The final thesis follows the effort of the European Union to transfer responsibility for issues in the banking sector from taxpayers to its shareholders and creditors. It adopts many new tools and measures. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the banking union project, which unifies the supervision and procedures for solving the crisis at the European level. Emphasis is placed on the newly adopted Single resolution mechanism. Since the adopted legislation does not apply exclusively to the Eurozone countries the second part of the thesis analyses the implementation of the BRRD into Czech law, and the related amendments concerning the Czech banking sector. The aim of the thesis is to analyse the crisis resolving procedure, which is specified in the third chapter on the example of a fictitious bank. The example monitors tools and measures that can be used in various life stages of a bank. It is mainly based on the rules laid down in BRRD and the Czech legislation ZOPRK.

This work deals with the supervision structure of the EU financial market. The current supervisory framework is the result of recent reforms adopted in response to the global financial crisis. However it seems that it is not able to satisfy all the requirements stemming not only from highly integrated EU financial market environment, but also from the functioning of the single currency and common monetary policy. Therefore the European Commission presented a proposal for the creation of a banking union - single banking supervisor for eurozone countries. It is a solution that could solve many problems of the current system, however it may carry certain risks involved especially in the setting of different conditions between EU countries and between different sectors of the financial market. In the long run, therefore, the European Supervisory System along the lines of the European System of Central Banks would present the most appropriate model for the EU financial market, which should, compare to the banking union, be applied to all sectors and all Member States. Its implementation should, however, be preceded by a consolidation of the economic situation and the harmonization of certain related issues, the functioning of which can significantly affect the whole system.

Cette thèse est destinée à démontrer l’existence d’un principe de solidarité dans le cadre de l’Union bancaire européenne (UBE). Ce travail est divisé en trois chapitres. Le premier chapitre vise à retracer les différentes nuances qui caractérisent la sémantique du mot ‘solidarité’. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré à l’évaluation des dispositions des traités qui se réfèrent à la notion de solidarité. Le troisième chapitre analyse la façon dont le principe de solidarité est développé dans l’UBE. En conclusion, la thèse tente de prouver que dans ce nouveau cadre juridique européen, la « règle » continue d’être la non-solidarité; en revanche, l’ « exception » continue d’être la solidarité, comme cela a été confirmé par les nouveaux outils, qui pourraient être déclenchées par l’autorité compétente uniquement en présence de difficultés sérieuses dans le secteur bancaire. / The thesis is intended to demonstrate the existence of a principle of solidarity in the European Banking Union (EBU). This work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter aims to retraces which are the various nuances that characterize the semantics of the word ‘solidarity’. The second chapter is devoted to the assessment of the provisions of the Treaties which refer to the concept of solidarity. The third chapter analyses how it is declined the principle of solidarity in the EBU, which has introduced innovative methods to manage the resolution of the banks in distress. In conclusion, the thesis tries to prove that also in this renewed EU legal framework, the ‘rule’ continues to be the non-solidarity; by contrast, the ‘exception’ continues to be the solidarity as confirmed by the new tools, which could be activated by the competent authority only in presence of serious difficulties in the banking sector.

Cette recherche prend pour objet l’Union bancaire, à savoir la principale réforme des institutions de l’Union européenne souhaitée par les chefs d’État et de gouvernement en réponse à la crise financière de 2008. La réforme confie notamment à la Banque centrale européenne la charge de superviser les banques de la zone euro à partir de novembre 2014. À la croisée d’une sociologie de la finance en discussion avec une sociologie des sciences et des techniques, et d’une sociologie politique attentive aux instruments d’action publique, la thèse propose d’analyser les nouvelles pratiques de supervision comme un problème de gouvernement au sens de Michel Foucault. Elle décrit ainsi l’Union bancaire comme un agencement institutionnel, à savoir un assemblage d’acteurs, de pratiques de vérification et de dispositifs de contrôle, au sein duquel s’invente une forme inédite d’intervention. Cet agencement produit une expertise européenne centralisée sur un territoire de gouvernement. Sur celui-ci, la problématisation de la bonne conduite des établissements vise à garantir un devenir pérenne des actifs des investisseurs, sans agir de façon dirigiste sur les flux financiers. Les autorités de supervision des États prenant part à l’agencement sont en charge de relayer les décisions collectivement actées à Francfort sur leurs banques considérées comme nationales. La thèse contribue aux débats académiques contemporains relatifs à la finance et à la construction européenne, en rendant visibles par l’enquête les effets d’une action publique tournée vers le problème de la gestion de l’investissement en Europe. Elle permet notamment de saisir la recomposition des souverainetés étatiques en matière de politique bancaire qui, loin de s’effacer, jouent un rôle décisif dans la constitution du territoire étudié. Les développements sont élaborés à partir d’une enquête qualitative, incluant une ethnographie de l’Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution (ACPR), une campagne d’entretiens et une analyse documentaire. / This research is focused on the Banking Union, the main reform of the European Union's institutions called for by the Heads of State and Government in response to the 2008 financial crisis. This reform entrusts the European Central Bank in particular with the task of supervising banks in the euro zone from November 2014. At the crossroads of a sociology of finance in discussion with a sociology of science and technology studies, and a political sociology, the thesis proposes to analyse new supervisory practices as a problem of government in the sense defined by Michel Foucault. The Banking Union is portrayed as an institutional arrangement, namely an assemblage of actors, auditing practices and control devices, at the heart of which a new form of intervention is invented. The purpose of this arrangement is to produce a centralized European expertise on a developing territory of government. In this territory, the problematization of good banking conduct aims at ensuring a sustainable future for investors' assets without acting on the financial flows in a constraining way. The supervisory authorities of the states involved in the arrangement are now in charge of applying the decisions made collectively in Frankfurt about banks still considered as national. Through this inquiry, the thesis contributes to contemporary debates on finance and on the European construction by enlightening the effects of public policies geared towards the issue of investment management in Europe. It especially improves our understanding of the reshaping of national sovereignties in banking policies, and shows that far from disappearing, those play a decisive role in the constitution of the territory studied. Developments are based on a qualitative inquiry, including an ethnography of the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution (ACPR), an interview campaign and a documentary analysis.

