possuem padrão de cristalinidade tipo ... / Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most cultivated fruit in the countries of tropical and subtropical climate. Brazil has featured on the world stage, but the accumulation of losses in the production chain of banana is quite large. One way to reduce these losses is to use banana as a source of starch and special flours. The starch varies in form and function within and among plant species and even in the same cultivar under different growing conditions. This variability provides starches with diverse properties. In this line, this project aimed to compare the pulp of the green fruit from banana genotypes, as well as physico-chemical properties of starches. Five genotypes of banana were planted in the farm San Manuel/UNESP and cultured in systematic design in split plots (ten plants/plot). The clusters with green fruits were harvested in the first cycle of production and managed in the processing lab of CERAT/UNESP to obtain the starches. Fresh fruits were analyzed for moisture, phosphorus and starch. In order to compare the characteristics of starches of banana genotypes without phosphorus fertilization, these were analyzed for crystallinity, size distribution of granules, scanning electron microscopy, chemical composition, phosphorus content, apparent amylose, resistant starch, pasting and thermal properties, swelling power and solubility. The analysis reveals that the fruits of 'Prata-Anã' had a higher amount of dry matter (41.95 %). The greatest content of starch in fruit was observed in 'Maçã'. The content of phosphorus in fruit does not differed statistically. The granules of banana starches were large (36.58 to 47.24 microns), oval, had crystallinity standard type B and index of crystallinity with statistically similar values (31.94 % to 34.06 %). The results also showed that the native starches extracted from green bananas had phosphorus contents ranging from 0,003 % ('Grand Naine') ...

Orientador: Magali Leonel / Banca: Célia Maria Landi Franco / Banca: Adalton Mazetti Fernandes / Resumo: A banana (Musa spp.) é uma das frutas mais cultivadas nos países de clima tropical e subtropical. O Brasil possui destaque no cenário mundial, contudo, o acúmulo de perdas na cadeia produtiva da banana é grande. Uma forma de reduzir essas perdas é utilizando a banana como fonte de amido e farinhas especiais. O amido varia em forma e funcionalidade entre e dentro de espécies botânicas e até mesmo em um mesmo cultivar sob diferentes condições de cultivo. Esta variabilidade fornece amidos com diversas propriedades. Nesta linha, este projeto objetivou comparar a polpa dos frutos verdes entre os genótipos de bananeiras, bem como as características físico-químicas de seus amidos. Cinco genótipos de bananeiras foram plantados na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel/UNESP e cultivados em delineamento sistematizado em parcelas subdivididas (dez plantas/parcela). Os cachos com os frutos verdes foram colhidos no primeiro ciclo de produção e manejados no laboratório de processamento do CERAT/UNESP para a obtenção dos amidos. Os frutos frescos foram analisados quanto aos teores de umidade, fósforo e amido. Visando à comparação das características dos amidos dos genótipos de bananeiras, estes foram analisados quanto à cristalinidade, distribuição de tamanho de grânulos, forma dos grânulos, composição centesimal, teores de fósforo, amilose aparente e amido resistente, propriedades de pasta, propriedades térmicas, poder de inchamento e solubilidade. A análise dos frutos revelou que os frutos verdes de banana 'Prata-Anã' possuem maior quantidade de matéria seca (41,95 %). O maior teor de amido dos frutos é pertencente ao genótipo 'Maçã'. O teor de fósforo do frutos não diferiu estatisticamente. A análise do tamanho dos grânulos de amido dos genótipos de banana evidenciou que estes são grandes (36,58 a 47,24 μm), ovalados, possuem padrão de cristalinidade tipo ... / Abstract: Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most cultivated fruit in the countries of tropical and subtropical climate. Brazil has featured on the world stage, but the accumulation of losses in the production chain of banana is quite large. One way to reduce these losses is to use banana as a source of starch and special flours. The starch varies in form and function within and among plant species and even in the same cultivar under different growing conditions. This variability provides starches with diverse properties. In this line, this project aimed to compare the pulp of the green fruit from banana genotypes, as well as physico-chemical properties of starches. Five genotypes of banana were planted in the farm San Manuel/UNESP and cultured in systematic design in split plots (ten plants/plot). The clusters with green fruits were harvested in the first cycle of production and managed in the processing lab of CERAT/UNESP to obtain the starches. Fresh fruits were analyzed for moisture, phosphorus and starch. In order to compare the characteristics of starches of banana genotypes without phosphorus fertilization, these were analyzed for crystallinity, size distribution of granules, scanning electron microscopy, chemical composition, phosphorus content, apparent amylose, resistant starch, pasting and thermal properties, swelling power and solubility. The analysis reveals that the fruits of 'Prata-Anã' had a higher amount of dry matter (41.95 %). The greatest content of starch in fruit was observed in 'Maçã'. The content of phosphorus in fruit does not differed statistically. The granules of banana starches were large (36.58 to 47.24 microns), oval, had crystallinity standard type B and index of crystallinity with statistically similar values (31.94 % to 34.06 %). The results also showed that the native starches extracted from green bananas had phosphorus contents ranging from 0,003 % ('Grand Naine') ... / Mestre

Thesis (PhD (Viticulture and Oenology. Wine Biotechnology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / Although bananas are widely grown worldwide in many tropical and a few subtropical countries, banana beverages are still among the fruit beverages processed by use of rudimentary methods such as the use of feet or/and spear grass to extract juice. Because banana juice and beer remained on a home made basis, there is a research drive to come up with modern technologies to more effectively process bananas and to make acceptable banana juices and wines. One of the main hindrances in the production of highly desirable beverages is the pectinaceous nature of the banana fruit, which makes juice extraction and clarification very difficult. Commercial enzyme applications seem to be the major way forward in solving processing problems in order to improve banana juice and wine quality. The particular pectinolytic enzymes that were selected for this study are Rapidase CB, Rapidase TF, Rapidase X-press and OE-Lallzyme. In addition this study, investigate the applicability of recombinant yeast strains with pectinolytic, xylanolytic, glucanolytic and amylolytic activities in degrading the banana polysaccharides (pectin, xylan, glucan starch) for juice and wine extraction and product clarification. The overall objective of this research was to improve banana juice and wine by enzymatic processing techniques and to improve alcoholic fermentation and to produce limpid and shelf-stable products of clarified juice and wine. The focus was on applying the selected commercial enzyme preparations specifically for the production of better clarified banana juice and wine. This is because the turbid banana juice and beer, which contain suspended solids that are characterised by a very intense banana flavour, require a holistic approach to address challenges and opportunities in order to process pure banana beverages with desirable organoleptic qualities. The specific objectives of applying commercial enzymes in the processing of banana juice and wine, comparing with grape winemaking practices, use of recombinant yeast and analyses of various parameters in the juices and wines made have enabled generation of information that could be of help to prospective banana juice and wine processors. The research findings obtained could be used to establish a pilot plant or small-scale industry in the banana processing beverages producing large quantities,and finally the overall objective of obtaining limpid and shelf stable products would be achieved.