Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1996. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2891. Typescript. Abstract precedes second title page as preliminary pages 2-3. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 28-31).

Schools are rich and intense social environments where young people constantly interact with one another, negotiate social relationships and construct their identities. The school context also influences how young people experience and relate to their bodies. Physical education can be especially influential here – an environment where young people learn about the body and through the body within a highly visible setting. Research has investigated how bodily meanings and power relations are constructed within schools and physical education but these processes are ever evolving. For example, the ingraining of online social interaction within young people’s lives currently adds new dimensions to how young people learn, interact and perceive themselves and their bodies. This thesis presents findings from a year-long ethnographic study located within a Scottish secondary school. Participant observation and qualitative interviews were used to explain the contemporary bodily culture amongst young people and to investigate how engagements with online social spaces were shaping young people’s bodily perceptions and practices. Findings evidenced three overarching tenets of informal pupil culture. These were: the centrality and importance of the body within social life; the omnipresence of online social spaces and online social interaction; and the development of a celebrity-esque culture amongst the pupil population. Accordingly, pupils constructed and negotiated hyper-risky social environments where the body and the self were hyper-visible, hyper-scrutinised and hyper-controlled. Working within a critical realist framework, theoretical insights from Erving Goffman, Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu were utilised to suggest that the online environment represented a very important and attractive medium for identity construction where young people had opportunities, and felt pressure, to create idealised images of themselves. Online self-presentation also had offline implications for how pupils behaved, viewed themselves and for how they perceived and treated others. Physical education therefore became an especially risky social space as it was characterised by a lack of control over bodily identity, which juxtaposed sharply with the intense control over self-presentation afforded online. The online realm was also a highly influential context for learning about health and the body and a space where looking ‘healthy’ was very fashionable. Accordingly, this thesis suggests that socially safe and critical environments should be constructed in physical education. The thesis also concludes by arguing that physical education has unique potential to contribute positively to young people’s lives through practical, experiential learning. Physical education can foster and create a refreshing culture, contrasting and challenging superficial dimensions of contemporary bodily culture. It can become a space that diminishes the significance of outward experiences: a space where young people positively experience their bodies and the world around them; where they can reflect and marvel upon such experiences; and learn to respect their own and each other’s bodies in a very intrinsic and deep sense.

Previous studies have shown that overweight and obesity in youth and adolescents is one of the leading risk factors for developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Besides being "at–risk” for T2DM, the possibility also exists for development of major psychological issues. Thus, overweight adolescents who are "at–risk” for T2DM may have increased levels of emotional eating, and poor self–esteem and body image. The design of this pilot study ("R. U. A Healthy Kid”) was a prospective cohort of 17 free–living middle school students "at–risk” for T2DM. Each participant was previously screened and found to have three or more risk factors for T2DM. The intervention targeted four main topics: Family Meals, Healthy Snacks, Physical Activity and "Unique U” (emotional eating, self–esteem, body image and stress management). The "Unique U” component forms the basis of the current study. After three months in the program, participants’ self–esteem significantly increased since the beginning of the program. Many relationships were found between self–esteem, body image, stress and emotional eating questions. Community– based lifestyle interventions that include issues such as improving self–esteem, body image, stress and emotional eating are critical in helping adolescents who are "at–risk” for T2DM.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Jacqueline Marie Wilcox, for the Master of Science degree in COMMUNITY NUTRITION, presented on October 19,2012, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: HOW FATHERS AFFECT BODY IMAGE PERCEPTION IN THEIR SONS:A COMPARISON OF FOUR AGE GROUPS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Sara Long Roth This study examines the role a father or male role model plays in affecting his son's body image perception via comments and feedback. A cross-sectional study design was conducted to examine 396 men who ranged in age from 18-92 years old. Men who participated in this study were evaluated as a whole as well as four different age groups (18-31, 32-47, 48-66, 67+). Results indicate most men did not receive feedback from their fathers in regard to altering their muscularity or to gain or lose weight. Participants who received feedback reported positive paternal comments about body shape, weight and muscularity. Men aged 18-31 received more positive paternal feedback than any other age group. Positive body image perception was significantly associated with body mass index and high self-esteem. Results of this study suggest other social factors may be connected with negative body image perception.

