Bioactive glasses exhibit unique characteristics as a material for bone tissue engineering. Unfortunately, their extensive application for the repair of load-bearing bone defects is still limited by low mechanical strength and fracture toughness. The main aim of this work was two-fold: the reinforcement of brittle Bioglass®-based porous scaffolds and the production of bulk Bioglass® samples exhibiting enhanced mechanical properties. For the first task, scaffolds were coated by composite coating constituted by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). The addition of PVA/MFC coating led to a 10 fold increase of compressive strength and a 20 fold increase of tensile strength in comparison with non-coated scaffolds. SEM observations of broken struts surfaces proved the reinforcing and toughening mechanism of the composite coating which was ascribed to crack bridging and fracture of cellulose fibrils. The mechanical properties of the coating material were investigated by tensile testing of PVA/MFC stand–alone specimens. The stirring time of the PVA/MFC solution came out as a crucial parameter in order to achieve a more homogeneous dispersion of the fibres and consequently enhanced strength and stiffness. Numerical simulation of a PVA coated Bioglass® strut revealed the infiltration depth of the coating until the crack tip as the most effective criterion for the struts strengthening. Contact angle and linear viscosity measurements of PVA/MFC solutions showed that MFC causes a reduction in contact angle and a drastic increase in viscosity, indicating that a balance between these opposing effects must be achieved. Concerning the production of bulk samples, conventional furnace and spark plasma sintering technique was used. Spark plasma sintering performed without the assistance of mechanical pressure and at heating rates ranging from 100 to 300°C /min led to a material having density close to theoretical one and fracture toughness nearly 4 times higher in comparison with conventional sintering. Fractographic analysis revealed the crack deflection as the main toughening mechanisms acting in the bulk Bioglass®. Time–dependent crack healing process was also observed. The further investigation on the non-equilibrium phases crystallized is required. All obtained results are discussed in detail and general recommendations for scaffolds with enhanced mechanical resistance are served.

Materiais vítreos e vitrocerâmicos bioativos podem ser usados particulados ou como scaffolds em diferentes tratamentos de defeitos ósseos. Tratamentos térmicos que possibilitam o desenvolvimento de scaffolds a partir de composições de vidros bioativos introduzem fases cristalinas em sua estrutura amorfa com potencial impacto na bioatividade e biocompatibilidade do material. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, qualitativa e quantitativamente, o desenvolvimento do fenótipo osteogênico de culturas de células osteoblásticas sobre substratos vítreos e vitrocerâmicos bioativos. Células MC3T3-E1 foram cultivadas em condições osteogênicas por períodos de até 21 dias sobre superfícies de Bioglass® 45S5, de duas preparações de vitrocerâmica bioativa e altamente cristalina, Biosilicato® e Biosilicato® para scaffold, e de borosilicato (vidro bioinerte). Foram avaliados, nos períodos de 7, 12 e 21 dias, morfologia celular, formação de matriz mineralizada e expressão de genes relacionados à osteogênese. Os resultados mostraram confluência das culturas sobre as superfícies de vidros e vitrocerâmicas, com progressiva formação de multicamadas celulares. A quantificação de vermelho de Alizarina revelou aumento de mineralização para culturas sobre materiais bioativos, com os maiores valores para Biosilicato® para scaffold. Expressão diferencial de genes foi observada nos 3 períodos de culturas sobre os materiais vítreo e vitrocerâmicos bioativos em comparação ao vidro bioinerte e sobre as vitrocerâmicas em comparação ao vidro bioativo. Os resultados permitem concluir que modificações em aspectos químicos de materiais vítreos e vitrocerâmicos, com efeitos sobre sua bioatividade, resultam em alteração do potencial osteogênico e do perfil de expressão gênica de células osteoblásticas in vitro. A maior atividade osteogênica sobre o Biosilicato® para scaffold permite considerar esse material um potencial candidato para aplicações em defeitos ósseos. / Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics have been used as bone substitutes in either particulate or scaffold forms. Various