In an automotive context today’s need of testing functions while in factory, correcting faults in the workshop or adding extra value in the aftermarket makes it very important to easily be able to download new software to the electronic control units in vehicles. In the platform for standard automotive software development called AUTOSAR, two known protocols are presented to specify the procedure on how to implement this download operation: Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) and the Universal Measurement and Calibration Protocol (XCP). However the part of the UDS and XCP standards that is about reprogramming is not completely a part of the AUTOSAR standard yet. In this thesis, UDS and XCP have been compared to evaluate which of the two that has most support in AUTOSAR today and are most likely to be fully integrated into AUTOSAR in the future. Since UDS already has support in AUTOSAR for some of the functions needed for reprogramming and because of the fact that UDS is a part of the extensively used On-board Diagnostic standard (OBD-II), UDS is chosen to be the most suitable protocol for implementing reprogramming functionality according to AUTOSAR. A bootloader with the ability to download data has been developed using only relevant functions from UDS and following the AUTOSAR specifications where it is applicable. / För att kunna testa fordonsfunktioner i fabriken, åtgärda mjukvarufel under service eller för att uppgradera fordonet med nya funktioner är det viktigt att kunna ladda ner ny mjukvara till fordonets styrsystem. Den standardiserade mjukvaruplattformen för fordonsindustrin, AUTOSAR, innehåller två protokoll som båda specificerar hur mjukvara kan laddas ner: Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) och Universal Measurement and Calibration Protocol (XCP). Tyvärr är de delarna av UDS och XCP som beskriver mjukvarunerladdning inte en del av AUTOSAR än. I det här examensarbetet har UDS och XCP jämförts för att utvärdera vilken av de båda som i dagsläget har störst stöd för nerladdning av mjukvara i AUTOSAR och vilken som troligast kommer att bli en del av AUTOSAR i framtiden. Eftersom AUTOSAR redan stödjer några av de funktioner i UDS som behövs för nerladdning av mjukvara samt på grund av att UDS är en del av branschstandarden för fordonsdiagnostik OBD-II, har UDS valts som den mest lämpade att i dagsläget användas för att implementera nerladdning av mjukvara enligt AUTOSAR. En bootloader som stödjer nerladdning av mjukvara via UDS har sedan implementerats enligt AUTOSAR-specifikationen så långt som möjligt.

<p>In this report you can get a complete instruction about how to build your own development system for the PIC-processor. This card will be used for laborations for the students at LITH-ITN. With this card you can send new assembler codes (new instructions) down to the microprocessor via the Serialport on your computer. Then the new instructions for the microprocessor will start to execute. We made a solder paste stencil at Campus Norrköping solder paste stencil laboratory. The software we made makes it possible to receive and transmit the new code to the board. </p><p>The first part of our report contains some information about why we chose the components that we did. There are also some preferences about how these components are working. We also explain the architecture of the microprocessor because it is then easier to understand how to program it, which is explained later. We have made a guide for Microchips development kit MPLAB and some discussions about it. The components that we use are necessary to initiate and therefore we show in detail how this works. The software for transmitting the code from the computer to the card is presented and so is the code on the board that receives the transmitted data. When the board receives new code through the serial port it puts the code in the memory and start to execute it. To test our construction we made programs, which initiates and reads a temperature from one digital temperature sensor and one analog temperature sensor. We also got the opportunity to learn how the manufacturing of a solder paste stencil is proceeded. This proceed we have described in this report. All software is described in assembler but you can also make your programs in C. Additionally we have made a short investigation about how the C-compiler CCS is installed and used in MPLAB.</p>

Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία σχεδιάστηκε και υλοποιήθηκε ένα δίκτυο πραγματικού χρόνου με σκοπό την διασύνδεση μιας ομάδας μικροελεγκτών. Bασισμένος στο δίκτυο, αναπτύχθηκε ένας δικτυακός bootloader για μικροελεγκτές AVR και σχεδιάστηκε desktop εφαρμογή για την διεπαφή του χρήστη με το δίκτυο. Απώτερος σκοπός του εγχειρήματος αυτού είναι η χρήση του συστήματος από φοιτητές στο πλαίσιο των μαθημάτων μικροϋπολογιστών και συγκεκριμένα να διευκολύνει την ανάπτυξη δικτυακών εφαρμογών με μικροελεγκτές. / At this diploma thesis a real-time network protocol was designed and implemented in order to interconnect a group of microcontrollers. Based at this protocol, a network bootloader was developed for AVR microcontrollers and a desktop application for the interface of the user with the network was developed. Ultimate goal of this work is to be used from students of microcomputer courses and specifically to facilitate the development of network applications with microcontrollers.

In this thesis analyze in detail issue Bootloader for microcontrollers AVR and made proposal for implementation to the device Sci-Trace. Modification electronics part deal with patch board, where used connect between others module and control board. Control Board handle with computer and individually module. Example others module are control optics or control stepper motors. From user interface is resolve choice information display for show temperature inside the device. From mechanical part is resolve store electronic part to the rack section. From programming part is create firmware for control board and others module. For users operation is create program for operation system for upgrade application firmware to microcontroller.