This study is an investigation of how exposure to different media content influences self-objectification, body image, and rape myths acceptance (RMA) in female college students. The purpose of this study was to further explore the effects of immediate media exposure on body image, self-objectification, and RMA, as well as address the gap in the literature regarding the relationship between these variables (Dakanalis et al., 2015; Fox et al., 2015). One hundred and one students that identified as female were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions using a partially blind design. The students watched a short video pertaining to the condition they were assigned (i.e. sexualized content, consent content, control content) and then completed a survey, which included measures of self-objectification, negative body image, positive body image, rape myths acceptance, and demographic variables. Results indicate here was no difference between self-objectification, body image, and RMA scores among participants that were assigned to different experimental conditions. Body image was found to be directly related to RMA, and there was a difference in RMA scores among participants that remembered the university training and those who did not. The present study’s finding expands the knowledge of body image and RMA, and supports the need for interventions targeting attitudes and beliefs regarding rape and consent in college female students. Key words: media, self-objectification, body image, rape myths acceptance, college students.

Orientador: Afonso Antonio Machado / Banca: Carlos José Martins / Banca: Daniel Presoto / Resumo: A abordagem do tema corpo é de extrema relevância, em especial quando passamos a estudar enfoques especiais nos assuntos relacionados à vigorexia, e não sem efeito, direcioná-la ao público masculino, apesar deste distúrbio de imagem não se restringir somente aos homens. A tecnologia se faz presente no cotidiano das pessoas, em suas mais variadas formas, quer seja através da mídia, das técnicas de intervenção cirúrgicas, nos produtos de beleza, aparelhos para ginástica, etc., não poderíamos deixar de ressaltar o fato de que o corpo passa a ser objeto de desejos e atenções que remetem a si próprio, seu destino e construção no tocante ao que pode ou não ser valorizado na cultura onde este se inseriu. A busca pelo corpo perfeito tem o efeito de produzir discursos duplos que se justificam por relacionar as atividades físicas como promotoras de boa saúde e veículo de credibilidade social, bem como ser objeto de desejo, mas não deixam claro, ou pelo menos não fazem questão de revelar, quais os processos pelos quais passam os que já adquiriram o tão desejado corpo perfeito, ficando somente sua imagem como fontes de inspiração e desejo. Participaram deste estudo 13 indivíduos do sexo masculino, maiores de 18 anos e usuários da rede social virtual Orkut. Para desenvolver o estudo utilizamo-nos da submissão de questionários online, bem como entrevistas via comunicação síncrona, em sua interface de videochamada (site MSN), quando necessário, na tentativa de minimizar a avaliação de perfis "fakes". Não foram analisadas questões socioeconômicas. O estudo procurou estabelecer conexões entre o quadro corporal atual, com inúmeras exigências e questões a se valorizar quando pensamos no corpo e suas representações. Atualmente o corpo, por si só, não representa algo socialmente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Approaches about body is extremely important, with a special focus on issues related to vigorexy, and not without effect, direct it to the male audience, considering that this image disturbance is not restricted to men. The technology is present in daily life, in its various forms, whether through the media, the techniques of surgical intervention in beauty products, appliances for gymnastics, etc.. We could not fail to emphasize the fact that the body becomes the object of desire and attention that refer to itself, its destination and construction as to what may or may not be valued in the culture where it is inserted. The search for the perfect body has the effect of producing the double standards that are justified by relating physical activity as promoters of good health and vehicle of social credibility, as well as being an object of desire, but not clear, or at least make a point of reveal, what are the processes by which those who have already acquired the coveted perfect body, leaving only its image as a source of inspirations and desires. The study included 13 males, aged 18 years and users of social networking site Orkut. To develop the study, we use the online submission of questionnaires and interviews via synchronous communication, video calling in its interface (website MSN), when necessary, in order to minimize the assessment of profiles "fakes". Socioeconomic issues were not analyzed. The study sought to establish connections between the current body frame, with numerous requirements and issues to appreciate when we consider the body and its representations. Currently the body, by itself, does not represent something socially valued, unless it is permeated by numerous care that valued characteristic of a body. Based on the analysis and discussion of the data showed that the image disorders are present in large... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