thermal treatments that allow the development of scaffolds from bioactive glasses may create varied proportions of new crystalline phases in the amorphous phase with a potential impact on the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the material. The aim of the present in vitro study was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the development of the osteogenic phenotype in osteoblastic cell cultures grown on bioactive glass and glass-ceramic surfaces. MC3T3-E1 cells, subclone 14, were cultured under an osteogenic condition for periods of up to 21 days on the following disc surfaces: Bioglass® 45S5 (bioactive glass), Biosilicate® (bioactive glass-ceramic), Biosilicate® as the material for scaffold preparation (Bio-sc, bioactive glass-ceramic), and borosilicate (bioinert glass). At days 7, 12, and 21 post-plating, cell morphology, mineralized matrix formation and the expression profile of genes associated with osteogenesis were evaluated. Epifluorescence of actin cytoskeleton and DAPI DNA stain revealed confluent cell cultures at day 7 for all groups, with progressive cell multilayering formation. The quantitative analysis of Alizarin red-stained cultures at day 21 revealed significantly enhanced mineralization in cultures grown on bioactive materials compared with the ones on borosilicate and the highest absorbance intensities for the Bio-sc group. Differential gene expression profiles were detected at the three time points evaluated in cultures grown on the bioactive materials in comparison with borosilicate, and on the glass-ceramics in comparison with Bioglass® 45S5. From the results presented, it can be concluded that changes in chemical characteristics of glass and glass-ceramic that may have an impact on their bioactivity index can affect the osteogenic potential and the gene expression profile of osteoblastic cells in vitro. The highest osteogenic activity on Bio-sc renders this material a good candidate for bone defect applications.

Materiais vítreos e vitrocerâmicos bioativos podem ser usados particulados ou como scaffolds em diferentes tratamentos de defeitos ósseos. Tratamentos térmicos que possibilitam o desenvolvimento de scaffolds a partir de composições de vidros bioativos introduzem fases cristalinas em sua estrutura amorfa com potencial impacto na bioatividade e biocompatibilidade do material. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, qualitativa e quantitativamente, o desenvolvimento do fenótipo osteogênico de culturas de células osteoblásticas sobre substratos vítreos e vitrocerâmicos bioativos. Células MC3T3-E1 foram cultivadas em condições osteogênicas por períodos de até 21 dias sobre superfícies de Bioglass® 45S5, de duas preparações de vitrocerâmica bioativa e altamente cristalina, Biosilicato® e Biosilicato® para scaffold, e de borosilicato (vidro bioinerte). Foram avaliados, nos períodos de 7, 12 e 21 dias, morfologia celular, formação de matriz mineralizada e expressão de genes relacionados à osteogênese. Os resultados mostraram confluência das culturas sobre as superfícies de vidros e vitrocerâmicas, com progressiva formação de multicamadas celulares. A quantificação de vermelho de Alizarina revelou aumento de mineralização para culturas sobre materiais bioativos, com os maiores valores para Biosilicato® para scaffold. Expressão diferencial de genes foi observada nos 3 períodos de culturas sobre os materiais vítreo e vitrocerâmicos bioativos em comparação ao vidro bioinerte e sobre as vitrocerâmicas em comparação ao vidro bioativo. Os resultados permitem concluir que modificações em aspectos químicos de materiais vítreos e vitrocerâmicos, com efeitos sobre sua bioatividade, resultam em alteração do potencial osteogênico e do perfil de expressão gênica de células osteoblásticas in vitro. A maior atividade osteogênica sobre o Biosilicato® para scaffold permite considerar esse material um potencial candidato para aplicações em defeitos ósseos. / Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics have been used as bone substitutes in either particulate or scaffold forms. Various thermal treatments that allow the development of scaffolds from bioactive glasses may create varied proportions of new crystalline phases in the amorphous phase with a potential impact on the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the material. The aim of the present in vitro study was to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the development of the osteogenic phenotype in osteoblastic cell cultures grown