This thesis describes the synthesis, characterization and properties of a novel family of cuboidal homo- and heterobimetallic molybdenum chalcogenide clusters. The synthetic strategy employed to prepare these novel cluster species is based on the chemical functionalization of the trimetallic Mo3Q4 (Q = S, Se) core by varying the nature of the outer ligands or by incorporating a second transition metal fragment to obtain cubane-type heterobimetallic clusters. Both strategies are directed towards the isolation of functional molecular complexes with potential applications in catalysis, molecular electronic or as building blocks of higher nuclearity materials. In this regard, the immobilization of tailor functionalized molecular clusters into mesoporous silica is also presented. Three different approaches have been undertaken towards the functionalization of Mo3Q4 (Q = S, Se) cluster complexes. The first one is based on the substitutional reactivity of the Mo-halide functional groups. The second one consists on the incorporation of a second transition metal to access cubane-type heterobimetallic Mo3M’Q4 (M’ = Fe, Cu; Q = S) compounds. Finally, the third one is based on the coordination of diphosphane ligands of different nature.