Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-07-09T19:36:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Érika Fernandes de Jesus - 2018.pdf: 2433810 bytes, checksum: a4e4325d9ec8f6d2eac84597e2c7dfe2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-07-10T11:29:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Érika Fernandes de Jesus - 2018.pdf: 2433810 bytes, checksum: a4e4325d9ec8f6d2eac84597e2c7dfe2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-10T11:29:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Érika Fernandes de Jesus - 2018.pdf: 2433810 bytes, checksum: a4e4325d9ec8f6d2eac84597e2c7dfe2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-27 / Bj-PRO-7a, a proline-rich oligopeptide isolated from Bothrops jararaca snake venom, was able to reduce blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive animals. However, it is not yet known whether this peptide may have beneficial effects on cardiac remodeling. Herein, we evaluate the effect of the Bj-PRO-7a in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Normotensive (Wistar) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats were divided into 3 groups: 1) Wistar treated with 0.9% saline, s.c.; 2) SHR treated with 0.9% saline, s.c.; and 3) SHR treated with BjPRO-7a (71 nmol/Kg/day, s.c.). The animals were treated during 28 days. The systolic blood pressure was weekly measured by tail-cuff plethysmography. At the end of the treatment, cardiac function was evaluated in isolated perfused heart preparation. The ventricular mass index was calculated by the ratio between the left ventricular weight and tibia length. The cardiomyocyte diameter and interstitial and perivascular fibrosis of the left ventricle were evaluated using the Picrossirius staining. The detection of collagen III deposition was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Fibroblast proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemistry to detect proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The expression of catalase, SOD and ERK1/2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was assessed by Western Blot. In our protocol, the Bj-PRO-7a was unable to reduce the systolic blood pressure of the SHRs. However, this peptide attenuated the development of the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in these animals. Additionally, the deposition of the interstitial and perivascular fibrosis in SHR was significantly reduced by the treatment with Bj-PRO-7a. This peptide did not alter the collagen III deposition in hypertensive rat hearts. The Bj-PRO-7a reduced positive PCNA-labeled fibroblasts. The expression of catalase, SOD and ERK1/2 was significantly increased in SHR, but the Bj-PRO-7a attenuates this increase. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was not different in SHR hearts, but the Bj-PRO-7a increased the expression of the MMP-2 in the heart of these animals. Our findings demonstrate that the Bj-PRO-7a reduced the pathological cardiac remodeling through mechanism mediated by inhibition of the ERK1/2 and increasing MMP-2 expression. This data suggest that the Bj- xxiii PRO-7a could have a potential therapeutic for the treatment of cardiac diseases. / O Bj-PRO-7a é um heptapetídeo pertencente à família de oligopeptídeo rico em prolina isolado do veneno da serpente Bothrops jararaca. Estudos in vivo, mostraram que a administração aguda do heptaptídeo é capaz de reduzir a pressão arterial e a frequência cardíaca de animais hipertensos. Ainda pouco estudado e considerando os efeitos antihipertensivo e bradicardico, avaliamos o remodelamento cardíaco de animais hipertensos tratados com o Bj-PRO-7a. No presente estudo, foram utilizados ratos normotensos (Wistar) e espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR) que foram separados em 3 grupos experimentais e receberam: 1) Wistar, 0,9% NaCl, (150 µl/dia, s.c.); 2) SHR, 0,9% NaCl, (150 µl/dia, s.c.); e 3) SHR tratado com Bj-PRO-7a (71 nmol/Kg/dia, s.c.). As injeções (in bolus) foram repetidas diariamente durante 28 dias. Durante o tratamento, os animais tiveram a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) mensurada semanalmente, pelo método não invasivo de plestimografia. No final do tratamento, a função cardíaca foi avaliada pelo método de Langendorff. A hipertrofia cardíaca de SHRs foi avaliada com análise dos seguintes parâmetros: índice de massa ventricular, diâmetro do cardiomiócito, fibrose intersticial e perivascular, colágeno III, proliferação de fibroblastos e expressão da catalase, SOD, ERK1/2, MMP-2 e MMP-9. Nossos resultados mostram que o tratamento crônico com Bj-PRO-7a não promoveu alterações importantes na PAS de SHRs. No entanto, este peptídeo atenuou o desenvolvimento