on bioactive glass and glass-ceramic surfaces. MC3T3-E1 cells, subclone 14, were cultured under an osteogenic condition for periods of up to 21 days on the following disc surfaces: Bioglass® 45S5 (bioactive glass), Biosilicate® (bioactive glass-ceramic), Biosilicate® as the material for scaffold preparation (Bio-sc, bioactive glass-ceramic), and borosilicate (bioinert glass). At days 7, 12, and 21 post-plating, cell morphology, mineralized matrix formation and the expression profile of genes associated with osteogenesis were evaluated. Epifluorescence of actin cytoskeleton and DAPI DNA stain revealed confluent cell cultures at day 7 for all groups, with progressive cell multilayering formation. The quantitative analysis of Alizarin red-stained cultures at day 21 revealed significantly enhanced mineralization in cultures grown on bioactive materials compared with the ones on borosilicate and the highest absorbance intensities for the Bio-sc group. Differential gene expression profiles were detected at the three time points evaluated in cultures grown on the bioactive materials in comparison with borosilicate, and on the glass-ceramics in comparison with Bioglass® 45S5. From the results presented, it can be concluded that changes in chemical characteristics of glass and glass-ceramic that may have an impact on their bioactivity index can affect the osteogenic potential and the gene expression profile of osteoblastic cells in vitro. The highest osteogenic activity on Bio-sc renders this material a good candidate for bone defect applications.

O presente trabalho avaliou a formacao de tecido osseo ao redor de implantes osseointegraveis de titanio, apos realizacao de defeitos osseos, utilizando diferentes tipos de substitutos osseos. Foram utilizados 5 caes de raca indeterminada, os pre molares e molares mandibulares foram extraidos, passados 12 semanas, os caes foram submetidos a um novo procedimento cirurgico aonde foram realizadas as perfurações preconizados pelo fabricante dos implantes, o osso vestibular da mandibula foi desgastado ate que parte da perfuracao fosse exposta, os implantes entao foram colocados nas respectivas perfuracoes, ficando com 4 espiras expostas. Esses defeitos foram preenchidos aleatoriamente com Bioglass® 45S5, Biosilicato® , Osso autogeno, e sem nenhum material de preenchimento. 18 semanas depois da colocacao dos implantes os caes foram mortos e suas hemi-mandibulas contendo os implantes removidas e submetidas aos analises histologiaos e histomorfometricas, os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis. A histologia dos 4 grupos estudados revelaram a presenca de tecido osseo maduro em contato com os implantes, porem sem ralacao direta com os vidros bioativos e osso autogeno. A porcentagem de contato osso implante, matriz ossea mineralizada ao redor da espira, e area de espelho, nao mostraram diferencas estatisticas significantes entre os 4 materiais testados. Os resultados indicam que a presenca de substitutos osseos nao interfere com a formacao ossea ao redor dos implantes nesse modelo experimental. E existe resposta tecidual muito semelhante entre o osso autogeno, Bioglass® 45S5 e Biosilicato. / The aim of the present study was to investigate the amount of bone formation on Ti implants in sites with intra-bony defects filled with different bone substitutes. Mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted from 5 dogs, and after 12 weeks 3 implants were bilaterally placed in sites with intra-bony defects and each implantation site randomly received the following treatment: Biosilicate®, Bioglass® 45S5, aoutologous bone or no treatment. At 18 weeks after implantation, the hemi-mandibles containing the implants were removed and processed for morphological and histomorphometric analysis. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Fishers test. The histological sections of the 4 experimental groups exhibited mature bone tissue in contact with implants, but not related with bioactive glasses or autologous bone used. The percentage of bone-implant contact, mineralized bone matrix between implant threads, and mineralized bone matrix within mirror area in the treated or non-treated sites were not statistically different among the 4 experimental groups. These results indicates that the presence of the bone substitutes evaluated here did not interfere with bone formation on Ti implants in sites with intra-bony defects. In addition, tissue response to Biosilicate® was similar to that of Bioglass® 45S5 and autologous bone.

