Some comparative studies of Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas put emphasis on the similarities between Aristotelian and Thomistic metaphysics. In this study, however, I have attempted to show a salient difference; a respect in which Thomas's system cannot accommodate certain Aristotelian tenets. I have argued that, although Thomas tries to incorporate Aristotle's account of intellection, he cannot consistently do so. For an integration of this sort entails that the created intellect is identical with God when it contemplates him. This, however, is a conclusion that would rightly be rejected as metaphysically implausible in Thomas's system. Aristotle's view of intellection entails that the intellect is identical with whatever it contemplates when that object possesses no matter. For, intellection, which is itself immaterial, assumes the form of whatever it contemplates, and furthermore, matter is what individuates distinct entities that share the same form. If all this is so, then the human intellect becomes identical with Aristotle's god when it contemplates him. In Aristotle's system, this would not present any problems, for a very interesting reason: Aristotle, on an interpretation of his thought that seems textually plausible, teaches that part of the human mind is identical with divine intellect, or nous; that this part is "implanted" in the human being "from outside" and is the most divine part?and so, part of the human being can rightly be said to be eternal.1 Thomas, however, in accordance with Christian doctrine, holds that the human intellect has its own created identity, and differs numerically from person to person. But Thomas's adoption of prominent theses from Aristotle's account of intellection unfortunately entails that the human intellect, in contemplatio, becomes identical with God, since God is immaterial and identical with his essence. After looking at some possible solutions, I argue that this is not a desirable outcome in Thomas's Christian metaphysic, for several good reasons.

The present study affirms that Jack Kerouac's individual narratives of his Duluoz Legend, as contained in thirteen of his key novels, serve as episodic chapters in which the archetypal hero voyages on a quest through beatific discoveries toward a final self-discovery, a beatific vision.The first two chapters of the present study examine the archetypal relationship between the Beat novel and. beatific vision, studying this vision under four of its root-aspects: American transcendentalism, Catholic apocalyptic writing, Dionysian fulfillment, and Buddhistic unconsciousness. Chapters three, four and five turn from the philosophical patterns of the Duluoz Legend to the more specific plot patterns of these thirteen novels, an archetypal quest pattern which is simultaneously a lament for a lost Eden, an initiation rite, and a monomyth, the single pattern of the journey quest which underlies all myth.The final seven chapters develop the beatific aesthetic as it patterns the Duluoz Legend through the key novels of Kerouac in specific terms of myth and archetype. Chapter six examines the first stage of development, the world child, as embodied in Visions of Gerard (1922-1926), in which the memory of the life of the dead child Gerard, saintly and unspotted and wholly innocent, touches his narrator-brother, Jack Duluoz, the protagonist of the Duluoz Legend, who is beginning a new spiritual life, a new quest. The second (adolescent) stage of initiation, is presented in chapter seven as embodied in Dr. Sax (1930-1936), in which Jack Duluoz moves from eight to fourteen years of age, living in a world of imagination and fears, mixing fantasy and reality, finally unmasking the shadow of himself. Chapter eight considers two novels which deal with the third stage of the archetypal quest, where the protagonist rejects worldly power (flesh, knowledge, action) and makes a crucial discovery of the unknown within the self: Maggie Cassidy, Springtime Mary (1938-1939) and Vanity of Duluoz (1939-1946). Chapter nine examines the Kerouac novels which cover the scape-goat figure of Cody-Dean (Neal) and the resultant auest: events covered horizontally in On the Road (1946-1950) and vertically in Visions of Cody (1944-1952). The realization--that the American dream represented by Dean (teal) can have no validity in the present-brings Duluoz to his fifth period, his descent into hell, the night journey of his soul. Chapter ten analyzes the two Kerouac novels which trace the progress of this night journey: The Subterraneans (1953) and Tristessa (1955-1956). Having returned from hell, shaken and alone, the questing hero is then ready to ascend the mountain to achieve a union with the cycle of nature, in which the narrator withdraws within himself to discover a divinity there and emerge a more self-confident teacher, a Shaman. Chapter eleven treats Kerouac's two novels which explore this union of the individual with the cycle of nature: The Dharma Bums (1955-1956) and Desolation Angels (1956-1957). It is from an anticlimatic mood which follows the descent from the mountain that the quester moves into his final phase, the ultimate discovery of the unknown. Chapter twelve of the present study examines the three Kerouac novels which deal with this theme: Big Sur (1960), Satori in Paris (1965) and Vanity of Duluoz (1968).Chapter thirteen examines the vision for which the protagonist searches cyclically in these thirteen novels: ultimately, ironically, emptiness, the Void at the core of existence, the empty eye of God in which all dualities are resolved into nothingness. The dual recognition and recording of life energy in the moment--the sustaining of the monomyth-is all that remains of man's efforts to form his own art of life.