da hipertrofia dos cardiomiócitos de SHRs. Apesar do Bj-PRO-7a não ter alterado a deposição de colágeno III, foi capaz de reduzir a deposição de colágeno intersticial e perivascular, bem como, a proliferação de fibroblastos em SHR. A linhagem de ratos hipertensos, tem expressão de CAT, SOD e ERK1/2 significativamente maior do que em ratos normotensos. O Bj-PRO-7a atenuou o aumento da expressão dessas enzimas / proteínas. Por outro lado, aumentou a expressão da MMP-2 ativa nos corações de ratos hipertensos. Nossos resultados mostram que o Bj-PRO-7a reduziu o remodelamento cardíaco patológico através de mecanismos mediados pela inibição da ERK1/2 e aumento da expressão da MMP-2. Dessa forma, os resultados sugerem que o Bj-PRO-7a apresenta um potencial terapêutico para desenvolvimento de fármacos para o tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-06-22T20:27:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Córdova Turones - 2018.pdf: 2576144 bytes, checksum: fb628d04d3221c6ac7ccaf79cc3d60ea (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Rejected by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com), reason: on 2018-06-22T20:38:02Z (GMT) / Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-06-22T20:39:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Córdova Turones - 2018.pdf: 2494325 bytes, checksum: 52754820438d7cd88e3dc298a96a898a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-06-27T11:25:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Córdova Turones - 2018.pdf: 2494325 bytes, checksum: 52754820438d7cd88e3dc298a96a898a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-27T11:25:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Larissa Córdova Turones - 2018.pdf: 2494325 bytes, checksum: 52754820438d7cd88e3dc298a96a898a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Bj-PRO-7a, a heptapeptide isolated and identified from Bothrops jararaca (Bj) venom, evoke potent therapeutic effects, as antihypertensive effect, natriuretic and diuretic effects, promotion of angiogenisis and vasodilatation. The effects of heptapeptide are independent of Angiotensin Converting Inhibitor (ACE), possibly dependent of Muscarinic Receptors subtype 1 (M1R) activation and oxido nitric pathways. Also, the Bj-PRO-7a actions upon central nervous system still need to be evaluated. Thus, the aims of this study were: i) to assess the effects of acute administration of Bj-PRO-7a upon behavior; ii) to reveal mechanisms involved in the effects of Bj- PRO-7a upon locomotion/exploration, anxiety and depression-like behaviors. For this purpose, adult male Wistar (WT) and Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs) (300-380 g) received i.p. injections of Vehicle (NaCl 0.9%), Diazepam (2 mg/kg), Imipramine (15 mg/kg), Bj-PRO-7a (71, 213 or 426 nmol/kg), Pirenzepine (852 nmol/kg), α-metil-DL-tirosina (200 mg/kg) or Chlorpromazine (2 mg/kg) and were placed in the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Open Field (OF) and Forced Swimming (FS) tests. The heptapeptide promoted anxiolytic and antidepressantlike effects and increased the locomotion/exploration. These effects of Bj-PRO-7a seem to be strongly dependent on activation of M1R, catecholaminergic paths and dopaminergic receptors. / O Bj-PRO-7a, um heptapeptídeo isolado e identificado no veneno da Bothrops jararaca (Bj), evoca potentes efeitos terapêuticos, tais como o efeito anti-hipertensivo, efeitos natriurético e diurético, promoção da angiogênese e vasodilatação. Os efeitos do hepapeptídeo são independentes da inibição sobre a Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina (ECA), possivelmente dependentes da ativação dos Receptores Muscarínicos de Acetilcolina subtipo 1 (M1Rs) e vias do óxido nítrico. Ademais, as ações do Bj-PRO-7a sobre o sistema nervoso central ainda precisam ser avaliadas. Assim, os objetivos deste estudo foram: i) acessar os efeitos da administração aguda do Bj-PRO-7a sobre o comportamento; ii) revelar os mecanismos envolvidos nos efeitos do Bj-PRO-7a sobre a locomoção/exploração, comportamento tipo-ansiedade e depressão. Para esse propósito, ratos machos adultos Wistar (WT) e Espontaneamente Hipertensos (SHR) (300-380 g) receberam injeções i.p. de Veículo (NaCl 0,9%), Diazepam (2 mg/kg), Imipramina (15 mg/kg), Bj-PRO-7a (71, 213 ou 426 nmol/kg), Pirenzepina (852 nmol/kg), α-metil-DL-tirosina (200 mg/kg) ou Clorpromazina (2 mg/kg) e foram colocados nos testes de Labirinto em Cruz Elevado (LCE); Campo Aberto (CA) e Nado Forçado (NF). O heptapeptídeo promoveu efeito tipo-ansiolítico e antidepressivo e aumentou a locomoção/exploração. Esses efeitos parecem ser fortemente dependentes da ativação dos M1Rs, vias catecolaminérgicas e receptores dopaminérgicos.