Améliorer la stabilité de l’interface dentine adhésif est primordial si on veut prolonger la durée de vie et la longévité des restaurations en composite. La reminéralisation utilisant des matériaux relarguant des ions semble etre une approche prometteuse pour protéger la couche hybride de la dégradation hydrolytique et enzymatique. Les verres bioactifs mésoporeux (MBG) présentent des caractéristiques de surface intéressantes qui permettent de les utiliser comme charges au sein de l’adhésif qui favorisent d’une part la reminéralisation par la libération d’ions, d’autre part la fonctionnalisation des pores par des médicaments antibactériens. Ces caractéristiques permettent de lutter contre la reprise de carie. Le présent travail porte sur la synthèse et l'évaluation de nouveaux MBG pouvant être utilisés comme charges dans les adhésifs dentaires. Les MBG ont été préparés dans un système sol-gel à base d'acétate avec des précurseurs industriellement sûrs et non toxiques. Les MBG préparés à grande échelle (50g) offrent des caractéristiques de surface améliorées par rapport aux MBG à petite échelle (10g). L'étude de l'influence des modificateurs de réseau (CaO: Na2O) sur les caractéristiques de surface des MBG a révélé que la porosité était influencée par la teneur en CaO dans la composition. Une surface spécifique très élevée (535 m2g-1) et un volume de pores (0,33 cm3) ont été atteints dans le MBG avec la plus forte teneur en CaO. Par la suite, l'ordre de l'effet d'addition des précurseurs sur les caractéristiques de surface des MBG a été étudié. En maintenant la composition fixée et en faisant varier l'ordre d'addition du précurseur pendant la synthèse sol-gel, on a obtenu une augmentation de 1,5 fois du volume des pores et une diminution de 1,2 fois de la taille moyenne des pores. La méthode démontrée est une voie simple et directe pour améliorer la porosité et l'homogénéité des MBG. De plus, la modulation de la taille moyenne des pores pour une composition fixe est également utile pour une éventuelle application d’administration de médicament. En ce qui concerne la bioactivité, les charges de MBG ayant la plus forte teneur en CaO ont augmenté le précipité de phosphate de calcium dans le SBF après 7 jours, par opposition au MBG avec une teneur élevée en Na2O. De plus, tous les échantillons testés étaient non cytotoxiques pour les fibroblastes gingivaux humains (HGF) in vitro. De manière positive, les MBG traités à basse température ont significativement augmenté l'activité métabolique des HGF. Le broyage à boulets a été utilisé pour réduire la taille des particules primaires de MBG à moins de 3 µm. Le fraisage a visiblement eu un effet néfaste sur la porosité des charges MBG. Néanmoins, une certaine porosité est restée. L'adhésif commercial a été mélangé avec 3, 10, 20 et 30% en poids de charge MBG. L'adhésif rempli de MBG jusqu'à 10% en poids de charge a une viscosité fluide compatible avec l’application d'un adhésif. Le MBG ainsi développé avec une haute porosité et un contenu en CaO représentent des charges prometteuses pour des futures applications en dentisterie restaurative et régénérative / Improving the stability of adhesive dentin interface is crucial to extend the longevity of composite restorations. Remineralization through use of ion releasing materials is a promising approach to protect the hybrid layer from hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation. Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) offer attractive surface features (enhanced surface area and porosity) to use them as fillers in dental adhesives to promote remineralization through ions release. Moreover, the functionalization of pores with antibacterial drugs is a good way to combat secondary caries. The present work focused on the synthesis and evaluation of novel MBGs suitable to be used as fillers in dental adhesives. The MBGs were prepared in an acetate based sol-gel system with industrially safe and non-toxic precursors. MBGs prepared in large scale (50g) offered enhanced surface characteristics in comparison to small scale (10g) MBGs. The investigation on the influence of network modifiers (CaO:Na2O) on the surface characteristics of MBGs revealed that the porosity was driven by CaO content in the composition. Notable, very high surface area (535m2g-1) and pore volume (0.33cm3g-1) was attained in the MBG with highest CaO content. Next, the order of precursor addition effect on the surface characteristics of MBGs has been studied. By Keeping the composition fixed and varying the order of precursor addition during sol-gel synthesis a doubling of surface area, 1.5 times increase in pore volume and 1.2 times decrease in mean pore size was obtained. The demonstrated method is a simple and straightforward route to improve the porosity and homogeneity of MBGs. Furthermore, modulation of mean pore size for a fixed composition is also useful to tailor the pores of the fillers for drug delivery application. With regards to bioactivity, the MBG fillers with highest CaO content had increased calcium phosphate precipitate in SBF after 7 days as opposed to MBG with high Na2O content. Furthermore, all tested samples were non-cytotoxic to Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs) in vitro. Positively, MBGs treated at lower temperature significantly enhanced the metabolic activity of HGFs. Ball milling was employed to reduce the primary particle size of MBG to less than 3μm. Milling seemingly had an adverse effect on the porosity of the MBG filler. Nevertheless, some porosity remained. The commercial adhesive was mixed with 3, 10, 20 and 30 weight percentage of MBG filler. MBG filled adhesive up to10 weight percent filler content had flowable viscosity suitable for adhesive application. The developed MBG with high porosity and CaO content appears as a new step in the development of dental adhesives and also other bioactive dental materials

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-04-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:25:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cancian_dcj_dr_arafo.pdf: 701669 bytes, checksum: fd8aefd8d48f51c10e40c62ed9f6db8a (MD5) / A proposição deste estudo foi avaliar histologicamente a efetividade do PerioGlass, Fillerbone e Bone Source no preenchimento de cavidades ósseas cirurgicamente criadas em mandíbulas de macacos adultos jovens Cebus apella. Foram criadas duas cavidades transfixantes de 5mm de diâmetro nos ângulos mandibulares. Os defeitos ósseos foram preenchidos aleatoriamente e os grupo divididos da seguinte forma: Grupo I - cavidades preenchidas com osso cortiço-medular autógeno de tíbia; Grupo II - cavidades preenchidas com cimento de fosfato de cálcio (Bone Source); Grupo III - cavidades preenchidas com vidro bioativo (Fillerbone); Grupo IV - cavidades preenchidas com vidro bioativo (PerioGlass). Após 180 dias os animais foram sacrificados, as peças removidas e processadas para obtenção de cortes histológicos. A análise histológica dos resultados demonstrou que a utilização de enxerto ósseo autógeno permitiu reparação total do defeito ósseo; os materiais Fillerbone e PerioGlass permitiram reparo total dos defeitos com íntimo contaato dos grânulos dos materiais com o tecido ósseo neoformado; o material Boné Source não permitiu reparação do defeito ósseo ocorrendo preenchimento do defeito por tecido conjuntivo fibroso e foi em grande parte reabsorvido. / The present study evaluated histological results of filling with autogenous bone, PerioGlass, Fillerbone and Bone Source in bone cavities surgically created in mandible of Cebus apella Monkeys. The surgical cavities were prepared through both mandibular cortices, with a diameter of 5mm, inthe mandibular angle region. The cavities were randomized filled and the groups divided according to the material employed as follow: Group I - Filled with tibial autogenous corticocancellous bone; Group II - Filled with calcium phosphate cement (Bone Source); Group III - Filled with bioactive glass (Fillerbone); Group IV - Filled with bioactive glass (PerioGlass). After 180 days the animals were sacrificed and the specimens followed routine laboratory procedures for hematoxilin/eosin staining and histological evaluation. The histological analysis showed that the autogenous bone allowed total repair of the bone defects; Fillerbone and PerioGlass allowed total repair of the defects with intimate contact of the remaining granules and newly formed bone; Bone Source did not allow bone formation with filling of the defects by connective fibrous tissue and the material was almost totally ressorbed.