La présente étude trouve son point de départ dans une question d’un patient paranoïaque sur la perception del’image de son corps. À partir des théories psychanalytiques, nous soutenons que la constitution du corps et dupsychisme sont liés. Ils se forment à partir de la « maitrise » par le sujet de la question énigmatique de la béancede l’Autre, et la manière par laquelle il va parvenir à « tempérer » cette jouissance lors de son entrée dans lesymbolique.Les sujets psychotiques présentent une faille lors de cette « étape » constitutive. À travers différentes études decas, nous remarquons comment cette Verwerfung ou forclusion de l’inscription de la métaphore paternelle peutêtre palliée par une création propre au sujet. Ceci nous amène à développer les concepts de sinthome de J. Lacanet de création de J. Oury. Pour inclure ces concepts théoriques dans un traitement, notre thèse soutientl’élaboration d'une clinique différentielle pour les psychoses et un traitement axé sur les principes de lapsychanalyse, la psychothérapie institutionnelle et la psychiatrie de secteur.Notre étude souligne aussi la singularité de la « logique » psychotique et veut la sortir d’un déficit ou d’unsimple encadrement du sujet dans une « norme ». Nous mettons en évidence l’importance de l’écoute du sujet etde l’élaboration d’un traitement au cas par cas, essentiel à la prise en charge de la souffrance psychotique. / The starting point of our study comes from a question of a paranoiac patient abour his perception of the image of its own body. Based on the psychoanalytic theories, we support thaht the constitution of the body and the psyches are linked. They build themselves from the way the subject manage the enigmatic question of the emptiness of the other and the how will "temper" this "jouissance" when entering the symbolic register. The psychotic patients show a breach during this constitutive "step". Through different case studies, we noticed how this "verwerfung or forclusion" of the paternal metaphor can be relieved by a singular creation of the patient. This leads us to develop the concepts of sympthom from J. Lacan and creation of J. Oury. To include these theorical concepts in a therapeutic treatment, we support a differential clinic approach for the psychotics and a treatment based on the prnciples of the psychoanalysis, the institutional psychotherapy and the sector psychiatry. Our study also underlines the singularity of the psychotic "logic" and intends to shop considering it as a deficit in comparison to a general "norm". We raised the importance of listening the patient and defining the treatment on a case by case basis, which is key for taking care of the psychotic suffering.

Estudo metodológico, com objetivos de adaptar a Satisfaction With Appearance Scale - SWAP para o português - Brasil e avaliar a validade e a confiabilidade da versão adaptada em uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros que sofreram queimaduras. A SWAP avalia a satisfação com a imagem corporal de pessoas que sofreram queimaduras. Quanto maior o escore pior a satisfação com a imagem corporal. O processo de adaptação foi realizado como segue: tradução do instrumento original, síntese das traduções, revisão da tradução realizada por um comitê de juízes, retrotradução, síntese das retrotraduções, comparação da versão original em inglês com a versão consensual em inglês, avaliação pelo autor do instrumento original, reavaliação pelo comitê de juízes, validação semântica dos itens e pré-teste da versão final. A validade de constructo convergente foi avaliada pelo teste de correlação de Pearson entre o escore obtido pela aplicação da SWAP e os resultantes da medida de constructos correlatos - depressão (Índice de Depressão de Beck); autoestima (Escala de Auto-Estima de Rosenberg); qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (Short Form Health Suvey-36) e estado de saúde de vítimas de queimaduras (Burn Specific Health Scale-Revised). A validade discriminante foi testada por meio de grupos conhecidos pelo teste t de Student para amostras independentes, associando a média da SWAP adaptada com as médias obtidas com sexo, superfície corporal queimada e percepção da visibilidade da queimadura por outras pessoas. A validade de constructo relacionada à dimensionalidade foi verificada por meio da Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) e Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE). A confiabilidade foi avaliada pela consistência interna dos itens (alfa de Cronbach) e pela correlação item-total. O nível de significância adotado foi 0,05. Participaram da etapa de validação da SWAP 106 pacientes queimados com média de idade de 37,5 anos (Desvio-Padrão - DP=13,2) em atendimento ambulatorial na Unidade de Queimados do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Na análise da validade de constructo convergente, de acordo com as hipóteses, as correlações entre as medidas da SWAP e a medida dos constructos correlatos variaram de moderadas a fortes e foram estatisticamente significantes (r=0,30 a 0,77). A SWAP adaptada apresentou capacidade de discriminar os grupos com percepção de visibilidade da queimadura por outras pessoas e percepção de não visibilidade (p<0,001). A consistência interna foi de 0,88, e a correlação item-total variou de moderada a forte (r=0,35 a 0,73). A primeira AFC com quatro fatores não apresentou índices de ajuste ao modelo adequados (? 