The main aim of the study is to compare the extent to which the need for autonomy, relatedness and competence of baby boomers, generation X, Y and Z employees of Denel Dynamics is being satisfied and how this influences motivational strategies. The issue of generation is becoming more important due to different ways and methods required to manage different generations. A quantitative study was done by means of a structured questionnaire which was used in to determine the motivational preferences of the participants. This questionnaire was developed by Van den Broeck, Vansteenkiste, De Witte, Soenens and Lens (2010) and is based on the self-determination theory developed by Deci and Ryan. Results indicate that baby boomers have a stronger need for autonomy as compared to the other generations. Similar needs for relatedness were shown by all the generations. In view of the findings, recommendations are made to management to optimize motivational strategies and these recommendations show how each generational needs relating to self-determination theory should be addressed. / MBA (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The main aim of the study is to compare the extent to which the need for autonomy, relatedness and competence of baby boomers, generation X, Y and Z employees of Denel Dynamics is being satisfied and how this influences motivational strategies. The issue of generation is becoming more important due to different ways and methods required to manage different generations. A quantitative study was done by means of a structured questionnaire which was used in to determine the motivational preferences of the participants. This questionnaire was developed by Van den Broeck, Vansteenkiste, De Witte, Soenens and Lens (2010) and is based on the self-determination theory developed by Deci and Ryan. Results indicate that baby boomers have a stronger need for autonomy as compared to the other generations. Similar needs for relatedness were shown by all the generations. In view of the findings, recommendations are made to management to optimize motivational strategies and these recommendations show how each generational needs relating to self-determination theory should be addressed. / MBA (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

This study was exploratory in nature, with the purpose of examining the relationships between working Baby Boomers’ knowledge of retirement health benefits and health costs and actions they have taken to prepare for retirement. An online survey was completed by 209 Baby Boomers who are employed by three city governments in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. The research showed that health benefits knowledge does not predict retirement preparation but that Baby Boomers who demonstrate higher levels of knowledge-seeking behavior are more likely to undertake retirement preparation, specifically by purchasing an annuity. Among public sector working Baby Boomers, retirement preparation activities are found to be minimal. Age was found to predict knowledge-seeking behavior, in that older vs. younger Baby Boomers are more likely to engage in knowledge-seeking behavior related to retirement preparation. Current knowledge about health benefits does not predict retirement preparation.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Thesis advisor: Matthew S. Rutledge / In the past several decades, saving for retirement has significantly changed, with the large replacement of Defined Contribution for Defined Benefit plans, as well as the unreliability of Social Security given the aging population. This paper analyzes retirement wealth across three generational cohorts—Baby Boomers (1946-1964), Gen Xers (1965-1980), and Millennials (1981-2000)—in order to compare preparedness and determine whether or not younger cohorts have compensated for the future unreliability of other traditional retirement income sources. The results suggest that levels of retirement wealth do not significantly differ across cohorts at all age profiles. Therefore, younger generational cohorts have not increased the amount of personal saving in order to maintain their pre-retirement standards of living throughout retirement. These results indicate that a change in saving structure and policy may be necessary to ensure that younger cohorts retire out of poverty. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2017. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Arts and Sciences Honors Program. / Discipline: Economics.

