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This study aimed to confirm that social participation may influence empowerment as one ofthe four components explained by the theory. The hypothesis proposes systemic interaction of two components of empowerment: intrapersonal and behavioral. 113 urban residents participated in the study. The hypotheses were tested through the use of structural modeling. An intrapersonal component of empowerment, composed of positive empowerment, negative empowerment and socio-political control was identified. This component was affected by the behavioral component that involves social organization, community action and decision making. The hypothesis is accepted and the study provides empirical support to the theory. / Se busca confirmar que la participación social puede influir en el empoderamiento comouno de sus cuatro componentes. La hipótesis propone la interacción sistémica de dos componentes del empoderamiento: intrapersonal y comportamental. Los participantes fueron 113 habitantes urbanos a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta. Los resultados evidencian que el modelamiento estructural identificó un componente intrapersonal del empoderamiento integrado por empoderamiento positivo, empoderamiento negativo y control sociopolítico. Este componente se muestra afectado por el componente de comportamiento conformado por la organización social, las acciones comunitarias y la toma de decisiones. Se acepta la hipótesis y se proporciona sustento empírico a la teoría.

Background: In today's society, the rapid growth of online shopping among consumers has resulted in the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence powered chatbots by businesses. Despite this, previous research has not focused on where customers place their attitudes towards AI-powered chatbots in e-commerce. The ABC model of attitudes, which includes affective, behavioral, and cognitive components was used to examine how attitudes are formed towards AI-powered chatbots. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore consumers' attitudes towards AI-powered chatbots utilized in e-commerce. Methodology: Because the study has an exploratory and inductive approach, a qualitative research strategy was selected. It was determined to use a generic purposive sampling in which ten participants were chosen as part of Generation Z. A semi-structured interview was conducted in which questions were posed regarding the ABC model and the characteristics of AI-powered chatbots. To analyze how attitudes are formed and what they are, grounded theory was used to code the interviews to established consumer attitudes categories. Findings: The findings demonstrate that consumers' attitudes towards AI-powered chatbots used in e-commerce varied from being positive, negative, or mixed. This is due to the factors that contributed to the formation of attitudes.