Orientador: Rosemary Adriana Chiérici Marcantonio / Banca: Luis Carlos Spolidorio / Banca: Marisa Aparecida Cabrini Gabrielli / Banca: Idelmo Rangel Garcia Junior / Banca: Marcio Zaffalon Casati / Resumo: A proposição deste estudo foi avaliar histologicamente a efetividade do PerioGlass, Fillerbone e Bone Source no preenchimento de cavidades ósseas cirurgicamente criadas em mandíbulas de macacos adultos jovens Cebus apella. Foram criadas duas cavidades transfixantes de 5mm de diâmetro nos ângulos mandibulares. Os defeitos ósseos foram preenchidos aleatoriamente e os grupo divididos da seguinte forma: Grupo I - cavidades preenchidas com osso cortiço-medular autógeno de tíbia; Grupo II - cavidades preenchidas com cimento de fosfato de cálcio (Bone Source); Grupo III - cavidades preenchidas com vidro bioativo (Fillerbone); Grupo IV - cavidades preenchidas com vidro bioativo (PerioGlass). Após 180 dias os animais foram sacrificados, as peças removidas e processadas para obtenção de cortes histológicos. A análise histológica dos resultados demonstrou que a utilização de enxerto ósseo autógeno permitiu reparação total do defeito ósseo; os materiais Fillerbone e PerioGlass permitiram reparo total dos defeitos com íntimo contaato dos grânulos dos materiais com o tecido ósseo neoformado; o material Boné Source não permitiu reparação do defeito ósseo ocorrendo preenchimento do defeito por tecido conjuntivo fibroso e foi em grande parte reabsorvido. / Abstract: The present study evaluated histological results of filling with autogenous bone, PerioGlass, Fillerbone and Bone Source in bone cavities surgically created in mandible of Cebus apella Monkeys. The surgical cavities were prepared through both mandibular cortices, with a diameter of 5mm, inthe mandibular angle region. The cavities were randomized filled and the groups divided according to the material employed as follow: Group I - Filled with tibial autogenous corticocancellous bone; Group II - Filled with calcium phosphate cement (Bone Source); Group III - Filled with bioactive glass (Fillerbone); Group IV - Filled with bioactive glass (PerioGlass). After 180 days the animals were sacrificed and the specimens followed routine laboratory procedures for hematoxilin/eosin staining and histological evaluation. The histological analysis showed that the autogenous bone allowed total repair of the bone defects; Fillerbone and PerioGlass allowed total repair of the defects with intimate contact of the remaining granules and newly formed bone; Bone Source did not allow bone formation with filling of the defects by connective fibrous tissue and the material was almost totally ressorbed. / Doutor

O presente trabalho avaliou a formacao de tecido osseo ao redor de implantes osseointegraveis de titanio, apos realizacao de defeitos osseos, utilizando diferentes tipos de substitutos osseos. Foram utilizados 5 caes de raca indeterminada, os pre molares e molares mandibulares foram extraidos, passados 12 semanas, os caes foram submetidos a um novo procedimento cirurgico aonde foram realizadas as perfurações preconizados pelo fabricante dos implantes, o osso vestibular da mandibula foi desgastado ate que parte da perfuracao fosse exposta, os implantes entao foram colocados nas respectivas perfuracoes, ficando com 4 espiras expostas. Esses defeitos foram preenchidos aleatoriamente com Bioglass® 45S5, Biosilicato® , Osso autogeno, e sem nenhum material de preenchimento. 