2 =165,2/ p<0,0001; ? 2 /g.l=2,335; AGFI=0,69; RMSEA=0,11; CFI=0,85) A AFE resultou em três fatores com percentual de variância total explicada de 63,2%. Foi feita a segunda AFC com três fatores que apresentou índices de ajuste ao modelo mais próximos dos indicados pela literatura (? 2 =159,46/ p<0,0001; ? 2 /g.l=2,155; AGFI=0,73; RMSEA=0,10; CFI=0,86). Conclui-se que a SWAP adaptada para o português apresentou-se válida e confiável para ser utilizada com indivíduos brasileiros que sofreram queimaduras / Methodological study to adapt the Satisfaction With Appearance Scale - SWAP to Brazilian Portuguese and assess the validity and reliability of the adapted version in a sample of Brazilian burns patients. The SWAP assesses burns victims\' satisfaction with their body image. The higher the score, the worse the satisfaction with the body image. The adaptation process was developed as follows: translation of the original instrument, synthesis of the translations, review of the translation by an expert committee, back-translation, synthesis of the back-translations, comparison between the original version in English and the consensus version in English, assessment by the author of the original instrument, re-assessment by the expert committee, semantic validation of the items and pretest of the final version. The convergent construct validity was assessed using Pearson\'s correlation test between the SWAP score and the scores resulting from the measuring of correlated constructs - depression (Beck Depression Inventory); self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale); health-related quality of life (Short Form Health Survey-36) and health status of burns victims (Burn Specific Health Scale-Revised). The discriminant validity was tested by means of known groups using Student\'s t-test for independent samples, associating the adapted SWAP score with the means obtained for gender, total body surface area and perceived visibility of the burn by other people. The construct validity related to the dimensionality was verified using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The reliability was assessed by means of the internal consistency of the items (Cronbach\'s alpha) and the item-total correlation. The adopted significance level was 0.05. The participants in the validation phase of the SWAP were 106 burned patients with a mean age of 37.5 years (Standard Deviation - SD=13.2), receiving outpatient care at the Burns Unit of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. In the convergent construct validity analysis, the correlations according to the hypotheses were moderate to strong and statistically significant between the SWAP scores and the correlated construct measures (r=0.30 to 0.77). The adapted SWAP was able to distinguish between the groups with perceived visibility of the burn to other people and perceived non-visibility (p<0.001). The internal consistency corresponded to 0.88 and the item-total correlation varied between moderate and strong (r=0.35 to 0.73). The first CFA with four factors did not show appropriate model adjustment indices (? 2 =165.2/ p<0.0001; ? 2 /g.l=2.335; AGFI=0.69; RMSEA=0.11; CFI=0.85). The EFA resulted in three factors with a total explained variance percentage of 63.2%. A second CFA was applied with three factors, which showed model adjustment indices that were closer to those indicated in the literature (? 2 =159.46/ p<0.0001; ? 2 /g.l=2.155; AGFI=0.73; RMSEA=0.10; CFI=0.86). In conclusion, the SWAP adapted to Portuguese was valid and reliable for use with Brazilian burns victims

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo traduzir, adaptar e validar o Eating Bahaviours and Body Image Test (EBBIT), para uso com crianças de uma cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foram sujeitos do estudo 261 escolares do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 9 a 12 anos. Por meio da análise fatorial, com rotação varimax avaliou-se a consistência interna do instrumento. Esta análise, realizada pelo programa SPSS, versão 10.0, revelou dois fatores. Para o instrumento total a consistência interna foi adequada (&#8733; de Cronbach: 0,89) e para os dois fatores (1 e 2) os valores de &#8733; também foram considerados satisfatórios (&#8733;=0,90 e &#8733;=0,80 respectivamente), mostrando assim que o EBBIT é útil para uma avaliação precoce, rastreando comportamentos indicadores de possíveis distúrbios no comportamento alimentar. Foram mantidas as características psicométricas do instrumento original. / This study aimed to translate, adapt and validate the Eating Bahaviours and Body Image Test (EBBIT), to be used with children in a city in the interior of São Paulo. Study subjects were 261 female students between 9 and 12 years old. The internal consistency of the instrument was evaluated by means of factorial analysis with varimax rotation. This analysis was accomplished through SPSS, version 10.0, revealed two factors. The internal consistency was adequate for the total instrument (Cronbach’s &#8733;: 0.89) and &#8733; values were also considered satisfactory for the two factors (1 and 2) (&#8733;=0.90 and &#8733;=0.80 respectively), which demonstrated that the EBBIT is useful for an initial evaluation, tracing behavior that indicates possible eating behavior disorders. The psychometric characteristics of the original instrument were maintained.