The thesis studies the impact of European banking regulatory reforms on the stability of Central and Eastern European countries after the financial crisis with the annual data from Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia from 2009 to 2019. The thesis reaches several conclusions. Firstly, increasing minimum Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio through CRR/CRD IV did not significantly promote the bank stability in sample countries. However, total capital adequacy ratio is found to have positive and significant association with overall insolvency risk. Secondly, relaxing restrictions would have negative impact on bank stability measured by bank z-score. Thirdly, countries that are more open on the regulation may have more stable banks, while tighter entry restrictions boost bank fragility. Fourthly, when only taking deposit insurance variables as explanatory variables, increasing the level of deposit insurance coverage may dampen the bank stability. However, when controlling other regulation and supervision indexes, the results do not show any significant effect of deposit insurance scheme on bank z-score. Lastly, the supervisory variables are not significantly associated with bank stability in sample countries.

La tesi indaga la logica dell'integrazione europea prendendo in esame il caso dell'Unione Bancaria. Due sono gli argomenti che vengono sostenuti. Il primo é che l'Unione Bancaria é la soluzione imperfetta ad uno spillover funzionale che emerge dalla moneta unica. Il secondo é che l'integrazione europea é un processo di centralizzazione duale i cui fuochi sono le istituzioni sovranazionali e gli stati più potenti. / The dissertation inquiries into the logic of European integration by employing the newly established Banking Union as a case study. Two arguments are developed. First, the Banking Union is the imperfect solution to a functional spillover emerging from the common currency. Second, European integration is best understood as a process of centralisation around supranational institutions and powerful states.

This thesis deals with the project of the banking union of EU. The theoretical part contains an integrated description of this significant project, for example a reason of the formation, the explanation of all components and the legislation that is related to the banking union. The practical part analyses the real impacts of the banking union on the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the eventual impacts on Czech Republic, in case it decides to join the banking union.

The thesis discusses the supervision and regulation of the financial sector in the European Union with a particular focus on the banking market . The aim is to answer the research question , what are the main reasons for the introduction of the banking union in the European Union and what this concept means in practice for the Member States . The first chapter presents general reasons of financial market regulation and puts them into the context of the transformation of a European framework for financial supervision. The second part delas with the central theme of this work , a banking union as an important milestone in the process of european economic and political integration. It explains the factors leading to increased attention devoted to the regulation of banking market. The last chapter provides an analysis of the impact on the Member States of the European Union. Basic consequences arising from the introduction of banking union are analyzed on the case of the Czech Republic. The conclusion brings in attention the factors that are currently on the reform of European banking regulation most emphasized.

Ideal Crisis Management Mechanism for Credit Institutions and Investment Firms in the European Union Abstract: The 2007-8 financial crisis brought about the most severe economic contraction since the Great Depression. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic were taken aback and soon realized that they had no tools to deal with distressed banks and other financial services firms, failure of which could undermine financial stability not only within individual states, but also on a global scale. As a result, central banks of in particular the United States and the Eurozone became the most important actors in the fight against the unfolding crisis and de facto the only "governmental agencies" capable of swift and decisive measures. Their timely and vigorous reaction most likely warded off the collapse of the global financial system, though it was not without controversies. These controversies are analyzed in this dissertation in order to find out what role should central bank have during financial crisis. Governments followed central banks with massive bank bailouts. In many countries, governments went beyond liquidity provision and nationalized their banks, which threatened their own solvency. Although the global financial system has been largely restored in the last decade, it has been achieved at huge...

The goal of my thesis on Supervision over the banking industry in the EU member states is to describe critically and to define newly engendering concept of the banking union. It is a very actual topic because the effective mechanism creation, which should solve problems of the European banking sector, is currently one of the primary goals of the European Union. The study is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is the theoretical one. The definition and differentiation of the essential terms such as supervision and surveillance can be found there. Further the basic theoretical modules can be found there, from which it is possible to stem during the banking supervision implementation in practice. The second and the third chapters are the analytical parts. The introduction of the second chapter glances at the backgrounds of the legislative proposals acceptance in this area. Afterwards the chapter is already focused on four pillars of the proposed Banking union. The first pillar is formed with so called "single rule book", thus the uniform regulatory rules that are the implementation of the requirements expressed in so called Basel III. In this part of the study there is outlined why it is not quite happy at present to burden the credit institutions in the European Union even more through...