18 semanas depois da colocacao dos implantes os caes foram mortos e suas hemi-mandibulas contendo os implantes removidas e submetidas aos analises histologiaos e histomorfometricas, os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis. A histologia dos 4 grupos estudados revelaram a presenca de tecido osseo maduro em contato com os implantes, porem sem ralacao direta com os vidros bioativos e osso autogeno. A porcentagem de contato osso implante, matriz ossea mineralizada ao redor da espira, e area de espelho, nao mostraram diferencas estatisticas significantes entre os 4 materiais testados. Os resultados indicam que a presenca de substitutos osseos nao interfere com a formacao ossea ao redor dos implantes nesse modelo experimental. E existe resposta tecidual muito semelhante entre o osso autogeno, Bioglass® 45S5 e Biosilicato. / The aim of the present study was to investigate the amount of bone formation on Ti implants in sites with intra-bony defects filled with different bone substitutes. Mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted from 5 dogs, and after 12 weeks 3 implants were bilaterally placed in sites with intra-bony defects and each implantation site randomly received the following treatment: Biosilicate®, Bioglass® 45S5, aoutologous bone or no treatment. At 18 weeks after implantation, the hemi-mandibles containing the implants were removed and processed for morphological and histomorphometric analysis. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Fishers test. The histological sections of the 4 experimental groups exhibited mature bone tissue in contact with implants, but not related with bioactive glasses or autologous bone used. The percentage of bone-implant contact, mineralized bone matrix between implant threads, and mineralized bone matrix within mirror area in the treated or non-treated sites were not statistically different among the 4 experimental groups. These results indicates that the presence of the bone substitutes evaluated here did not interfere with bone formation on Ti implants in sites with intra-bony defects. In addition, tissue response to Biosilicate® was similar to that of Bioglass® 45S5 and autologous bone.

No description available.

As vitrocerâmicas bioativas são materiais sintéticos capazes de aderirem quimicamente aos minerais presentes na estrutura dentária. A união dos cimentos de ionômero de vidro modificados por resina (CIVMRs) à dentina pode ser influenciada por diferentes tipos de tratamentos prévios à restauração. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: avaliar a resistência à compressão, a rugosidade e a adesão à dentina de CIVMRs (Fuji II LC e Vitremer) após a incorporação de partículas de vitrocerâmicas bioativas (Biosilicato®); foi ainda, avaliar a resistência à degradação da adesão à dentina dos CIVMRs, utilizando-se EDTA como pré-tratamento dentinário. Para o teste de resistência à compressão foram confeccionados cilindros sendo que 2, 5 e 10 % em peso de partículas de vitrocerâmica bioativa foram incorporadas aos pós dos CIVMRs, armazenados em água destilada por 24h a 37°C até a realização dos testes. A rugosidade dos cimentos experimentais (2% de vitrocerâmica bioativa) e controles foi avaliada por microscopia de força atômica (MFA) após armazenamento a seco e em 100 % de umidade por 1 mês. Para os testes de microtração, as superfícies das cavidades foram tratadas seguindo-se as instruções dos fabricantes ou utilizando-se EDTA. Os espécimes foram restaurados com os CIVMRs experimentais (2% de vitrocerâmica) e controles. Após as restaurações, os espécimes foram armazenados em água por 24h e 7d. Para o teste de degradação, os CIVMRs foram armazenados por 24h, 3m e imersos em 10% de hipoclorito de sódio por 5h. Os dentes foram seccionados em palitos e submetidos ao teste de microtração. ANOVA e teste de múltiplas comparações foram realizados (p<0,05). O modo de fratura foi classificado em adesivo, misto e coesivo e alguns espécimes foram analisados em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Apenas os cimentos com 2% de vitrocerâmica bioativa obtiveram resistência a compressão semelhante ao grupo controle. Para os grupos controles, Fuji II LC apresentou-se mais rugoso que o Vitremer e o seu armazenamento à seco aumentou sua rugosidade. A condição de armazenamento, seco ou úmido, não afetou a rugosidade dos CIVMRs experimentais. A vitrocerâmica bioativa aumentou significantemente a adesão à dentina dos CIVMRs após armazenamento por 24h, exceto para o Fuji II