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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Alimento extrusado à base de farelo de mamona na dieta de cabras lactantes / Extruded food based castor meal in diet goats lactating

Sueli Freitas dos Santos 25 January 2012 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho e a qualidade do leite de cabras leiteiras alimentadas com dietas contendo alimento extrusado à base de farelo de mamona (AEFM) na alimentaÃÃo de cabras leiteiras. Quatro grupos de cinco fÃmeas caprinas da raÃa Saanen, foram alimentadas por 34 dias com dietas diferenciadas nos nÃveis de substituiÃÃo do farelo de soja por AEFM: 0, 33, 67 e 100%. NÃo houve efeito dos tratamentos (P>0,05) sobre os nutrientes consumidos avaliados: matÃria seca (g/d, %PV, g/kg PV0,75), proteÃna bruta (g/d e g/kg PV0,75), extrato etÃreo (g/d e g/kg PV0,75), fibra em detergente neutro (g/d, %PV e g/kg PV0,75), carboidratos nÃo fibrosos (g/kg PV0,75) e carboidratos totais (g/d e g/kg PV0,75). O consumo de carboidrato nÃo fibroso (g/d) foi influenciado (P<0,05), apresentando relaÃÃo linear positiva com o aumento do nÃvel de inclusÃo de AEFM. Houve influencia dos tratamentos sobre os nutrientes DMS, DMO, DPB, DEE e DFDN, ocasionando efeito linear decrescente (P<0,05). Assim como tambÃm na DCNF que apresentou efeito quadrÃtico (P<0,05) aos nÃveis de substituiÃÃo. NÃo houve influencia dos tratamentos (P>0,05), sobre os parÃmetros de nitrogÃnio consumido, nitrogÃnio excretado na urina, nitrogÃnio excretado no leite, balanÃo de nitrogÃnio, nitrogÃnio de excreÃÃo total e nitrogÃnio endÃgeno basal. Observou-se que os valores encontrados para o nitrogÃnio fecal, foram influenciados (P<0,05). Nos parÃmetros da composiÃÃo fÃsico-quÃmica do leite, observou-se que nÃo houve influÃncia (P>0,05) sobre a produÃÃo de leite (PL), composiÃÃo em proteÃna bruta do leite (PBL) e gordura do leite (GL). Os valores mÃdios de nitrogÃnio urÃico do leite (NUL) foram influenciados (P<0,05), quando comparados com a dieta controle. NÃo houve efeito (P>0,05) sobre a lactose (LAC) e sÃlidos totais (ST). Para as variÃveis de extrato seco desengordurado e rendimento de queijo, houve influÃncia (P<0,05), com mÃdia de 76,42g.kg-1 e 22,25%. Os teores na concentraÃÃo dos Ãcidos graxos butÃrico (C4:0) e caprÃlico (C8:0), foram influenciados (P<0,05) quando comparada ao tratamento controle. NÃo houve efeitos (P>0,05), sobre os teores de Ãcidos graxos saturados (AGS), Ãcidos graxos insaturados (AGI), Ãcidos graxos poliinsaturados (AGP). Para o Ãndice de aterogenicidade (IA), observou-se influencia (P<0,05), demonstrando melhor resultado no nÃvel 33% de substituiÃÃo. As variÃveis odor caracterÃstico, odor estranho, sabor caracterÃstico, sabor estranho, sabor ranÃoso, sabor adocicado e aceitaÃÃo global, foram influenciados (P<0,05), com mÃdias de 3,24, 2,88, 5,20, 3,86, 3,49, 4,10 e 4,36% respectivamente. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o AEFM, apesar de ocasionar reduÃÃo da digestibilidade dos nutrientes, pode ser utilizado na substituiÃÃo do farelo de soja em dieta de cabras leiteiras sem reduÃÃes no consumo de nutrientes, sem afetar a produÃÃo e qualidade do leite, e sem proporcionar qualquer dano à saÃde animal. / This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and quality of dairy goats fed milk diets containing extruded food-based castor meal (EFCM) in dairy goats. Four groups of five female Saanen goats, were fed with diets with different levels of soybean meal replacement by ECCM: 0, 33, 67 and 100%, for 34 days. There was no treatment effect (P>0.05) on the evaluated nutrients intake: dry matter (g/d, %BW and g/kg BW0.75), crude protein (g/d and g/kg BW0.75), extract ether (g/d and g/kg BW0.75), neutral detergent fiber (g/d, %BW and g/kg BW0.75), non-fibrous carbohydrates (g/kg BW0.75) and total carbohydrates (g/d and g/kg BW0.75). The non-fibrous carbohydrate intake (g / d) was affected (P <0.05), presenting a positive linear relashionship with inclusion level of EFCM. Was no influence of treatment on the DMD, OMD, CPD, NDFD DEE and nutrients, causing linear effect (P <0.05). As well as in DCNF that showed a quadratic effect (P <0.05). There was no influence of the treatments (P> 0.05) on the consumed nitrogen parameters, nitrogen excreted in the urine nitrogen excreted in milk, nitrogen balance, the total nitrogen excretion and basal endogenous nitrogen. It was observed that the values found for fecal nitrogen, were affected (P <0.05). The parameters of the physical and chemical composition of milk, it was observed that there was no effect (P> 0.05) on milk production (PM), in gross composition of milk protein (PMC) and milk fat (MF).The average values of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) were affected (P <0.05) compared with control diet. There was no effect (P> 0.05) on lactose (LAC), and total solids (TS).For dry extract variables defatted and yield of cheese, there was influence (P<0.05), averaging 76,42g.kg-1 and 22.25%. The concentration of the butyric acid content in fatty acids (C4: 0) and caprylic (C8: 0) were affected (P <0.05) when compared to the control treatment. There was no effect (P> 0.05) on the levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA), unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). For the atherogenicity index (IA) showed a significant effect (P <0.05), demonstrating best results in 33% replacement level. The variables characteristic odor, strange odor, characteristic taste, strange taste, rancid flavor, sweet taste and overall acceptability were affected (P<0.05), with averages of 3.24, 2.88, 5.20, 3, 86, 3.49, 4.10 and 4.36% respectively. The results indicate that the EFCM, despite causing a reduction in the digestibility of nutrients, can be used in replacement of soybean meal in diets of dairy goats without reductions in nutrient intake without affecting the production and quality of milk, and without providing any damage to animal health.

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