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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Propriedades biomecÃnicas do complexo labrum-glenoide biciptal superior submetido a estresse / The biomechanic properties of superior labrum biceps tendon complex submitted to stress force

Adson do Socorro SÃ Costa 05 December 2005 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Instituto Dr. Josà Frota / Com o advento e com o desenvolvimento da artroscopia do ombro, as lesÃes do complexo labrum biciptal superior passaram a ser reconhecidas como fonte de disfunÃÃo nesta articulaÃÃo. Contudo, os mecanismos responsÃveis pela lesÃo continuam desconhecidos, e as hipÃteses existentes sÃo controversas. Para determinar as propriedades biomecÃnicas do complexo labrum biciptal superior e observar as alteraÃÃes ocorridas quando submetidos a traÃÃes contÃnuas e repentinas, 18 ombros congelados de 15 cadÃveres masculinos, cuja faixa etÃria variou entre 20 e 40 anos, foram submetidos a testes de traÃÃo uniaxial feitos com 3 mÃquinas distintas. O estresse que causou a ruptura do corpo de prova na traÃÃo contÃnua foi da ordem de 290N e, na traÃÃo repentina foi de 384N. Todas as lesÃes ocorreram na porÃÃo distal do tendÃo do cabo longo do bÃceps. Os resultados apontam que uma simples traÃÃo uniaxial contÃnua ou repentina no braÃo nÃo à capaz de gerar uma lesÃo SLAP / With the advent and the development of the artroscopia of the shoulder, the injuries of the complex labrum biciptal superior had started to be recognized as source of the shoulder disease. However, the responsible mechanisms for the injury continue unknown and the existing hypotheses are controversies. To determine the biomechanic properties of the complex labrum biciptal superior and to observe the occured alterations when submitted to continuous and sudden tractions, 18 frozen shoulders of 15 masculine corpses, age band between 20 and 40 years, they had been submitted to the tensile tests of made uniaxial traction with three distinct machines. Stress that it caused the rupture of the body of test in the continuous traction was of the order of 290N and, in the sudden traction was of 384N. All the injuries had occurred in the distal portion of the tendon of the long handle of the biceps. The results point that a simple continuous or sudden uniaxial traction in the arm is not capable to generate an injury SLAP
2

ANÃLISE DE SISTEMAS DE IMPLANTES DENTÃRIOS EM MANDÃBULAS EDÃNTULAS COM APLICAÃÃO DE CARREGAMENTO IMEDIATO / Study of the systems of dental implantations for edentulous mandibula with immediate load

Luiz Carlos GonÃalves Pennafort Junior 30 October 2009 (has links)
O presente estudo teve por objetivo obter elementos comparativos entre os sistemas guiados de prÃteses totais fixas com 4 implantes osteointegrÃveis com aplicaÃÃo de carga imediata, tendo em vista a importÃncia de se entender o projeto dos implantes como um processo em que se avaliem os biomateriais e a biomecÃnica. Utilizou-se o mÃtodo dos elementos finitos tridimensionais para analisar as concentraÃÃes de tensÃes em todo o sistema implantossuportado, associado à variaÃÃo do material de confecÃÃo da barra protÃtica entre as ligas de Niquel-Cromo, Cobalto-Cromo e Ti-6Al-4V, sendo realizados ensaios metalogrÃficos das ligas de Ni-Cr e Co-Cr, no intuito de identificar a microestrutura e consequentemente avaliar sua influÃncia no comportamento mecÃnico do sistema. Foram analisados dois sistemas, sendo um com cantilever e outro sem, porÃm com uso de implantes inclinados, submetidos a um carregamento vertical de 756 N sobre toda face superior da barra protÃtica implantossuportada. Paralelamente a este estudo tambÃm foram verificados separadamente os conjuntos protÃticos (parafuso-pilar-implante) reto e inclinado submetidos a uma carga vertical de 100N sobre o topo do pilar. Os dados encontrados foram comparados e avaliados de acordo com valores obtidos na literatura Os resultados demonstraram que a utilizaÃÃo de implantes inclinados evitando a utilizaÃÃo do cantilever, diminuiu consideravelmente os nÃveis de tensÃes na barra protÃtica e nos pilares, porÃm na regiÃo implante-osso, observou-se um aumento de aproximadamente 1,5 vezes, em relaÃÃo aos implantes retos sob cantilever. O estudo das ligas apontou a liga de Co-Cr como um material de desempenho considerÃvel em relaÃÃo Ãs demais ligas, quanto ao comportamento mecÃnico. / The present study aimed at obtaining comparative elements among the guided systems of fixed complete denture with 4 osseointegrated implants with immediate loading, considering the importance of understanding the implant project as a process where biomaterials and biomechanics are assessed. The three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze the stress concentrations in the whole implant-supported system, associated to the variation of the material of the prosthetic bar among the nickel-chromium, cobalt-chromium and Ti-6Al-4V alloys. Metallographic tests of the Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys, were made with the objective of identifying the micro-structure and consequently evaluate its influence in the mechanical behavior of the system. Two systems were analyzed, one with cantilever and another without it, but with tilted implants, submitted to a vertical load of 756N on the superior face of the prosthetic implant-supported bar. Parallel to this study the prosthetic groups (screw-abutment-implants) straight and tilted were also separately verified, submitted to a vertical load of 100N on the top of the abutment. The data found were compared and assessed according to values obtained in the literature. The results demonstrated that the use of tilted implants avoiding the use of cantilever reduced considerably the stress levels in the prosthetic bar and in the abutments. However, in the implant-bone area an increase of approximately 1.5 times in stress levels was observed, compared to the straight implant under cantilever. The study of the alloys apponted the Co-Cr alloy as a material comparable to the other ones, regarding the mechanical behavior

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