Orientador: Edison Duarte / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T06:18:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lovo_ThaisMariaAlbani_M.pdf: 783238 bytes, checksum: fcf9637bfab0a5ee6d188db02d2db41d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Pessoas portadoras de deficiência física podem sofrer algum tipo de alteração em sua imagem corporal. Os indivíduos com hemiplegia, pela perda motora e alterações de sensibilidade, em um lado do corpo podem sofrer alterações na imagem corporal, sejam elas temporárias ou definitivas. Para melhor conhecimento da imagem corporal na hemiplegia vimos a necessidade de desenvolver uma revisão de literatura sobre essas complexas e intrincadas relações. Relatamos conceitos e discussões a respeito de imagem corporal, com seus aspectos fisiológicos, afetivos ou libidinais e sociais, sobre a hemiplegia e a relação entre essa mudança corporal ocorrida devido à seqüela neurológica relacionada aos aspectos neurológicos como a anosognosia, aspectos afetivos e sociais da imagem corporal. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada em bases de dados da Web Spirs, Web of Science, Bireme, Acervus ( Unicamp) e Cruesp, onde estão as bases como Medline, Sport discus, Psycinfo, Lilacs , Scielo, Biological Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, entre outras. A escolha das respectivas bases foi feita após uma seleção entre as que dizem respeito a área de Ciências Biológicas e Ciências da Saúde. Nas bases foram selecionados os idiomas: Inglês, Português e Espanhol. A pesquisa foi feita por assunto, utilizando algumas palavras-chave como: ?body image e hemiplegia?, ?body image e anosognosia? e ?body image e stroke?. Através da análise e organização dos materiais encontrados na pesquisa e selecionados para esta dissertação, procuramos enfatizar alguns aspectos que tiveram destaque nos estudos, como a anosognosia. Diante dos resultados encontrados na pesquisa bibliográfica o conteúdo foi organizado em três temas: imagem corporal e deficiência física, aspectos neurológicos da imagem corporal e aspectos psicossociais da imagem corporal, todos relacionados à hemplegia / Abstract: People carrying any physical deficiency can suffer some kind of alteration in their body image. The individuals with hemiplegia having motor loss and sensitivity alterations in a side of the body can suffer alterations in their body image that are either temporary or definitive . In order to achieve a better knowledge about body image in hemiplegia we needed to develop a literature revision on these complex and intricate relations. Indeed, concepts and arguments regarding body image with its physiological, affective or libidinal and social aspects in relation to hemiplegia were reported, as well as the relation of this body change due to a neurological sequel of some neurological aspects as the anosognosia, and affective and social aspects of body image. The bibliographical research was carried through in following databases: Web Spirs, Web of Science, Bireme, Acervus (Unicamp) and Cruesp; where there are the bases Medline, Sport discus, Psycinfo, Lilacs, Scielo, Biological Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts among others. The choice of the respective bases was made after an election among the ones connected with Biological and Health Sciences. In the bases the selected languages were: English, Portuguese and Spanish. The research was made by subject, and some word-keys were used: "body image and hemiplegia", "body image and anosognosia" and "body image and stroke". Through the analysis and organization of the materials found and chosen to this thesis, we emphasized some aspects that had prominence in the studies, as the anosognosia. Based in the found results in the bibliographical research the content was organized in three subjects: body image and physical deficiency, neurological aspects of the body image, and psychological and social aspects of the body image, all related to the hemplegia / Mestrado / Atividade Fisica, Adaptação e Saude / Mestre em Educação Física