Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-05T19:25:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoManuelRegoSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1561950 bytes, checksum: eb2b7dacfcb7c22d8a44cd6461da9588 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-13T23:11:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoManuelRegoSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1561950 bytes, checksum: eb2b7dacfcb7c22d8a44cd6461da9588 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-13T23:11:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoManuelRegoSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1561950 bytes, checksum: eb2b7dacfcb7c22d8a44cd6461da9588 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-29 / A borra oleosa (BO) de petr?leo apresenta um agregado complexo de hidrocarbonetos, impurezas org?nicas, inorg?nicas e ?gua. Um dos principais problemas encontrados atualmente na ind?stria petrolifera ? o gerenciamento (acondicionamento, armazenamento, transporte e destino) de res?duos. Os nanomateriais (catalisadores) mesoporosos e microporosos s?o considerados promissores em processos de refino de petr?leo e como adsorventes para prote??o ambiental. O foco deste trabalho foi estudar a BO de petr?leo oriunda do processamento prim?rio, com aplica??o de degrada??o t?rmica e termocatal?tica com nanomateriais, visando a produ??o de derivados de petr?leo. O catalisador NaY foi sintetizado com uma raz?o molar de sil?cio/alum?nio de 50 (Si/Al = 1,5), usando silicato de s?dio (Na2SiO3) como fonte de sil?cio e aluminato de s?dio (NaAlO2) como a fonte de alum?nio e, posteriormente feito uma troca i?nica para obten??o de sua forma ?cida - HY. As amostras dos materiais nanoestruturados foram caracterizadas por analise termogravim?trica (TG/DTG), difra??o de raios X (DRX), microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de absor??o na regi?o do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FT-IR). A caracteriza??o mostrou que os materiais sintetizados resultaram em um catalisador nano estruturado de acordo com a literatura existente. A degrada??o t?rmica e catal?tica da borra oleosa de petr?leo foi realizada nas faixas de temperatura de 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 ?C, variando com o tempo de 0 a 60 min para cada temperatura. As curvas obtidas atrav?s da degrada??o, mostram uma deteriora??o mais acelerada da borra oleosa quando existe a presen?a de catalisador no meio. Esses dados foram corroborados pela energia de ativa??o e foram estudados pelos par?metros de Arrhenius, onde foi poss?vel observar a energia de ativa??o para degrada??o t?rmica e termocatal?tica da borra oleosa. / The oily sludge presents a complete aggregate of hydrocarbons, organic and inorganic impurities, and water. One of the main bottlenecks currently found in oil industry it's the manegement (packaging, storage, transportation and destination) of waste. The nanomaterials (catalysts) mesoporous and microporous are considered promissing in oil refining processes and as absorvents to enviromental protection. The focus of this work was study de oily sludge from primary processing, with applications of thermal degradation and thermocatalytic with nanomaterials, aiming the production of oil derivates. The catalyst NaY was sintetized with a silica/aluminum molar ratio of 50 (Si/Al = 1,5), using sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as source of silicon e sodium aluminate (NaAlO2), as the aluminum source and, posteriorly was done a ion exchange to obtain its acid form - HY. The samples of the nanostructured materials by thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), X-ray diffraction (DRX), scanning electro micorscopy (SEM), absorption spectroscopy in the infrared region with Fourier transform (FT-IR). The characterizations showed that the synthesized materials resulted in a nanostructured catalyest according to the existent literature. The thermal and catalytic degradation of the oily sludge was performed in the temperature ranges of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ?C, varying with time of 0 to 60 min to each temperature. The curves obtained through degradation showed a faster deterioration of oily sludge when there a presence of catalyst on the midst. These datas were corroborated by the activation energy and were studied by Arrhenius parameter, where was possible to observe the activation energy to thermal and thermo-catalytic degradation of the oily sludge.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CiceroSL_TESE.pdf: 5334902 bytes, checksum: 41714ced8f45a82dbc84b8d2449a7bee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 / The oily sludge is a complex mix of hydrocarbons, organic impurities, inorganic and water. One of the major problems currently found in petroleum industry is management (packaging, storage, transport and fate) of waste. The nanomaterials (catalysts) mesoporous and microporous are considered promising for refining and adsorbents process for environment protection. The aim of this work was to study the oily sludge from primary processing (raw and treated) and vacuum residue, with application of thermal analyses technique (pyrolysis), thermal and catalytic pyrolysis with nanomaterials, aiming at production petroleum derived. The sludge and vacuum residue were analyzed using a soxhlet extraction system, elemental analysis, thin layer chromatography, thermogravimetry and pyrolysis coupled in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py GC MS). The catalysts AlMCM-41, AlSBA-15.1 e AlSBA-15.2 were synthesized with molar ratio silicon aluminum of 50 (Si/Al = 50), using tetraethylorthosilicante as source of silicon and pseudobuhemita (AlOOH) as source of aluminum. The analyzes of the catalysts indicate that materials showed hexagonal structure and surface area (783,6 m2/g for AlMCM-41, 600 m2/g for AlSBA-15.1, 377 m2/g for AlSBA-15.2). The extracted oily sludge showed a range 65 to 95% for organic components (oil), 5 to 35% for inorganic components (salts and oxides) and compositions different of derivatives. The AlSBA-15 catalysts showed better performance in analyzes for production petroleum derived, 20% increase in production of kerosene and light gas oil. The energy potential of sludge was high and it can be used as fuel in other cargo processed in refinery / A borra oleosa (BO) de petr?leo ? uma mistura complexa de hidrocarbonetos, impurezas org?nicas, inorg?nicas e ?gua. Um dos grandes problemas encontrados atualmente na ind?stria de petr?leo ? o gerenciamento (acondicionamento, armazenamento, transporte e destino) de res?duos. Os nanomateriais (catalisadores) mesoporosos e microporosos s?o considerados promissores em processos de refino de petr?leo e como adsorventes para prote??o ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a BO de petr?leo oriunda do processamento prim?rio (bruta e tratada) e res?duo de v?cuo, com aplica??o de an?lise termogravim?trica, t?cnica de pir?lise t?rmica e catal?tica com nanomateriais, visando a produ??o de derivado de petr?leo. As borras extra?das em um equipamento soxhlet foram analisadas por an?lise elementar, cromatografia em camada fina, termogravimetria (TG) e pir?lise acoplado a um cromatogr?fico gasoso/espectro de massa (Py-GC/MS). Os catalisadores AlMCM-41 e AlSBA-15 foram sintetizados com uma raz?o molar de s?licio/alum?nio de 50 (Si/Al = 50), usando tetraetilortossilicato (TEOS) como fonte de sil?cio e pseudobuhemita (AlOOH) como a fonte de alum?nio. Os catalisadores indicam que os materiais apresentaram estrutura hexagonal, ?rea espec?fica de 783,6 m2/g para o AlMCM-41, 600 m2/g para o AlSBA-15.1 e 377 m2/g para o AlSBA-15.2). A BO extra?da apresentou de 65 a 95% de componentes org?nicos (?leo), de 5 a 35% de componentes inorg?nicos (sais e ?xidos) e diferentes composi??es dos derivados. Os catalisadores tipo AlSBA-15 apresentaram melhor desempenho na obten??o dos derivados de petr?leo, aumentando em 20% a produ??o de querosene e gas?leo leve. O potencial energ?tico da BO foi elevado, pois ela pode ser utilizada como combust?vel e processada com outras cargas pesadas do petr?leo para a produ??o de diferentes derivados de petr?leo