LC quando EDTA foi utilizado. A aplicação de EDTA aumentou significantemente os valores de resistência adesiva. No estudo de degradação da união, valores de resistência adesiva significantemente maiores foram obtidos nos grupos onde a dentina foi pré-tratada com EDTA. A resistência adesiva do Fuji II LC à dentina não foi afetada pelos métodos de degradação utilizados. Valores de resistência adesiva significantemente menores foram observados para os espécimes restaurados com Vitremer após os dois métodos de degradação, exceto quando a dentina foi prétratada com EDTA. As falhas do tipo mistas foram prevalentes. Em conclusão, 2% de partículas de vitrocerâmica bioativa podem ser incluídas nos CIVMRs sem afetar suas propriedades mecânicas. A rugosidade dos CIVMRs experimentais não foi afetada pelo meio de armazenamento. A inclusão de vitrocerâmicas bioativas aumentou a resistência adesiva somente após armazenamento de 24h. A utilização de EDTA como pré-tratamento dentinário aumentou a resistência adesiva para todas as condições e preveniu a degradação da interface adesiva do Vitremer. / Bioactive glass-ceramics are synthetic materials capable of chemically bonding to dental structures. Adhesion of resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (RMGICs) to dentin may be influenced by different types of dentin pre-treatments. The objective of this study was to analyze the compressive strength, roughness and adhesion to dentin of RMGICs (Fuji II LC and Vitremer) after the incorporation of bioactive glassceramic particles (Biosilicate). Additionally, the durability of the RMGICs adhesion was analyzed after the application of EDTA as a pre-treatment of dentin. Cylinders of RMGICs with incorporation of 2, 5 and 10 % in weight of bioactive glass-ceramic particles were made for compressive strength, and stored in water for 24h at 37°C. Roughness of control and experimental (2% bioactive glass-ceramic) RMGICs was analyzed by atomic force microscopic (MFA) after storage in dry and humidity conditions for 1 month. For the microtensile test, the surfaces of the cavities were treated following the manufacturers instructions or by applying EDTA. The cavities were restored with control and experimental (2% bioactive glass-ceramic) RMGICs. After restorations, the specimens were stored in water for 24h and 7 days. For the degradation test, the RMGICs were stored for 24h, 3 months or immersed in 10% NaOCl for 5h. Teeth were sectioned in beams and submitted to microtensile test. ANOVA and multiple-comparisons tests were used (p<0.05). Mode of failure was classified in adhesive, mixed and cohesive, some specimens were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopic. Only the RMGICs with 2% of bioactive glassceramic obtained compressive strength similar to the control RMGICs. The storage conditions, dry or humidity, did not affect the roughness of experimental RMGICs. Bioactive glass-ceramic significantly increased the adhesion to dentin of RMGICs after storage for 24h, except for Fuji II LC when EDTA was applied. The application of EDTA significantly increased the values of bond strength. For the degradation study, high values of bond strength were also observed in groups where the dentin was pre-treated with EDTA. The bond strength of Fuji II LC to dentin was not affected by the degradation methods. Vitremer specimens presented significantly lower bond strength values after degradation methods, except when EDTA was applied. Mixed failures were the most prevalent in all groups. In conclusion, 2% of bioactive glassceramic particles may be included in RMGICs without affecting their mechanical properties. Roughness of experimental RMGICs was not affected by storage conditions. The incorporation of bioactive glass-ceramic increased the bond strength after storage for 24h. The application of EDTA as a pre-treatment of dentin increased the bond strength for all conditions studied and prevented the degradation of adhesive interface of Vitremer.