Thesis (Ph. L.)--Catholic University of America, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-70).

Thesis (Ph. L.)--Catholic University of America, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-70).

Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2018-07-19T14:32:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 danilo_ferreira_silva.pdf: 663499 bytes, checksum: ffa58f30968e9d1f2e86fa5fa2c70899 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T14:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 danilo_ferreira_silva.pdf: 663499 bytes, checksum: ffa58f30968e9d1f2e86fa5fa2c70899 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-12 / The present work aims to analyze how in Karl Rahner the natural-supernatural problematic is approached. For this, it starts from an analysis of the problematic in the History of Theology, from the Middle Ages, when an issue is put explicitly, until a Contemporary Age, when a problematic resurface of the publications of De Lubac. Rahner assumes a problematic as a central theme in his theological elaborations. Concepts such as "rest" (referring to pure nature), "supernatural existential", "selfcommunication", among others, are Rahnerian concepts formulated without context of the natural-supernatural problematic. Thus, a study of this problematic in Rahner allows an overview of the author's reference work. What is the question of the relation man- God, natural-supernatural, profane history-history of salvation, etc. By Rahner served as a contribution to a theology of liberation in its elaborations, which are made from overcoming the dualism between salvation History. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como Karl Rahner aborda a problemática natural-sobrenatural. Para isso, parte-se de uma análise da problemática na história da teologia, sobretudo partir da Idade Média, quando a questão é posta de modo explícita, até a Idade Contemporânea, quando a problemática ressurge devido às publicações de De Lubac. Rahner assume a problemática como um tema central em suas elaborações teológicas. Conceitos como “resto” (referido à natureza pura), “existencial sobrenatural”, “autocomunicação”, entre outros, são conceitos rahnerianos formulados no contexto da problemática natural-sobrenatural. Assim, a análise dessa problemática em Rahner permite uma visão de conjunto da obra do referido autor. O trato do problema da relação homem-Deus, natural-sobrenatural, história profana-história da salvação, etc. por Rahner serviu de aporte para a teologia da libertação em suas elaborações, que são feitas já a partir da superação do dualismo entre salvação e história.

Cette thèse porte sur la pertinence du concept historiographique d’ « antithomisme » appliqué à l’histoire intellectuelle de la fin du XIIIe siècle et du début du XIV. Elle se compose d’une première partie sur le contexte historique de la période 1274-1323 et sur l’émergence de débats dans de nombreux centres intellectuels consacrés à l’héritage de la doctrine de Thomas d'Aquin. Elle s’attache pour cela à mettre en avant les différentes discussions qui apparaissent lors de la première réception des œuvres de Thomas d'Aquin : censures, polémiques entre dominicains et franciscains, apparition de législation sur la lecture des ses œuvres, etc. Le travail se poursuit, dans une seconde partie, avec l’étude plus approfondie de deux auteurs de la fin du XIIIe siècle ayant été qualifiés d’ « antithomistes » par l’historiographie contemporaine : Roger Marston, OFM, et Dietrich de Freiberg, OP. Leur rejet de la noétique thomasienne est ici étudié dans son aspect doctrinal et textuel. / The purpose of this PhD is to examine the accuracy of the concept of « antithomism » when applied to late XIIIth and early XIV th intellectual history. I firstly adress the historical context, from 1274 to 1324, and the arguments involving the theaching of Aquinas in various intellectual domains. In doing so I underline the various debates that occur about how to understand Aquinas(work looking specifically at censorship, the controversies between Franciscans and Dominicans and first rules about the various readings of Aquinas’works. The second part goes into further depth about the work of two scholars of the late XIIIthe century, who have been frequently labelled « antithomists » in today’s historiography : Roger Marston, OFM, and Dietrich of Freiberg, OP. I intend to examine how they refuse Thomas’noetic, from both a doctrinal and textual point of view.