Objective The study is to explore the relationship between antipsychotics and blood glucose level or lipid level of patients with mental illness in psychiatric outpatient clinic of Queen Mary Hospital. Participants and Methods Case reviews through Clinical Management System were carried out. Total 108 psychotic cases involved in the study. 24 were excluded as the patients did not have any treatment of antipsychotics. 84 patients were qualified for review. 40 females and 68 males involved. Their ages are between 13 and 68. Patients’ demographics information, blood glucose level or lipid level were retrieved. Some important findings are also noted. Data collection carried in May 2014. Results There are no significant changes in fasting blood glucose or lipid level for either typical or atypical antipsychotics. We found that the frequency of checking blood glucose or lipid level was too low and not regular. Risperidone and Olanzapine are the most commonly used in this psychiatric outpatient clinic. Moreover, 9 cases change from psychosis to Paranoid type schizophrenia. The most frequent diagnosis in the clinic is Paranoid type schizophrenia. 36 cases, one third of the samples, are diagnosed as Paranoid type schizophrenia. Conclusions Although we cannot conclude the effect of antipsychotics on blood glucose level or lipid level of patients with mental illness, there is an increasing concern about antipsychotics leading to metabolic problems through the case reviews. We suggest that routine physical health screening, guidelines setting up, predictors should be carried out in the clinic. / published_or_final_version / Psychological Medicine / Master / Master of Psychological Medicine

These studies investigated the plasma lipid profile of endurance athletes and their ability to clear intravascular triglycerides (TG). Study I was a cross-sectional determination of the relationship between cholesterol fractions and weekly running mileage. Study II examined the relationships between the changes in total and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and body composition during a training program. Study III employed an intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) and a post-heparin TG clearance to indirectly assess lipoprotein lipase activity in three different training groups. Finally, Study IV examined the effects of a 12-week training program on TG clearance in trained subjects. In Study I there were significant correlations between HDL-C and percent body fat (r = -0.36, p < .001) and miles run per week (r = 0.50, p < .001), the latter relationship remaining significant when statistically adjusted for age, alcohol consumption, or relative body composition. With the increased weekly running mileage in Study II, HDL-C increased by 5.0 mg/dl (p < .01), and total cholesterol remained unchanged. All components of body composition changed significantly, but only the change in lean weight significantly correlated with the change in HDL-C (r = 0.46, p < .025). In Study III the rate of Intralipid clearance correlated with fat weight (r = -0.66, p < .001), fasting TG (r = -0.39, p < .05), and V̇O₂ max (r = 0.64, p < .001). The heparin-induced fractional clearance of TG's correlated to V̇O₂ max (r = -0.51, p < .01) and fat weight (r = 0.47, p < .01). While the runners and the untrained subjects were similar in body composition and lipid profile, when divided into groups, the elite runners were leaner, had higher HDL-C (p < .05), and were able to clear Intralipid (p < .01) and plasma TG's (p < .05) faster than the other groups. There was a trend towards a more favorable lipidprofile and enhanced TG clearance in Study IV, but only V̇O₂ max (p < .05) and post-heparin fractional clearance of TG's (p < .05)improved significantly. These data suggest that endurance trained subjects have higher HDL-C, lower TG, and an enhanced capacity to clear the intravascular compartment of TG's. These changes cannot be explained solely by the body composition or diets of the athletes and must be due in part to changes evoked by their chronic training.

The negative health effects of trans fatty acids from hydrogenated fats on plasma lipid profile have been well documented. However, the mechanisms responsible for these changes remain to be elucidated. Hence the overall objective of the thesis was to examine the effect of consuming different forms of hydrogenated fats on cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism, specifically fractional and absolute synthesis rates of free (FSR-FC and ASR-FC) and esterified (FSR-CE, AER and ER) cholesterol, and the functioning of the ASP pathway. In addition, validation of the newer deuterium incorporation (DI) method for measurement of endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis against the cholesterol precursor assessment approach was also performed. Fourteen moderately hypercholesterolemic (LDL-C &ge; 130 mg.dl-1) postmenopausal women (65--71yrs) participated in this study. Subjects consumed, in random order, each of 6 diets for 5 week periods, separated by washout periods ranging from 2 to 4 weeks in duration. The experimental diets included a baseline (BL) diet (39% kcal fat) and 5 reduced fat diets (30% kcal) where 2/3rd of the fat was either soybean oil (SO), low trans squeeze (SQM), medium trans tub (TM), high trans stick (SM) margarines, or butter (BT). Results obtained from the series of analyses performed demonstrate that: (i) the DI method and levels of some cholesterol precursors correspond as methods for the study of in vivo cholesterol biosynthesis in humans; (ii) elevations in endogenous cholesterol synthesis (FSR-FC and ASR-FC) are not responsible for the increase in circulating cholesterol levels seen after consumption of the high trans SM, and high SFA rich BT and BL diets; (iii) suppression of cholesterol esterification rates on the SM diet may account for the decreased HDL-C levels observed on this diet and finally; (iv) dysfunction of the ASP pathway, with lower ASP and higher FFA levels could be responsible for the higher secretion of hepatic B 100 particles. In conc

No description available.

There is no abstract available for this thesis. / School of Physical Education

Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2009. / Directed by Paul Davis; submitted to the Dept. of Kinesiology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jun. 8, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-126).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2005. / Supervisor: Marvin D. Shepherd. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Fifty-seven subjects from 14 families participated in a study designed to investigate similarities and differences between parents and children residing with them relative to their serum lipid levels and dietary lipid intakes. To participate, at least one of the parents needed to have a serum total cholesterol of at least 240 mg/dL. Fasting blood samples obtained from the participants were analyzed for serum total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C levels. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure readings also were taken. Dietary records, questionnaires on lifestyle, health habits, health history, and nutrition knowledge were completed by the participants. Correlation coefficients between serum total cholesterol and dietary cholesterol intakes of the fathers were 0.66 (p = 0.01) in all 14 families and 0.64 (p = 0.05) in the 11 families in which at least one parent had a family history of CHD. The values of the correlation coefficients of HDL-C and the intake of dietary cholesterol of the children for the 14 families and the 11 families were -0.36 (p = 0.07) and -0.55 (p = 0.01) respectively. A significant correlation was found between the dietary pattern of the parents and that of their children. The following correlation coefficients were found for the five families in which both parents had a fmaily history of CHD: 0.65 (p = 0.02) for total fat, 0.79 (p = 0.002) for saturated fat , and 0.59 (p = 0.04) for cholesterol. / Master of Science