<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumers’ behaviours towards the</p><p>distributors’ brands. The aim was to find out what were the most important criteria of the</p><p>marketing mix for a consumer in his buying process that make him choose between a</p><p>distributor’s brand and a leader’s brand.</p><p>In order to achieve that, a theoretical framework has been established about the distributors’</p><p>brands, their different types, their management compared to the one of the leaders’ brands,</p><p>then about the consumers, their relation towards the distributors’ brands, their personal</p><p>implication in the brand, and their role, and also the theory of the marketing mix has been</p><p>exposed.</p><p>A quantitative research was applied. The questionnaire focused on every customer leaving,</p><p>after purchases, from Carrefour and Casino in Montpellier. All economic and social status and</p><p>lifestyles were interesting to study.</p><p>12 questions were asked to each customer, and 100 of them fully answered.</p><p>The results of the study were that the price still is the most important criterion for the</p><p>consumers in their buying decisions. The attractive price is the reason.</p><p>But it was discovered that the quality became a real significant element for the consumers.</p><p>The principal conclusion was that consumers still didn’t trust enough the products from the</p><p>distributors’ brands, and that the price wasn’t anymore the only criterion to take into account.</p><p>It was suggested that the distributors’ brands could reinforce their performances if they give</p><p>more priority to the quality.</p>

<p>Organisations are different from each other due to a myriad of factors. One of them is motive. Organizations fundamentally operate under two premises: first is to make profits and the second is to provide social services without an explicit intend to make profits. This study mainly focuses on these organisations and explores the compatible leadership behaviours in these organisations. In other words, what different leadership behaviours prevail in these organisations? Major studies in the field related to profit and non-profit organisations are discussed in a comparative way, from leadership, organisational, and employees’ point of views. Moreover, leadership approaches such as situational and major behavioural patterns are discussed in order to have a broader understanding of the topic.</p>

Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2006.

Personalnedskärningar är ett resultat av det pågående oroliga arbetsmarknadsläget. Flera aktörer jobbar idag med servicetjänsten omställning vilket är en hjälp för arbetsgivare att hantera nedskärningar och övertalighet genom att få uppsagda medarbetare att komma vidare i ny sysselsättning. Trots en lågkonjunktur har omställningsarbetet visat på uppnådda lyckade resultat. Studien undersöker och sammanställer individers upplevelse av att genomgå ett omställningsprogram samt undersöker vilka faktorer som har betydelse för individers hantering av stressen i denna påfrestande arbetslivsrelaterad förändring. Tillämpningen av problemfokuserad coping undersöktes bland 71 deltagare som genomgått omställning i antingen kommunal eller privat sektor. Resultatet visade att deltagarna tillämpade problemfokuserad coping i relativt lika stor utsträckning oavsett yrkessektor. För den privata sektorn framstod slutligen ålder som mest betydelsefull copingprediktor, medan utbildningsnivå och selfefficacy hade störst betydelse för copingen bland deltagarna från kommunal sektor. Studien ger upphov till tankar om copingens roll i omställningsprocessen samt motiverar fortsatt forskning inom detta spännande arbetslivsområde

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumers’ behaviours towards the distributors’ brands. The aim was to find out what were the most important criteria of the marketing mix for a consumer in his buying process that make him choose between a distributor’s brand and a leader’s brand. In order to achieve that, a theoretical framework has been established about the distributors’ brands, their different types, their management compared to the one of the leaders’ brands, then about the consumers, their relation towards the distributors’ brands, their personal implication in the brand, and their role, and also the theory of the marketing mix has been exposed. A quantitative research was applied. The questionnaire focused on every customer leaving, after purchases, from Carrefour and Casino in Montpellier. All economic and social status and lifestyles were interesting to study. 12 questions were asked to each customer, and 100 of them fully answered. The results of the study were that the price still is the most important criterion for the consumers in their buying decisions. The attractive price is the reason. But it was discovered that the quality became a real significant element for the consumers. The principal conclusion was that consumers still didn’t trust enough the products from the distributors’ brands, and that the price wasn’t anymore the only criterion to take into account. It was suggested that the distributors’ brands could reinforce their performances if they give more priority to the quality.

Contemporary cognitive theories argue that socially anxious individuals adopt self-protective behavioural strategies under conditions of perceived social threat in order to prevent or diminish the likelihood of negative social outcomes. When performed in an anxiety-provoking but otherwise innocuous situation, however, safety behaviours are posited to facilitate biased processing of threat-relevant information, disrupt behavioural performance, elicit negative social responses, and ultimately prevent disconfirmation of fear-relevant beliefs. This dissertation project was designed to evaluate the effects of safety behaviour reduction strategies on a number of the core processes relevant to the persistence of pathological social fear. Two studies were conducted to address the following issues: Do safety behaviour reduction strategies influence socially anxious individuals’ (1) self- and social-judgments, (2) social performance, (3) the interpersonal reactions of oneself and others, and (4) appraisals of future social events. In study 1, in vivo safety behaviours were manipulated in a sample of 50 socially anxious students during a laboratory social interaction. Participants were randomly assigned to either a safety behaviour reduction (SB, n = 25) or exposure alone (control, n = 25) condition, and subsequently took part in two conversations with a trained experimental assistant. Results revealed that participants in the SB group displayed more accurate self-judgments of anxiety-related behaviour, improved social performance, and evoked more positive partner reactions. Study 2 was designed to replicate and extend the findings of study 1 in a sample of 80 patients seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Following a baseline conversation, participants were randomly assigned to the graduated exposure (GE, n = 40) or safety behaviour reduction condition (SB, n = 40). Consistent with the findings of study 1, the SB group displayed more accurate self-judgments about visible displays of anxiety, more effective social behaviour, and were better liked by their interaction partner relative to GE participants. Moreover, relative to controls, participants in the SB group made less negative judgments about the likelihood of previously identified feared outcomes pertaining to future social events. Implications of the present findings for elucidating the role of safety behaviours in the maintenance of SAD, and its treatment outcome will be considered.

Organisations are different from each other due to a myriad of factors. One of them is motive. Organizations fundamentally operate under two premises: first is to make profits and the second is to provide social services without an explicit intend to make profits. This study mainly focuses on these organisations and explores the compatible leadership behaviours in these organisations. In other words, what different leadership behaviours prevail in these organisations? Major studies in the field related to profit and non-profit organisations are discussed in a comparative way, from leadership, organisational, and employees’ point of views. Moreover, leadership approaches such as situational and major behavioural patterns are discussed in order to have a broader understanding of the topic.

No description available.

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and eating disorder behaviours (EDB) may share a similar emotion dysregulation mechanism. This study examined the relations between repeated rumination episodes and emotions in NSSI and EDB within the context of the Emotional Cascades Model (Selby, Anestis, & Joiner, 2008), which suggests that ruminating on negative events increases the intensity of negative emotion; negative emotion prompts continued rumination, which further increases the intensity of the negative emotion. Individuals with a history of NSSI and/or EDB reported higher levels of negative emotions and lower levels of positive emotions, relative to individuals without a history of these behaviours. Similarly, a history of NSSI was associated with greater initial increases in negative emotions, and a history of EDB was associated with greater initial decreases in positive emotions, following rumination. While these results support the presence of emotion dysregulation in NSSI and EDBs, it only partially supports the emotional cascades model. / CIHR graduate award helped to fund this research.