Sammanfattning Titel: Val av intern kommunikationskanal - En generationsfråga?   Nivå: C-uppsats, examensarbete i ämnet företagsekonomi   Författare: Filip Åberg och Robin Rodestrand   Handledare: Agneta Sundström och Kristina Mickelsson   Datum: 2019 - januari   Syfte: Syftet med studien är att ökad förståelsen för hur ledares val av interna kommunikationskanaler kan anpassas efter medarbetares generationstillhörighet och hur den kan bidra till en effektivare kommunikation mellan ledare och medarbetare.   Metod: Studien grundar sig i en hermeneutisk forskningsansats där en kvalitativ forskningsdesign har använts vid insamling av empiri genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med medarbetare inom en specifik organisation. En tematisk analys genomfördes av empirin, genom vilken vi sammanställde teman utifrån respondenternas perspektiv. En typologisk analys användes för att visa skillnader och likheter mellan olika generationers preferenser i val av kommunikationskanal.       Resultat och bidrag: Studiens bidrag är att det föreligger fler likheter än skillnader mellan baby boomers, generation Ys och generation Xs preferenser av interna kommunikationskanaler. De enda skillnader som studien belyser är att generation X värderar epost högre än övriga generationer, samt att generation Y värderar kommunikation genom chattfunktioner högre än de andra två generationerna. Studien fastställer även att andra aspekter såsom relation, kontext och informationsöverflöd, är betydande inom ledares val av intern kommunikationskanal.   Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Denna studie ger som förslag att undersöka hur generationer skiljer sig åt i preferenser av interna kommunikationskanaler inom andra kontexter än den som undersökts i denna studie. Ett annat förslag till fortsatt forskning är att djupare undersöka generation Xs användning av epost och generation Ys användning av chattfunktioner. Vidare kan framtida forskning undersöka hur relationen mellan ledare och medarbetare samt informationsöverflöd påverkar ledares val av interna kommunikationskanaler.   Nyckelord: Intern kommunikation, interna kommunikationskanaler, baby boomers, generation X, generation Y. / Abstract Title: The choice of internal communication channel - A generation issue?   Level: Final assignment for bachelor degree in business administration.   Author: Filip Åberg and Robin Rodestrand   Supervisor: Agneta Sundström and Kristina Mickelsson   Date: 2019 - januari   Aim: The aim of the study is to increase understanding of how managers choice of internal communication channels can be adapted to employee’s generation and how it can contribute to more effective communication between managers and employees.   Method: The study is based on a hermeneutic research tradition in which a qualitative research design was used to gather empirical work through semi-structured interviews with employees in a specific organization. Thereafter a thematic analysis was conducted, through which we compiled themes based on the respondent’s perspective. A typological analysis was used to show differences and similarities between different generation preferences in the choice of communication channel.                                                                                Conclusion and contribution: The study's contribution is that there are more similarities than differences between baby boomers, generation Y's and generation X's preferences of internal communication channels. The only differences that the study illustrates is that generation X values ​​e-mail higher than other generations. And that generation Y values ​​communication through chat features higher than the other two generations. The study also states that other aspects such as relationship, context and information overflow are significant in the leaders choice of internal communication channel.   Suggestions for future research: This study proposes to investigate how generations differ in their preferences of internal communication channels in other contexts than those studied in this study. Another suggestion for further research is to deeper investigate the generation Y's use of e-mail and generation X's use of chat features. Furthermore, future research can investigate how the relationship between leaders and employees, as well as information overflow, affect leaders' choice of internal communication channels                                                                                Keywords: Internal communication, internal communication channels, baby boomers, generation X, Generation Y.

Job satisfaction in law enforcement is important because it promotes continuity of a professional and cohesive police force that works well together, follows proper policy and procedures, and provides the services needed to the public. Given multigenerational law enforcement officers are now working together, its impact on job satisfaction is not known. This study focused on how generational cohort membership impacts the job satisfaction of law enforcement officers based on Mannheim's theory of generations and Locke's range of affect theory. It utilized a survey design where job satisfaction was assessed using the Job Descriptive Index, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, and Job Task Questionnaire. A quantitative analysis was employed using a correlation design, multiple regression, and an ANOVA. Findings showed significant differences at the .05 level in frequency ratings on the job task questionnaire on patrol, traffic enforcement, and warrant service between the generations. A logistical regression of Job Descriptive Index scores showed a significant relationship between generational cohort membership and job satisfaction scores on the promotion scale, supervision scale, and the job in general scale. Lastly, a logistical regression of the Occupational Commitment Questionnaire showed significance between Generation X and Millennial officer's overall scores with Millennial's having lower organizational commitment. Implications for social change include increasing knowledge for patrol officers and their supervisors regarding these generational differences. Other social change includes training programs for current and future officers on understanding and working with these generational differences in law enforcement.