With the development of advanced driving assistance systems, the amount of data that needs to be transmitted within a car has increased tremendously. Traditional communication bus based systems are unable to meet today’s requirements; hence automotive Ethernet is being developed and standardized. Ethernet has for many years been the de facto standard in interconnecting computers. In that time several vulnerabilities of the networking protocol stack implementations and even the protocols themselves have been discovered. The knowledge from exploiting computer networks can be applied to the automotive domain. Additionally, vehicle manufacturers tend to implement their own stacks, due to copyleft reasons; hence the chances of implementation faults increases as opposed to using well-tested open source solutions. Since the line between security and safety in cars is almost nonexistent, security has to be properly addressed. This thesis investigates the security of automotive Ethernet and its accompanying protocols. It starts with an introduction to computer and automotive networking and protocols. After a solid foundation is laid, it investigates what makes up automotive Ethernet, its application in the field, and the automotive specific components relying on it. After looking at related work, a data network security audit and analysis as defined by the open-source security testing methodology is performed. The system is graded with risk assessment values. Weak points are identified and improvements suggested. The impact of the proposed improvements is shown by reevaluating the system and recalculating the risk assessment values. These efforts further the ultimate goal of achieving increased safety of all traffic participants. / Med utvecklingen av avancerade körningsassisterande system har mängden data som behöver sändas inom en bil ökat enormt. Traditionella kommunikationsbussbaserade system kan inte uppfylla dagens krav. Därmed utvecklas och standardiseras Ethernet för fordon. Ethernet har i många år varit de facto-standarden i sammankopplandet mellan datorer. Under den tiden har flera sårbarheter hos nätverksprotokolls implementeringar och protokoll själva upptäckts. Det finns anledning att tro att kunskapen från att utnyttja datanätverk kan tillämpas på fordonsdomänen. Att tillägga är att fordonstillverkare tenderar att genomföra sina egna staplar. På grund av copyleft skäl, ökar chanserna för implementeringsfel i motsats till att använda testade open source-lösningar. Eftersom människors säkerhet hos bilar är extremt viktigt, måste även dess system hanteras ordentligt. Denna avhandling undersöker säkerheten för Ethernet och kompletterande protokoll hos bilar. Den börjar med en introduktion till datorers och bilars nätverk och protokoll. Efter en stabil grund fastställts, undersöker den vad som utgör Ethernet hos bilar, dess tillämpning inom fältet, och de bilspecifika komponenterna den beror av. Efter att ha tittat på relaterat arbete utförs en säkerhetsgranskning och analys av datanätverk som definieras av säkerhetsmetoden för open-source. Systemet värderas med riskbedömningsvärden. Svaga punkter identifieras och förbättringar föreslås. Effekten av de föreslagna förbättringarna framgår utav omvärdering av systemet och omräkning av riskbedömningsvärdena. Dessa bedömningar leder till det yttersta målet för ökad säkerhet för alla trafikanter.

The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) revolution has introduced many useful applications that are utilized in our daily lives. Users can program these devices in order to develop their own IoT applications; however, the platforms and languages that are used during development are abounding, complicated, and time-consuming. The software solution provided in this thesis, PROVIZ+, is a secure sensor application development software suite that helps users create sophisticated and secure IoT applications with little software and hardware experience. Moreover, a simple and efficient domain-specific programming language, namely Panther language, was designed for IoT application development to unify existing programming languages. In addition to these contributions, PROVIZ+ supports a novel secure over-the-air programming framework, namely SOTA, using Bluetooth and WiFi as well as serial programming. In this thesis, we explain the features of PROVIZ+’s components, how these tools can help develop IoT applications, and SOTA. We also present the performance evaluations of PROVIZ+ and SOTA.

In this report you can get a complete instruction about how to build your own development system for the PIC-processor. This card will be used for laborations for the students at LITH-ITN. With this card you can send new assembler codes (new instructions) down to the microprocessor via the Serialport on your computer. Then the new instructions for the microprocessor will start to execute. We made a solder paste stencil at Campus Norrköping solder paste stencil laboratory. The software we made makes it possible to receive and transmit the new code to the board. The first part of our report contains some information about why we chose the components that we did. There are also some preferences about how these components are working. We also explain the architecture of the microprocessor because it is then easier to understand how to program it, which is explained later. We have made a guide for Microchips development kit MPLAB and some discussions about it. The components that we use are necessary to initiate and therefore we show in detail how this works. The software for transmitting the code from the computer to the card is presented and so is the code on the board that receives the transmitted data. When the board receives new code through the serial port it puts the code in the memory and start to execute it. To test our construction we made programs, which initiates and reads a temperature from one digital temperature sensor and one analog temperature sensor. We also got the opportunity to learn how the manufacturing of a solder paste stencil is proceeded. This proceed we have described in this report. All software is described in assembler but you can also make your programs in C. Additionally we have made a short investigation about how the C-compiler CCS is installed and used in MPLAB.

This work deals with issues of in circuit programming with using a bootloader. The general aim is to create functional bootloader’s for the two different types of Freescale microcontrollers Freescale.

In this thesis, there will be experimental wireless sensor network created. Simple mo- nitoring application will be running on this network and storing data in database. For easier maintaining of network, there will be prototype system created, which will allow remote firmware upload to network nodes. This system will use Bootloader application from Atmel company combined with Serial to Ethernet converter. This system will al- lows mass upload of firmware to nodes from any place in the world with Internet access. Information about network will be stored in database which will include table for nodes and connections where its possible to see link quality for each link in the network.

This thesis deals with methods of remote maintenance of microcontroller systems based on Atmel AVR family over the Ethernet interface and TCP/IP protocols. To create communication through TCP/IP, an embedded server NE-4100T is used. At the beginning, key features of the server and methods of handling with content of a program memory are discussed. The final solution is based on the bootloader method. It includes bootloader firmware and user program for PC. The hardware part covers design of interconnection electronics, DC-DC step down converter, real time clock and printed circuit board. The remote maintenance of program memory has been sucessfully solved, but the embedded server NE-4100T produces a problem with an auhentification without a sufficient solution.