The transition of organizations' workforces from a baby-boomer to a millennial majority in the 21st century has created work-engagement strategy challenges for management. The purpose of this study was to explore the engagement strategies that business managers design and implement that effectively address the generational differences within the workforce. The case study design was appropriate for addressing this study's purpose of exploring the successful experiences of approximately 125 healthcare business managers within a business organization in Huntington, West Virginia. Transformational leadership theory constituted the conceptual framework for this study. Methodological triangulation was used to identify key themes from the participants' interviews, employee training manuals, and job descriptions of the healthcare organization. The key themes that emerged were reverse mentorship, employee work-life balance, and employee feedback expectations. Social change could result from implementing the recommendations of this study to enhance employees' individual qualities such as worth, dignity, and a strong work ethic, thereby catalyzing employees' support of their local communities.

As the baby boomer generation move inexorably towards retirement and the requirement for health care services increases, the supply of nurses available to provide care at the patient bedside is forecast to fall significantly short of demand. This thesis has explored the perspectives of midlife nurses, asking what it would take to keep them in bedside practice until retirement. These nurses have provided insights which offer employers of valuable senior nurses, suggestions for maximising their potential. Through the use of questionnaires and focus groups nurses aged 45 years and over were asked what the employer can do to ensure that they are able to continue to work at the patient bedside until they reach the age of retirement. The results of this research demonstrate a workforce of nurses who are passionate and committed to their profession, but feeling disillusioned and disempowered. The nursing environment has changed over the span of their career and they find the increased workload, together with increasing professional demands, too hard to cope with. They feel they have no control over their workload, their shift patterns, or the expectations of their patients and colleagues. They want their experience to be recognized but they do not want to have to prove competency; they want to have a voice but they are unwilling to pursue postgraduate education to learn how to become visible and emancipated.

The impact of population ageing on the social budgets of the future is a phenomenon confronting many of the world's wealthiest and most advanced nations. The impending retirement of the 'baby boomers' has raised concerns about the inadequacy of budgetary frameworks (both conceptual and real) to fulfil the financial commitments of demographically sensitive programs, namely old age pensions. Pension schemes represent, by far, the largest social welfare commitment of first world nations. Old age pensions are also demographically sensitive. Furthermore, pension systems play a crucial role in alleviating poverty, in recognising the previous contribution of an individual and in maintaining of the social and economic wellbeing of democratic polities. The financial stability of pension schemes and the ability of governments to meet future commitments will become significant issues of public policy as the pressures from population ageing intensify. Yet, committing resources, or budgeting, for longer-term pressures is an inherently problematic exercise both from an intellectual and a practical perspective. For long-term resourcing to be successful it requires perfect foresight and a level of political commitment that typically eludes most politicians and governments. Longer or medium-term budgetary pressures are often ignored or avoided until they impact on the immediate chances of either fiscal or electoral success. As such, societies face the prospect of looming financial burdens, but only have a box of short-term tools at their disposal and a limited body of scholarship to guide them through this ticking political 'time bomb'. This research tackles a significant omission in the existing literature on budgeting, public policy and social welfare, by proposing a conceptual framework for the anticipation, conceptualisation and analysis of future budget pressures. In doing so, it brings together analytical frameworks of government budgeting and social policy from a number of disciplinary areas and weaves them into a conceptual framework that allows for diagnostic and prescriptive analysis of budgetary pressures within a particular policy/spending area. The framework is also compatible with existing budgetary frameworks and decision-making processes. Through the analysis of the old age pension systems in Australia, Canada and Sweden this thesis makes an important contribution to the understanding of how demographic transition will impact on the future stability of pension schemes. The thesis contends that ageing populations will place significant pressure on each pillar of the pension system to meet its future financial commitments. This pressure will, in turn, have important implications for national budgetary processes and old age pension policy over the coming decades. In particular, governments will be required to implement a range of techniques that sit both within and beyond the traditional bounds of most budget processes. It will be imperative for researchers to explore the complexities and political possibilities of budget reform and to search for ways in which the longer-term needs of society can be adequately satisfied through the budget process.